Variable is empty when passed to bash [duplicate] - linux

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How to cat <<EOF >> a file containing code?
(5 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
I'm trying to create a script file using substitution string from ENV but want also to prevent some from escaping
export PLACEHOLDER1="myPlaceholder1Value"
sudo /bin/su -c "cat << EOF > /etc/init.d/my-script
#!/bin/bash
myvariable_1=toto$PLACEHOLDER1
myvariable_final=\"dynamicvar=\${myvariable_1},\${myvariable_2}\"
EOF
"
It results in which is not good as the myvariable_final are not escaped and substituted as the one from the init script dependencies ($remote_fs, $syslog, $network, $time)
#!/bin/bash
myvariable_1=totomyPlaceholder1Value
myvariable_2=titimyPlaceholder2Value
myvariable_final="dynamicvar=,"
If i try to put a backslash \ behind the dollars $, I manage to avoid the substitution but I getting an unwanted backslash \:
export PLACEHOLDER1="myPlaceholder1Value"
export PLACEHOLDER2="myPlaceholder2Value"
sudo /bin/su -c "cat << EOF > /etc/init.d/my-script
#!/bin/bash
myvariable_1=toto$PLACEHOLDER1
myvariable_2=titi$PLACEHOLDER2
myvariable_final=\"dynamicvar=\$\{myvariable_1},\$\{myvariable_2}\"
EOF
"
results in:
#!/bin/bash
myvariable_1=totomyPlaceholder1Value
myvariable_2=titimyPlaceholder2Value
myvariable_final="dynamicvar=$\{myvariable_1},$\{myvariable_2}"
Wanted/attended result whould have been :
#!/bin/bash
myvariable_1=totomyPlaceholder1Value
myvariable_2=titimyPlaceholder2Value
myvariable_final="dynamicvar=${myvariable_1},${myvariable_2}"
solved by putting quote around the EOF as below and using backslash to control the escaping when needed
export PLACEHOLDER1="myPlaceholder1Value"
export PLACEHOLDER2="myPlaceholder2Value"
sudo /bin/su -c "cat << 'EOF' > /etc/init.d/my-script
#!/bin/bash
myvariable_1=toto$PLACEHOLDER1
myvariable_2=titi$PLACEHOLDER2
myvariable_final=\"dynamicvar=\${myvariable_1},\${myvariable_2}\"
EOF
"

Answer 1

Just use 'EOF' to prevent the variable from expanding:
sudo /bin/su -c "cat << 'EOF' > /etc/init.d/my-script
# ^ ^
From man bash:
Here Documents
This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
current source until a line containing only delimiter (with no
trailing blanks) is seen. All of the lines read up to that point are
then used as the standard input for a command.
The format of here-documents is:
<<[-]word
here-document
delimiter
No parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion,
or pathname expansion is performed on word. If any characters in word
are quoted, the delimiter is the result of quote removal on word, and
the lines in the here-document are not expanded. If word is
unquoted, all lines of the here-document are subjected to parameter
expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion. In the
latter case, the character sequence \<newline> is ignored, and \
must be used to quote the characters \, $, and `.

Answer 2

when using the su command put the command itself in sigle quotes and just escape the $ with a backslash. the placeholder variables has to set in command bash context (here after su). so you need to do sth like
su -c 'ph="ph"; cat << EOF > script
varinscript=$ph
var=\${var}
EOF'