This might seem like a very stupid question, but I can't seem to figure it out. How can you put a relationship between values of an object?
I think the code will speak for itself:
$Collection = ("Fruit","Banana"),("Vegetables","Aubergine"),("Fruit","Appel"),("Vegetables","Courgette") |
ForEach-Object {
[PSCustomObject]#{
'Type'=$_[0]
'Content'=$_[1]
}
}
if ($Collection.Type -contains "Fruit" -and $Collection.Content -contains "Courgette") {
Write-Host "We DID find a match" -ForegroundColor Green
}
else {
Write-Host "We didn't find a match" -ForegroundColor Red
}
<# Result
Fruit + Banana = "We DID find a match"
Fruit + Courgette= "We DID find a match"
#>
How is it possible to only have a match when the pair matches? For example I would like it match in the case of Fruit + Banana but not in case of Fruit + Courgette.
I'm sorry if this sounds silly.. Thank you for your help.
You don't have to create a new custom object, PS already provides key/value collection in a shape of hash table. You can make this much simpler:
$h = #{ "Banana" = "Fruit"; "Aubergine" = "Vegetables"; "Appel" = "Fruit" ; "Courgette" = "Vegetables"}
function CheckObject($k, $v){
if($h.Item($k) -eq $v){
Write-Host "We DID find a match";
}
else{
Write-Host "We did NOT find a match";
}
}
Result:
PS U:\> CheckObject "Banana" "Fruit"
We DID find a match
PS U:\> CheckObject "Banana" "Vegetables"
We did NOT find a match
PS U:\> CheckObject "Courgetee" "Vegetables"
We did NOT find a match
The keys(first value) have to be unique, hence flipping from "Fruit","Banana".
Your collection a unique value (Content) and a Type that can be repeated. In my solution I am assuming you are never going to have repeated entries like "Fruit/Banana" and "Vegetables/Banana"
Your logical test is: $Collection.Type -contains "Fruit" -and $Collection.Content -contains "Courgette"
What is the problem on your logical test? You are testing if your collection has "Fruit" (that is true) and if your collection has "Courguette" (that is also true).
You have to test if your collection has "Courgette" and if so, if the type of that "Courguette" object is "Fruit"...
You can create a function that looks for the $content and if it exists checks the type. It should return $true on a match.
function FindObject($type, $content)
{
$index = [array]::IndexOf($Collection.Content,$content)
if (($index -ge 0) -and ($Collection[$index].Type -eq $type))
{
return $true
}
else
{
return $false
}
}
EDIT: As #Kayasax commented you can save code by using
$Collection | ?{$_.Type -eq "Fruit" -and $_.Content -eq "Banana"} instead of a function. Less code lines but harder to read and debug if you want to understand.
Working example:
$Collection = ("Fruit","Banana"),("Vegetables","Aubergine"),("Fruit","Appel"),("Vegetables","Courgette") |
ForEach-Object {
[PSCustomObject]#{
'Type'=$_[0]
'Content'=$_[1]
}
}
function FindObject($type, $content)
{
$index = [array]::IndexOf($Collection.Content,$content)
if (($index -ge 0) -and ($Collection[$index].Type -eq $type))
{
return $true
}
else
{
return $false
}
}
#if ( $Collection | ?{$_.Type -eq "Fruit" -and $_.Content -eq "Courgette"} )
if ( (FindObject "Fruit" "Courgette") -eq $true)
{
Write-Host "We DID find a match" -ForegroundColor Green
}
else
{
Write-Host "We didn't find a match" -ForegroundColor Red
}
Related
I have a script that read from excel and let the user to choose a column. The issue is that the list is not readable and I want to show the user the option to choose the version with UI with Out-Gridview
One more thing, I need that the answer will be a number
Here is the script:
$ExcelObject = New-Object -ComObject Excel.Application
