I was wondering if anyone knows why chromium based browsers trigger direct rendering manager on startup on Linux whereas Firefox for example doesn't seem to do that? This is what I see when starting chromium:
Dec 19 11:02:30 hp kernel: [drm] PCIE GART of 256M enabled (table at 0x000000F400000000).
Dec 19 11:02:31 hp kernel: [drm] UVD and UVD ENC initialized successfully.
Dec 19 11:02:31 hp kernel: [drm] VCE initialized successfully.
Related
I have an embedded computer system running Linux. Its SoC is an Intel E3845. I was able to find the datasheet.
If the power blinks, the device just reboots. What I want to detect is if the system experienced a power failure that caused it to reboot. There exists on page 4325 this register documentation
This appears to a register of a PCI device. Of interest is bit 16. The documentation seems to indicate this bit is set whenever the machine is running (S0 state) and the system power goes too low.
Running lspci indicates that the system management bus is at this address, along with a power control unit
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Power Control Unit (rev 11)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Atom Processor E3800 Series SMBus Controller (rev 11)
So I think I need to read one of these registers from /sys/bus/pci/devices.
# ls -l /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:00\:1f.0/resource*
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 8 22:53 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.0/resource
# ls -l /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:00\:1f.3/resource*
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4096 Nov 8 22:53 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.3/resource
-rw------- 1 root root 32 Nov 8 22:53 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.3/resource0
-rw------- 1 root root 32 Nov 8 22:53 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.3/resource4
Actually memory mapping one of these files & reading it should be simple. My questions are
Am I looking in the right place in /sys?
Which file do I need to read? The documentation is indicates an offset of [PMC_BASE_ADDRESS + 20h]. So do I read offset 32 bytes into one of these files?
Can I be sure that the boot loader or some other device is not clearing this bit by writing a 1 into this register? Is that a normal practice?
I been getting this error on my manjaro linux machine, here is some more info:
- Journal begins at Mon 2021-03-08 18:37:49 EET, ends at Tue 2021-03-09 16:21:19 EET. --
Mar 09 11:02:26 manjaro kernel: tpm_crb MSFT0101:00: can't request region for resource [mem 0xcfbb6000-0xcfbb9fff]
Mar 09 11:02:29 manjaro kernel: kfd kfd: STONEY not supported in kfd
Mar 09 11:02:32 manjaro systemd-backlight[1332]: Failed to get backlight or LED device 'backlight:acpi_video0': No such device
Mar 09 11:02:32 manjaro systemd[1]: Failed to start Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video0.
Subject: A start job for unit systemd-backlight#backlight:acpi_video0.service has failed
Defined-By: systemd
Support: https://forum.manjaro.org/c/support
A start job for unit systemd-backlight#backlight:acpi_video0.service has finished with a failure.
The job identifier is 1354 and the job result is failed.
Mar 09 11:02:32 manjaro systemd-backlight[1333]: Failed to get backlight or LED device 'backlight:acpi_video1': No such device
Mar 09 11:02:32 manjaro systemd[1]: Failed to start Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight:acpi_video1.
Subject: A start job for unit systemd-backlight#backlight:acpi_video1.service has failed
Defined-By: systemd
Support: https://forum.manjaro.org/c/support
A start job for unit systemd-backlight#backlight:acpi_video1.service has finished with a failure.
The job identifier is 1360 and the job result is failed.
I don't know if the kfd error it's happening because of the first error.
I would like to know what it actually means, where is it coming from, and how can I fix it?
And maybe a word on the systemd-backlight#backlight:acpi_video1.service error.
The setup i have:
Cpu:
AMD A9-9420 RADEON R5, 5 COMPUTE CORES 2C+3G, 2586 MHz
GPU:
ATI Stoney [Radeon R2/R3/R4/R5 Graphics]
4GB RAM, 250GB SSD
OS: Linux manjaro 5.9.16-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Mon Dec 21 22:00:46 UTC 2020 x86_64 GNU/Linux
I have an embedded computer that is running Linux 3.4, and there is not a way for me to upgrade to 4.x.y at the moment unfortunately.
