How to print out a byte variable in Rust - rust

Question

I am currently working on a cryptography project and I am new to Rust, and I am pretty confused on how to print out these public and private keys right now.
Goal: Print out the private and public key so I can see it.
Rust Code
pub use pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::{
public_key_bytes as public_key_bytes,
secret_key_bytes as secret_key_bytes,
signature_bytes as signature_bytes,
verify_detached_signature as verify_detached_signature,
detached_sign as detached_sign,
keypair as keypair,
open as open,
sign as sign,
};
fn main () {
let (public_key, private_key) = keypair();
// Print variable here...
}
Cargo.toml
[package]
name = "project"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"
# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
[dependencies]
pqcrypto-dilithium = "0.4.5"
Error
error[E0277]: `pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::PublicKey` doesn't implement `Debug`
--> src\main.rs:14:23
|
14 | println!("{:#?}", public_key)
| ^^^^^^^^^^ `pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::PublicKey` cannot be formatted using `{:?}` because it doesn't implement `Debug`
|
= help: the trait `Debug` is not implemented for `pqcrypto_dilithium::dilithium5::PublicKey`
= note: this error originates in the macro `$crate::format_args_nl` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
Run this code using cargo run

Answer 1

In order to print an instance of any type with the {:?} formatting placeholder, the type has to implement the Debug trait. This trait tells rust how to display the contents of the instance.
Neither PublicKey nor SecretKey types directly implement Debug. However, both of them have methods that expose slices of u8 containing the keys: the as_bytes method.
Note that the as_bytes() method is part of a trait, pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey. In order to use trait methods you need to have the trait in scope, so you have to use it in your source file.
Slices implement Debug as long as the slice elements implement Debug, which u8 does, so you can print a u8 slice.
use pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey;
//...
println!("Public key: {:#?}", public_key.as_bytes());

Answer 2

The solution for me was the following
Adding pqcrypto-traits = "0.3.4" to Cargo.toml, and saving the .toml file.
Using pub use pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey;, and saving the .rs file.
If you get problems with Sha256::new(), put pub use pqcrypto_traits::sign::PublicKey; under that line. This is what worked for me.