$ExcelWorkBook = $ExcelObject.Workbooks.Open($SharePointSiteURL)
$ExcelWorkSheet = $ExcelWorkBook.Sheets.Item("VIP List")
$rowMax = $ExcelWorkSheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count
$colMax = $ExcelWorkSheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count
$columns = [ordered]#{}
for ($col = 1; $col -le $colMax; $col++) {
$name = $ExcelWorkSheet.Cells.Item(1, $col).Value() # assuming the first row has the headers
if ($name -ne $null){
$columns[$name] = $col}
}
$columns.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {
# {0,2} means to write the index number from $_.Value right aligned for two digits
'{0,2}: {1}' -f $_.Value, $_.Name
}
do {
$answer = Read-Host "Please enter the number of the column you want to read from" #. Press Q to exit
# ask this question until the user enters a number or 'Q'
} until ($answer -eq 'Q' -or $answer -match '^\d{1,2}$')
switch ($answer) {
'Q' { break } # user wants to quit
{1..$columns.Count} {
# get the Name from the chosen value
$action = $columns.Keys | Where-Object {$columns["$_"] -eq $answer}
Write-Host "You chose to perform: '$action'" -ForegroundColor Cyan
<# run $action #>
}
}
It looks like this:
To let the user select the tool version using Out-GridView, you need to build an array of objects, like below:
$ExcelObject = New-Object -ComObject Excel.Application
$ExcelWorkBook = $ExcelObject.Workbooks.Open($SharePointSiteURL)
$ExcelWorkSheet = $ExcelWorkBook.Sheets.Item("VIP List")
$rowMax = $ExcelWorkSheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count
$colMax = $ExcelWorkSheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count
# now, have the loop output objects that will be collected in variable $columns
$columns = for ($col = 1; $col -le $colMax; $col++) {
$name = $ExcelWorkSheet.Cells.Item(1, $col).Value() # assuming the first row has the headers
# if $name is not empty or whitespace only
if ($name -match '\S') {
[PsCustomObject]#{
Number = $col
Version = $name
}
}
}
# output to Out-GridView with -PassThru parameter so you can capture the selected item
$answer = ($columns | Out-GridView -Title 'Please select' -PassThru).Number
# if the user did not cancel
if ($answer) {
# get the Name from the chosen value
$action = $columns[$answer -1].Version
Write-Host "You chose to perform: '$action'" -ForegroundColor Cyan
<# run $action #>
}
Please do not forget to remove the used COM objects from memory when the code is done, otherwise they will linger on..
$null = [System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($ExcelWorkSheet)
$null = [System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($ExcelWorkBook)
$null = [System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($ExcelObject)
[System.GC]::Collect()
[System.GC]::WaitForPendingFinalizers()
My code below works in every instance except for if one object is $null and the other object has one item. When that situation occurs the output becomes 1 letter like it is indexing and I am not sure why.
How do I combine the two objects to make a final report?
$ADGroups = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership -Identity $UserSam | Select-Object distinguishedName, name | Where-Object { ($_.distinguishedName -ne 'CN=Domain Users,CN=Users,DC=com') }
#record AD groups
$ADResult = #()
if ($null -eq $ADGroups) {
Write-Warning "No AD Groups"
$ADResult = [PSCustomObject]#{
ADGroups = #()
ADGroupsdistinguishedName = #()
}
}
Else {
$ADResult = $ADGroups | ForEach-Object {
[PSCustomObject]#{
ADGroups = $_.name
ADGroupsdistinguishedName = $_.distinguishedName
}
}
}
#============= Now Google, get user groups and record