I have compiled g_ether as a kernel module using the following configuration options:
CONFIG_USB_ETH=m
CONFIG_USB_ETH_RNDIS=y
The module compiles fine and I can load it once the system has booted with no issues:
[ 7.160000] DWC_otg: dwc_udc_start: g_ether
[ 7.168000] DWC_otg: bind to driver g_ether
[ 7.176000] DWC_otg: dwc_otg_pcd_alloc_request(e30171a4,208)
[ 7.184000] g_ether gadget: using random self ethernet address
[ 7.196000] usb0: MAC 52:e9:07:c2:0f:23
[ 7.204000] usb0: HOST MAC 82:cf:ce:fa:44:18
[ 7.212000] rndis_bind
[ 7.224000] DWC_otg: dwc_otg_pcd_alloc_request(e30171ec,208)
[ 7.232000] rndis_register: configNr = 0
[ 7.236000] rndis_set_param_medium: 0 0
[ 7.244000] DWC_otg: dwc_otg_pcd_alloc_request(e30171ec,208)
[ 7.252000] g_ether gadget: Ethernet Gadget, version: Memorial Day 2008
[ 7.264000] g_ether gadget: g_ether ready
[ 7.268000] DWC_otg: dwc_udc_start: registered gadget driver 'g_ether'
My goal is to connect this embedded computer to a Windows computer. When I connect the embedded computer, Windows initially shows the "device" in the Device Manager as working properly and then updates to show that it is not working with the error:
This device cannot start. (Code 10)
FWIW I have tried several different drivers on the Windows side, including the linux.inf referenced in the Linux USG Gadget documentation, several of the built-in drivers, and one driver I found on a forum.
From the Linux side, when I plug in the USB cord, I see the following output:
Aug 29 05:13:54 dot-8f2wktlxah kernel: [ 31.840000] g_ether gadget: init rndis
Aug 29 05:13:54 dot-8f2wktlxah kernel: [ 31.840000] g_ether gadget: RNDIS RX/TX early activation ...
Aug 29 05:13:54 dot-8f2wktlxah kernel: [ 32.116000] usb0: qlen 10
Aug 29 05:13:56 dot-8f2wktlxah kernel: [ 34.128000] g_ether gadget: rndis req21.00 v0000 i0000 l24
Aug 29 05:13:56 dot-8f2wktlxah kernel: [ 34.540000] g_ether gadget: rndis reqa1.01 v0000 i0000 l4096
This corresponds on the Windows side (via USBPcap):
1226 29734.081932 host 2.1.0 USBCOM 36 SEND ENCAPSULATED COMMAND Request
1227 29735.362932 2.1.0 host USBCOM 52 SEND ENCAPSULATED COMMAND Response
1228 29735.362932 2.1.0 host USB 28 GET STATUS Status
1229 29735.810932 2.1.2 host USBCOM 35 NETWORK CONNECTION
1230 29735.810932 host 2.1.0 USBCOM 36 GET ENCAPSULATED RESPONSE Request
The rndis req21 on the Linux side corresponds to the SEND ENCAPSULATED COMMAND on the Windows side, and the same is true for the rndis reqa1 and GET ENCAPSULATED RESPONSE.
There is no other output on either after those last response/requests.
I understand that Linux 3.4 is very out of date, but I don't have the option to upgrade since this is an embedded computer and thus I am beholden to the chip-maker to provide an update.
Has anyone successfully used the g_ether kernel module with Windows 7/8 and Linux 3.4, or know why these request/responses seem to just stop after that last GET ENCAPSULATED RESPONSE?
I create an VM instance. I can connect to it as soon ad the SSH Daemon is started. But this is too early because kernel startup is only at approx. 30%. Is there a gcloud or other API to get the VM state when the kernel has finished startup?
