I am trying to boot an appliance to a USB drive and the provided configuration file for the syslinux.cfg file seems to have some error in it. Is there any way to validate a syslinux.cfg file and its syntax or anyone smart on here that might be able to check why this seems to not work? After booting, we received the following error:
SYSLINUX 4.04 EDD 2011-04-18 Copyright (C) 1994-2011 H. Peter Anvin et al
Unknown keyword in configuration file: 1
No DEFAULT or UI configuration directive found!
boot:
This is the configuration we have inside the syslinux.cfg file. I've tried multiple formatting options of my USB drive, including FAT32 and FAT16. I've tried renaming folders as prescribed by other articles (although I don't think there is a file referencing issue, because, because otherwise how would it know that there is an unknown keyword in the configuration file?).
SERIAL 1 38400 CONSOLE 1 default vmlinuz0 initrd=initrd0.img root=live:CDLABEL=LIVE rootfstype=vfat ro liveimg quiet rhgb rd.luks=0 rd.md=0 rd.dm=0 serial text console=ttyS1,38400n8
We are following instructions from a vendor on how to boot to a USB to recover this appliance, but I don't get the strong feeling that they understand what's going on, so I thought I'd see if anyone could weigh in on why it cannot find a DEFAULT or UI configuration directive, despite the "default vmlinuz0" line being right there.
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I am trying to set up Linux IMA in RHEL with the help of this guide http://linux-ima.sourceforge.net/linux-ima-content.html-20110907 . I would like to set up the system such that sensitive files of my choosing are remeasured if the file has changed (I'm stuck in the section relating to re-measuring files). My /etc/fstab looks like this:
UUID=c8dbe0a9-8c0c-4aba-adff-bcf2dd4640da / ext4,iversion defaults 1 1
UUID=b1762b74-d517-4293-8b49-cdc06b94d78c /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
UUID=8c6b8003-7176-4cf4-ae23-a124f8768c36 swap swap defaults 0 0
When I check the measurement list, in /sys/kernel/security/ima/ascii_runtime_measurements I only see one entry as below:
10 3f0d6c1e772444096d975aba704a10e4820eabab ima 7b739f0b35c61d68bd664d352b6631c366aee34f boot_aggregate
I do not observe any other measurements showing up, even if I change some files in /etc/ or do other actions. Any thoughts on what could be going wrong?
You should provide the kernel with an ima policy.
"ima_tcb" is the default policy which can be specified as command line argument to the kernel (https://sourceforge.net/p/linux-ima/wiki/Home/#controlling-ima).
If you need to specify your own policy, you should put it into <securityfs>/ima/policy (https://sourceforge.net/p/linux-ima/wiki/Home/#defining-an-lsm-specific-policy).
I wrote a basic character driver for beagle-bone which prints two message in 1 second interval via a workqueue and a tasklet using printk.
At first i build it as module driver, generated .ko file, load it using insmod command and the print is coming when viewed via dmesg.
Then i built as inbuilt driver and load the uImage and after bootup i checked the dmesg prints. But there is no prints.
In the .config file
CONFIG_MY_DRIVER=y
So its taken as built in driver i think.
How can i confirm whether its actually built in the final image. No error was reported while building.
Is there any additional steps to be done for loading the build in driver.
Please pardon me if i went wrong on any basics. I am really new to linux.
This means that you added it probably somewhere to Kconfig file:
"CONFIG_MY_DRIVER=y"
but, Have you added it to Makefile? It works like that, then kernel during a building an Image, takes all of this directives "CONFIG_*" and use it to build particular source files from Makefile.
Example:
cat fs/ext2/Makefile
ext2-$(CONFIG_EXT2_FS_SECURITY) += xattr_security.o
cat fs/ext2/Kconfig
config EXT2_FS_SECURITY
bool "Ext2 Security Labels"
depends on EXT2_FS_XATTR
so in this example above if your source file is xattr_security.c then you should get xattr_security.o file in fs/ext2 dir, when this is build. You should also see it if your file is build, during a compilation process.
I’m trying to setup SMACK on my system but am having some strange problems.