$GoogleGroups = gam print groups member $email members managers owners | ConvertFrom-Csv
# Record Google Groups
$GResult = #()
If ($null -eq $GoogleGroups) {
Write-Warning "No Google Groups"
$GResult = [PSCustomObject]#{
GoogleGroups = #()
Role = #()
}
}
Else {
$group = $null
$GResult = ForEach ($group in $GoogleGroups) {
#this records what role the user had in the group(s)
$GoogleMember = gam print group-members group $group.email members | ConvertFrom-Csv | Select-Object -ExpandProperty email
$Role = $null
If ( $GoogleMember -contains $EMAIL) {
$Role = 'Member'
}
Else {
$GoogleManager = gam print group-members group $group.email managers | ConvertFrom-Csv | Select-Object -ExpandProperty email
If ($GoogleManager -contains $EMAIL) {
$Role = 'Manager'
}
Else {
$Role = 'Owner'
}
}
[PSCustomObject]#{
GoogleGroups = $group.email
Role = $role
}
$group = $null
}
}
# ---------now report that will be dropped off at end
[int]$max = $ADResult.count
if ([int]$GResult.count -gt $max) { [int]$max = $GResult.count }
If ($max -eq 1 -or $max -eq 0) {
$Result = [PSCustomObject]#{
PrimaryEmail = $email
Title = $UserInfo.title
Department = $UserInfo.Department
Manager = $Manager
ADGroupName = $ADResult.ADGroups
ADGroupNameDistinguishedName = $ADResult.ADGroupsdistinguishedName
GoogleGroup = $GResult.GoogleGroups
Role = $GResult.role
DateOfSeparation = (Get-Date).ToString("yyyy_MM_dd")
UserDistinguishedName = $UserInfo.distinguishedName
UserOU = $UserInfo.Ou
PrimaryGroup = $UserInfo.primaryGroup.Split('=').Split(',')
}
}
Else {
$Result = for ( $i = 0; $i -lt $max; $i++) {
[PSCustomObject]#{
PrimaryEmail = $email
Title = $UserInfo.title
Department = $UserInfo.Department
ADGroupName = $ADResult.ADGroups[$i]
ADGroupNameDistinguishedName = $ADResult.ADGroupsdistinguishedName[$i]
GoogleGroup = $GResult.GoogleGroups[$i]
Role = $GResult.role[$i]
DateOfSeparation = (Get-Date).ToString("yyyy_MM_dd")
UserDistinguishedName = $UserInfo.distinguishedName
UserOU = $UserInfo.Ou
PrimaryGroup = $UserInfo.primaryGroup.Split('=').Split(',')[$i]
}
}
}
$Result | Export-Csv 'C:\temp\Groups.csv' -NoTypeInformation
Going by the abstract description of your problem:
You're seeing an unfortunate asymmetry in PowerShell:
In the pipeline, a [string] instance is considered a single object.
PS> ('foo' | Measure-Object).Count
1
With respect to indexing, it is considered an array of characters.
PS> 'foo'[0]
f
A general feature of capturing a PowerShell pipeline's output is that if a command situationally outputs just a single object, that object is captured as-is, whereas two or more output objects result in a regular PowerShell array, of type [object[]].
Typically, this isn't a problem, because PowerShell's unified handling of scalars and collections allows you to index even into a scalar (single object), i.e. to implicitly treat a single object as if it were a single-element array:
PS> (Write-Output 42, 43)[0]
42
PS> (Write-Output 42)[0]
42 # still OK, even though only *one* object was output; same as: (42)[0]
However, with a single [string] instance as the output it becomes a problem, for the reasons stated above:
PS> (Write-Output 'foo', 'bar')[0]
foo # OK
PS> (Write-Output 'foo')[0]
f # !! Indexing into a *single string* treats it as *character array*
The same applies to values returned via member-access enumeration, perhaps surprisingly :
PS> (Get-Item $HOME, /).FullName[0]
C:\Users\Jdoe
PS> (Get-Item $HOME).FullName[0]
C # !! Indexing into a *single string* treats it as *character array*
Workarounds:
Enclose the command of interest in #(...), the array-subexpression operator so as to ensure that its output is always considered an array.