Nov 18 10:58:51 image-name google: No startup script found in metadata.
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 27.491829] aufs au_opts_verify:1570:docker[2414]: dirperm1 breaks the protection by the permission bits on the lower branch
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 27.703142] aufs au_opts_verify:1570:docker[2414]: dirperm1 breaks the protection by the permission bits on the lower branch
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 27.735867] aufs au_opts_verify:1570:docker[2414]: dirperm1 breaks the protection by the permission bits on the lower branch
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 27.771732] aufs au_opts_verify:1570:docker[2260]: dirperm1 breaks the protection by the permission bits on the lower branch
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 27.797540] device vethfa3ab85 entered promiscuous mode
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 27.804420] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): vethfa3ab85: link is not ready
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 28.028306] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): vethfa3ab85: link becomes ready
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 28.035505] docker0: port 1(vethfa3ab85) entered forwarding state
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 28.041963] docker0: port 1(vethfa3ab85) entered forwarding state
Nov 18 10:58:53 image-name kernel: [ 28.048532] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): docker0: link becomes ready
Nov 18 10:58:54 image-name kernel: [ 28.980082] IPv6: eth0: IPv6 duplicate address fe80::42:acff:fe11:1 detected!
->>> about here I can SSH to the server
Nov 18 10:59:08 image-name kernel: [ 43.068094] docker0: port 1(vethfa3ab85) entered forwarding state
Nov 18 10:59:53 image-name kernel: [ 87.944452] aufs au_opts_verify:1570:docker[2864]: dirperm1 breaks the protection by the permission bits on the lower branch
Nov 18 10:59:53 image-name kernel: [ 88.001012] aufs au_opts_verify:1570:docker[2864]: dirperm1 breaks the protection by the permission bits on the lower branch
Nov 18 10:59:53 image-name kernel: [ 88.049510] aufs au_opts_verify:1570:docker[2815]: dirperm1 breaks the protection by the permission bits on the lower branch
->>> I want to know about this point in the startup process
My problem is that I can connect to it using SSH when kernel progress is below 30% and some processes are not yet started. I want to detect somehow if the server has completed startup. Or is there a script that can push to the server (through the GCE APIs) to notify me when a server is completely up?
gcloud compute instances describe image-name does return the same output from the moment the instance is started till the kernel startup is complete.
(In my case I use the Node.js GCE API, but this should not make any difference.)
Presently I am not aware of any such google native API that can provide a progress of instance start.
However this is a quick workaround check if this fits your requirement.
You can either use the Google Startup script or the native linux rc.local. The concept is the same, so explaining it for the case of rc.local [as it is generic and not tied to google]
We know that the last process in a bootup sequence that runs is rc.local. Any command or script or call that is in this rc.local [which is a sh or bash script by itself] will be executed at the end of boot process.
So the idea would be in the google image in case of rc.local, have a script or a call which send your a notification or writes a output to central system like KV or cloud storage the state that bootup is all done.
Similar to Kamran, but here is how I get this done. It depends on using a google startup script and an image where gcloud is installed by default (though you could rework this to just use curl and API calls)
On instance creation/configuration, I set a custom metadata flag: serverready=False
At the end of my google startup script, I have this:
sudo gcloud compute instances add-metadata $(hostname) \
--metadata serverready=True \
--zone $(curl \
"http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/zone" \
-H "Metadata-Flavor: Google"|cut -d/ -f4)
When I run the instance creation, I can just poll the metadata for the serverready key, and set my app to wait until it sees serverready=True
My background is mostly Windows programming in C and C++. Recently I've had the chance to work with some embedded Linux systems also, but I'm still new at this.
Right now I'm working on a utility for Openwrt that needs to react to network and system events that occur during normal operation.
I've been able to use Hotplug for some events, but others still elude me. I can parse the output of the system log using logread, but that seems primitive and hackish.