I have SMACK turned on in my kernel and have added the line:
smackfs /smack smackfs smackfsdef=* 0 0
to my /etc/fstab file. SMACK seems to be enforcing labelled subject/object access as expected. But when I create new files the files do not have the labels of the creating process. Instead the labels are blank.
My kernel version is 3.4.36. My kernel config includes:
CONFIG_NETLABEL=y
CONFIG_SECURITY_NETWORK=y
CONFIG_SECURITY_SMACK=y
CONFIG_DEFAULT_SECURITY_SMACK=y
CONFIG_DEFAULT_SECURITY="smack"
Found the answer to my own question. The yaffs2 file system that my device runs on does not fully support extended attributes for newly created files.
I use a NASMT Q700 QNAP NAS. For remote monitoring purposes i want to read some values and save them into a database.
Since the web-interface is very complex and full of javascript, i can not scrape it. So I tried to connect to the NAS with SSH.
Which is great, because SSH is one of the methods, that i can connect with automatically with c# and I get back text that I can parse.
The installed Linux system on the box is a :
Linux NASMT 2.6.33.2 #1 Fri Mar 7 11:55:22 CST 2014 armv5tel unknown
I tried to reach my goal:
man is not installed.
smartctl is not installed. (Google told me to try this out)
I went into the /bin and /usr/bin directories and tried everything suspecious. There seems to be a program called nasutil installed. Only that it is not very self documenting. Various calls with different parameters did not work, i always get the same answer:
nasutil multi-call binary
[function] [arguments]...
Current defined functions:
init_nas_cache, init_admin_group, set_file_owner, chk_flash, reset_all, chk10198, get_trusted_domain, update_krb5_ticket
rescan_hd, check_e2key, burn_e2key, cnt_phy_nic, http_link, ip_filter, hdusb_copy, ims, qpkg, gen_upnp_desc, scanafpdb
eset_system, umount_all_vdd, sss_convert, httpd_init, get_hwsn, get_suid, setsum, getsum, rsyslog_util, radius_util, send_alert_mail, rsync_util
acl_cmd check_ldap clean_reset_pwd network_boot_rescan
I used google on this one but could not find anything useful.
I am looking for a command on this linux system without smartctl to give me a list of the installed hard drives with their SMART status.
Has anyone an idea?
Thank you very much in advance!
actually, I was able to find the answer using email and contacts at Fujitsu.
The answer was simple as can be:
# get_hd_smartinfo -d 1
1 is disk 1. Replace with 2 if want to check disk 2.
I did not test it yet, as soon as I have, i'll accept the answer for everyone to see.
I have written a small program to detect whenever a device is mounted on a desktop running Linux. I have used GIO for this. I am extracting the URI of the mounted resource and displaying it to the user. When I put in a CD I get a URI string which looks like file:///media/cdrom0/ which I can understand. But when I mount an iPod the URI I see is something like gphoto2://[usb:002,028]. What does this mean? I have observed that the second number (028) keeps increasing every time I take the device out and plug it back in. Can some one interpret this URI for me?
Update: As shodanex answered, the two numbers are the bus number and device number respectively. gphoto2:// indicates the protocol (PTP/MTP).
gphoto2://[usb:002,028]
I guess 002 is the bus number, and 28 is the adress of the device on that bus.
It maps to the second and fourth field of the lsusb util output. Here is an example
on my system :
Bus 001 Device 015: ID 05e3:0715 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB 2.0 microSD Reader
I guess it would translate to :
usb:001,015
I have these kinds of URL's in Nautilus too, but the other response doesn't explain how that relates to a mount location on disk. I can navigate through the files on an SD card via the Nautilus file browser, but I don't see any of these files in /mnt/ or /media/ or anywhere else I would typically look for automatically mounted file systems.
Eventually I tried right-clicking the folder, selecting "Open with other application," choosing a text editor, and then I could see that the folder was actually mounted at:
'~/.gvfs/gphoto2 mount on usb%3A001,010'
I wish Nautilus and other tools in ubuntu would provide some more obvious way to find these files... this seems pretty un-intuitive.