PS> #(Write-Output 'foo')[0]
foo # OK
Alternatively, when capturing a command's output in a variable, type-constrain that variable to [array] (same as [object[]]) or a strongly typed array, [string[]]:
PS> [array] $output = Write-Output 'foo'; $output[0]
foo # OK
How can I check if a string exists in:
1 text file;
size up until 10GB;
taking into account that the file is only one line;
the file only contains random numbers 1 to 9;
using powershell (because I think it will be more efficient, although I don't know how to program in this language);
I have tried this in batch:
FINDSTR "897516" decimal_output.txt
pause
But as I said I need the faster and more efficient way to do this.
I also tried this code that I have found in stackoverflow:
$SEL = Select-String -Path C:\Users\fabio\Desktop\CONVERTIDOS\dec_output.txt -Pattern "123456"
if ($SEL -ne $null)
{
echo Contains String
}
else
{
echo Not Contains String
}
But I get the error below, and I don't know if this code is the most solid or adequate. The error:
Select-String : Tipo de excepção 'System.OutOfMemoryException' accionado.
At C:\Users\fabio\Desktop\1.ps1:1 char:8
+ $SEL = Select-String -Path C:\Users\fabio\Desktop\CONVERTIDOS\dec_out ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Select-String], OutOfMemoryException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.OutOfMemoryException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.SelectStringCommand
This should do the job:
#################################################################################################################
#
# Searches for a user defined string in the $input_file and counts matches. Works with files of any size.
#
# Adjust source directory and input file name.
#
$source = "C:\adjust\path"
$input_file = "file_name.extension"
#
#
# Define the string you want to search for. Keep quotation marks even if you only search for numbers (otherwise
# $pattern.Length will be 1 and this script will no longer work with files larger than the $split_size)!
#
$pattern = "Enter the string to search for in here"
#
#
# Using Get-Content on an input file with a size of 1GB or more will cause System.OutOfMemoryExceptions,
# therefore a large file gets temporarily split up.
#
$split_size = 100MB
#
#
# Thanks #Bob (https://superuser.com/a/1295082/868077)
#################################################################################################################
Set-Location $source
if (test-path ".\_split") {
while ($overwrite -ne "true" -and $overwrite -ne "false") {
"`n"
$overwrite = Read-Host ' Splitted files already/still exist! Delete and overwrite?'
if ($overwrite -match "y") {
$overwrite = "true"
Remove-Item .\_split -force -recurse
$a = "`n Deleted existing splitted files!"
} elseif ($overwrite -match "n") {
$overwrite = "false"
$a = "`n Continuing with existing splitted files!"
} elseif ($overwrite -match "c") {
exit
} else {
Write-Host "`n Error: Invalid input!`n Type 'y' for 'yes'. Type 'n' for 'no'. Type 'c' for 'cancel'. `n`n`n"
}
}
}
Clear-Host
if ((Get-Item $input_file).Length -gt $split_size) {
while ($delete -ne "true" -and $delete -ne "false") {
"`n"
$delete = Read-Host ' Delete splitted files afterwards?'
if ($delete -match "y") {
$delete = "true"
$b = "`n Splitted files will be deleted afterwards!"
} elseif ($delete -match "n") {
$delete = "false"
$b = "`n Splitted files will not be deleted afterwards!"
} elseif ($delete -match "c") {
exit
} else {
Write-Host "`n Error: Invalid input!`n Type 'y' for 'yes'. Type 'n' for 'no'. Type 'c' for 'cancel'. `n`n`n"
}
}
Clear-Host
$a
$b
Write-Host `n This may take some time!