In particular I'd like to get a callback similar to what hotplug does for some of the 'kern.info kernel' and 'daemon.info' events. For example:
Mar 31 19:42:32 OpenWrt kern.info kernel: [ 369.540000] device wlan0 left promiscuous mode
Mar 31 19:42:32 OpenWrt kern.info kernel: [ 369.540000] br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered disabled state
Mar 31 19:42:32 OpenWrt kern.info kernel: [ 369.730000] device wlan1 left promiscuous mode
Mar 31 19:42:32 OpenWrt kern.info kernel: [ 369.730000] br-lan: port 3(wlan1) entered disabled state
Mar 31 19:42:34 OpenWrt kern.info kernel: [ 371.360000] device wlan0 entered promiscuous mode
Mar 31 19:45:56 OpenWrt daemon.info hostapd: wlan0: STA 04:f7:e4:00:00:00 IEEE 802.11: authenticated
Mar 31 19:45:56 OpenWrt daemon.info hostapd: wlan0: STA 04:f7:e4:00:00:00 IEEE 802.11: associated (aid 1)
Mar 31 19:45:56 OpenWrt daemon.info hostapd: wlan0: STA 04:f7:e4:00:00:00 WPA: pairwise key handshake completed (WPA)
Mar 31 19:45:56 OpenWrt daemon.info hostapd: wlan0: STA 04:f7:e4:00:00:00 WPA: group key handshake completed (WPA)
Mar 31 19:45:56 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPREQUEST(br-lan) 10.1.1.51 04:f7:e4:00:00:00
Mar 31 19:45:56 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPNAK(br-lan) 10.1.1.51 04:f7:e4:00:00:00 wrong network
Mar 31 19:46:00 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPDISCOVER(br-lan) 04:f7:e4:00:00:00
Mar 31 19:46:00 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPOFFER(br-lan) 192.168.1.198 04:f7:e4:1c:09:00
Mar 31 19:46:00 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPDISCOVER(br-lan) 04:f7:e4:1c:09:00
Mar 31 19:46:00 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPOFFER(br-lan) 192.168.1.198 04:f7:e4:1c:09:00
Mar 31 19:46:01 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPREQUEST(br-lan) 192.168.1.198 04:f7:e4:1c:09:00
Mar 31 19:46:01 OpenWrt daemon.info dnsmasq-dhcp[5005]: DHCPACK(br-lan) 192.168.1.198 04:f7:e4:1c:09:00 My-iPhone
Log entries like the DHCPOFFER (as seen in your example) are generated individually by the corresponding process (for example, by udhcpc) using the Unix syslog mechanism (kind-of like the Windows Event Logging API)
By default on OpenWRT logging is handled by the syslogd process provided by the busybox package. This is fairly primitive and simply sends messages to the circular buffer you see using logread and/or to a UDP socket.
You can upgrade logging on OpenWRT to use the syslog-ng package. This has a much more advanced configuration and you should be able to use this to send filtered log events to a script that you can write to do what you need with them.
opkg install syslog-ng
syslog-ng is a GPL product but the documentation is now buried beneath a commercial web site, one would hope you can get it from the source code , via http://freecode.com/projects/syslog-ng. Note that OpenWRT seems to provide version 1.6.12 which I had trouble finding the documentation for when I implemented it on my OpenWRT devices, but eventually I found it via the wayback machine: https://web.archive.org/web/20070406054439/http://www.balabit.com/products/syslog_ng/reference-1.6/syslog-ng.html/x731.html (for example)
A configuration file fragment that would pull out those DHCP messages and send them to a standalone log file would look a bit like:
source src { unix-stream("/dev/log"); internal(); };
destination dhcp_messages { file("/var/log/dhcpmessages"); };
filter f_dhcp { match("dnsmasq-dhcp"); };
log {
source(src);
filter(f_dhcp);
destination(dhcp_messages);
};
You might probably find the pipe() or program() destination drivers the most useful for your application. For example, using a program() driver you could send selected messages to a shell script that parses them and saves them into a sqlite database.