Find most common lotto numbers - excel

Question

For each lotto game, there is six numbers drawn in excel columns E-J. My target is to list and sort most frequent numbers drawn in rage of E2:J27. How is that possible using formula? I've tried many formulas and MODE method doesn't working.
I've tried:
=MODE(IF(ISERROR(MATCH($E$2:$J$27,D$30:D30,0)),$E$2:$J$27))
or
=IFERROR(MODE(IF(COUNTIF(D$30:D30,$E$2:$J$27)={0},$E$2:$J$27)),"")
End result should look like:
Number
Draws
12
14
24
17

Answer 1

You can try something like this for example:
=LET(flatten, TEXTSPLIT(TEXTJOIN(";",,A1:F27),,";"),
numUq, UNIQUE(flatten), matches, XMATCH(flatten,numUq),
SORT(HSTACK(numUq, DROP(FREQUENCY(matches, UNIQUE(matches)),-1)),2,-1)
)
A second approach using COUNTIF is the following:
=LET(rng, A1:F27, counts, COUNTIF(rng,UNIQUE(rng)),
flattenNums, TEXTSPLIT(TEXTJOIN(";",,rng),,";"),
flattenCnts, TEXTSPLIT(TEXTJOIN(";",,counts),,";"),
SORT(UNIQUE(HSTACK(flattenNums, flattenCnts)),2,-1)
)
Note: See note at the end, both solutions can be simplified replacing TEXTSPLIT (O365 version 2022) with TOCOL (O365 2021 version). If for your excel version HSTACK is not available (O365 2022 version), you can use CHOOSE instead (here is explained how).
and here is the output:
Note: Highlighted number 6 (highest number of draws [8]) and 45 (4) for testing purpose of my sample (generated using ROUND(49*RAND(),0)).
Explanation
First Solution
Using LET for easy reading and composition. We define the following variables. We flatten the input to be able to obtain unique Lotto numbers in the range:
flatten, TEXTSPLIT(TEXTJOIN(";",,A1:F27),,";")
Then the unique numbers:
numUq, UNIQUE(flatten)
Then the matches we have based on unique numbers:
matches, XMATCH(flatten,numUq)
With the matches we can calculate the frequency (we cannot use COUNTIF because it expects as input argument a range and we have an array).
Now we are ready to calculate the frequency via FREQUENCY of the matches found:
FREQUENCY(matches, UNIQUE(matches))
We use DROP to remove the last row of the result. It represents the last bins (number greater than the highest count, which out of our range numbers, so we don't need it).
Finally HSTACK to combine all the information and to SORT by descending draws.
Second Solution
Simpler, but I found it latter. I realized we can use COUNTIF first (using a range, and flatten it latter), for both numbers and counts. Repeated numbers will appear more than once with the same count, so we just need to remove such rows via UNIQUE.
Notes:
For some of the functions used here (TEXTSPLIT, DROP, HSTACK, etc.). Please check Function availability for your Excel version or here organized by version.
As #Max pointed out in the comment. Flatten a range can be simplified via TOCOL so expressions like this: TEXTSPLIT(TEXTJOIN(";",,rng),,";") can be simplified as follow: TOCOL(rng).