if ($overwrite -ne "false") {
New-Item -ItemType directory -Path ".\_split" >$null 2>&1
[Environment]::CurrentDirectory = Get-Location
$bytes = New-Object byte[] 4096
$in_file = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($input_file)
$file_count = 0
$finished = $false
while (!$finished) {
$file_count++
$bytes_to_read = $split_size
$out_file = New-Object System.IO.FileStream ".\_split\_split_$file_count.splt",CreateNew,Write,None
while ($bytes_to_read) {
$bytes_read = $in_file.Read($bytes, 0, [Math]::Min($bytes.Length, $bytes_to_read))
if (!$bytes_read) {
$finished = $true
break
}
$bytes_to_read -= $bytes_read
$out_file.Write($bytes, 0, $bytes_read)
}
$out_file.Dispose()
}
$in_file.Dispose()
}
$i++
while (Test-Path ".\_split\_split_$i.splt") {
$cur_file = (Get-Content ".\_split\_split_$i.splt")
$temp_count = ([regex]::Matches($cur_file, "$pattern")).Count
$match_count += $temp_count
$n = $i - 1
if (Test-Path ".\_split\_split_$n.splt") {
if ($cur_file.Length -ge $pattern.Length) {
$file_transition = $prev_file.Substring($prev_file.Length - ($pattern.Length - 1)) + $cur_file.Substring(0,($pattern.Length - 1))
} else {
$file_transition = $prev_file.Substring($prev_file.Length - ($pattern.Length - 1)) + $cur_file
}
$temp_count = ([regex]::Matches($file_transition, "$pattern")).Count
$match_count += $temp_count
}
$prev_file = $cur_file
$i++
}
} else {
$a
$match_count = ([regex]::Matches($input_file, "$pattern")).Count
}
if ($delete -eq "true") {
Remove-Item ".\_split" -Force -Recurse
}
if ($match_count -ge 1) {
Write-Host "`n`n String '$pattern' found:`n`n $match_count matches!"
} else {
Write-Host "`n`n String '$pattern' not found!"
}
Write-Host `n`n`n`n`n
Pause
This will split a large file into mutliple smaller files, search them for $pattern and count the matches (taking file transitions into account).
It also offers you to delete or keep the splitted files afterwards so you can reuse them and don't have to split the large file every time you run this script.
Why am i not able to use $_ inside of text as one can use other variables?
Get-ChildItem -Path $path -filter *.mp3 | foreach {
$count++;
write-host "File${count}=${_.Name}";
}
I know I can write it this way:
Get-ChildItem -Path $path -filter *.mp3 | foreach {
$count++;
write-host "File${count}=$($_.Name)";
}
When you write ${_.Name} you're actually asking for the variable named _.Name, not the Name property of the $_ variable.
PS > ${_.Name} = "test"
PS > Get-Variable _*
Name Value
---- -----
_.Name test
The reason $($_.Name) works is because $() means "process this first", so you can specify whatever you want inside. In this case you just specified a variable name and the property you wanted, but you could also make it more complex like:
PS > $a = 1
PS > "A's value is 1(true or false?): $(if($a -eq 1) { "This is TRUE!" } else { "This is FALSE!" })"
A's value is 1(true or false?): This is TRUE!
PS > $a = 2
PS > "A's value is 1(true or false?): $(if($a -eq 1) { "This is TRUE!" } else { "This is FALSE!" })"
A's value is 1(true or false?): This is FALSE!
How it is posible to fix this script?
Yes, I´m changing the collection in the foreach loop and this is the reason for this error.
An error occurred while enumerating through a collection: Collection was modified; enumeration operation may not execute..
At C:\Users\user\Documents\PowerShell\ChangeAllListsV2.ps1:47 char:20
+ foreach <<<< ($list in $webLists)
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (Microsoft.Share...on+SPEnumerator:SPEnumerator) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : BadEnumeration
#Script change in all lists the required field property "testfield" to false
#Part 0 - Configuration
$urlWebApp = "http://dev.sharepoint.com"
$countFound = 0
$countList = 0
$countFoundAndChange = 0
#Part 1 - PreScript
$snapin = Get-PSSnapin | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq "Microsoft.SharePoint.Powershell"}
if ($snapin -eq $null)
{
Write-Host “Loading SharePoint Powershell”
Add-PSSnapin Microsoft.SharePoint.Powershell
}
#Part 2 - Script
$webApp = Get-SPWebApplication $urlWebApp
#$webApp | fl
$webAppSites = $webApp.sites
foreach($site in $webAppSites)
{
Write-Host "***********************************************************************"
Write-Host "Found site: " $site -foreground blue
$siteAllWebs = $site.AllWebs
foreach($web in $siteAllWebs)
{
Write-Host "Found web: " $web -foreground blue
#$web | fl
$webLists = $web.Lists
foreach($list in $webLists)
{
$countList ++
Write-Host "Found list: " $list -foreground blue
#Change list property
$field = $Null
$field = $list.Fields["testfield"]
if($field){
Write-Host "Field found: " $list -foreground green
#Write-Host "in web: " $web -foreground green
$countFound ++
try{
if($field.Required)
{
#######################################################
$field.Required = $False
$field.Update()
#######################################################
$field = $Null
Write-Host "Done!: Change list: " $list -foreground green
$countFoundAndChange ++
}else{
Write-Host "Already!: Change list: " $list -foreground green
}
}
catch{
$field = $Null
Write-Host "Error!: Change list: " $list -foreground red
Write-Host "in web: " $web -foreground red
$_
}
}
}
}
}
Write-Host "Found lists: " $countList
Write-Host "Found lists with column [testfield]: " $countFound
Write-Host "Change lists with column [testfield]: " $countFoundAndChange
The SPListCollection tends to modify the collection when updating its properties (fields, event receivers, etc.). You can use a for-loop instead:
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $webLists.Count; $i++)
{
$list = $web.Lists[$i];
# ...
}
I know this is a pretty old thread. This is for anybody ending up to this page looking for an answer.
The idea is, like other answers suggest, to copy the collection (using the clone() method) to another and iterate "another" and modify the original variable inside the loop without having to use for in place of foreach:
A collection of type ArrayList:
[System.Collections.ArrayList]$collection1 = "Foo","bar","baz"
$($collection1.Clone()) | foreach {
$collection1.Remove("bar")
}
Output:
PS H:\> $collection1
Foo
baz
A collection of type Hashtable:
[System.Collections.Hashtable]$collection2 = #{
"Forum" = "Stackoverflow"
"Topic" = "PowerShell"
}
$($collection2.Clone())| foreach {
$collection2.Remove("Forum")
}
Output:
PS H:> $collection2
Name Value
---- -----
Topic PowerShell
And, a basic array:
[System.Array]$collection3 = 1, 2, 3, 4
$($collection3.Clone()) | foreach {
$collection3[$collection3.IndexOf($_)] = 10
}
Output:
PS H:\> $collection3
10
10
10
10
As long as your collection is not of fixed size.
You can try copying the collection you're currently iterating on to another collection (an array or a list) and then iterate on that new collection.
Something like this:
$collection = #(1, 2, 3, 4)
$copy = #($collection)
$collection[0] = 10
$collection -join " "
$copy -join " "
The code above gives the following output:
10 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
Note that the $copy variable refers to a different collection.
Check: http://soreddymanjunath.blogspot.in/2014/07/collection-was-modified-enumeration.html
Here is anonther example for same issue
if($web.IsMultilingual -eq $true )
{
foreach($cul in $web.SupportedUICultures)
{
if($cul.LCID -ne $webCul.LCID -and $cul.LCID -ne "1033")
{
$web.RemoveSupportedUICulture($cul)
}
}
$web.Update()
}
for the first time it will go through the loop foreach will remove supported culture for frist time, when it comes to loop for the second iteration then it will throw you the exception “Collection was modified; enumeration operation may not execute”,
Solution to Above problem is to Store to values to modified in a Arraylist and try to modify which will fix the problem, Here i am storing Arraylist called enumcul and inserting values into it and modifying it...
$enumcul=New-Object Collections.ArrayList
$i=0
if($web.IsMultilingual -eq $true )
{
foreach($cul in $web.SupportedUICultures)
{
if($cul.LCID -ne $webCul.LCID -and $cul.LCID -ne "1033")
{
$enumcul.Insert($i, $cul)
$i=$i+1
}
}
foreach( $k in $enumcul)
{
$web.RemoveSupportedUICulture($k)
$web.Update()
}