Use of underscore _ in strings translations - string

I believe that it is used to determine which keyboards shortcut will be used and in this example underscore defines that (even though I'm not 100% positive about that).
Let's say there is a string on weblate like this:
make all _uppercase
Does that mean that there will be e.g. ctrl+u keyboard shortcut for this command or some defined key + u?
If that's correct, I have following question, what should be done if for some reason there is no "u" letter in corresponding translated phrase?
Should it be translated without using underscore?
I've seen use of something like (_u) after translated sentence,
"corresponding phrase in other language (_u)"
Is it ok to do it like that?

Related

Nodejs equivalent of c sscanf

I need a function that behaves similar to the behavior of sscanf
For example, let's suppose we have a format string that looks like this (the function I'm looking for doesn't have to be exactly like this, but something similar)
"This is normal text that has to exactly match, but here is a ${var}"
And have return/modify a variable to look like
{'var': <whatever was there>}
After researching this for a while, the only things I could actually find was scanf, but that takes input form stdin, and not a string
I am aware that there is a regex solution for this, but I'm looking for a function that does this without the need for regex (regex is slow). However, if there is no other solution for this, I will accept a regex solution.
The normal solution for this in most languages that have regular expressions built-in is to use regular expressions.
If you're not used to or don't like regular expressions I'm sorry. Most of the programming world have assumed that knowledge of regular expressions is mandatory.
In any case. The normal solution to this is string.prototype.match:
let text = get_string_to_scan();
let match = text.match(/This is normal text that has to exactly match, but here is a (.+)/);
if (match) { // match is null if no match is found
// The result you want is in match[1]
console.log('value of var is:', match[1]);
}
What pattern you put in your capture group (the (..) part) depends on what you want. The code above captures anything at all including spaces and special characters.
If you just want to capture a "word", that is, printable characters without spaces, then you can use (\w+):
text.match(/This is normal text that has to exactly match, but here is a (\w+)/)
If you want to capture a word with only letters but not numbers you can use ([a-zA-Z]+):
text.match(/This is normal text that has to exactly match, but here is a ([a-zA-Z]+)/)
The flexibility of regular expression is why other methods of string scanning are usually not supported in languages that have had regular expression built-in since the beginning. But of course, flexibility comes with complexity.
Do you mean to have the ${var} to act as a placeholder? If so you could do it by replacing the " with the backtick:
console.log(`This is normal text that has to exactly match, but here is a ${"whatever was there"}`)

Vim: Substitute only in syntax-selected text areas

The exact problem: I have a source in C++ and I need to replace a symbol name to some other name. However, I need that this replace the symbol only, not accidentally the same looking word in comments or text in "".
The source information what particular language section it is, is enough defined in the syntax highlighting rules. I know they can fail sometimes, but let's state this isn't a problem. I need some way to walk through all found occurrences of the phrase, then check in which section it is found, and if it's text or comment, this phrase should be skipped. Otherwise the replacement should be done either immediately, or by asking first, depending on well known c flag.
What I imagine would be at least theoretically possible is:
Having a kinda "callback" when doing substitution (called for each phrase found, and requesting the answer whether to substitute or not), or extract the list of positions where the phrase has been found, then iterate through all of them
Extract the name of the current "hi-linked" syntax highlighting rule, which is used to color the text at given position
Is it at all possible within the current features of vim?
Yes, with a :help sub-replace-expression, you can evaluate arbitrary expressions in the replacement part of :substitute. Vim's synID() and synstack() functions allow you to get the current syntax element.
Luc Hermitte has an implementation that omits replacement inside strings, here. You can easily adapt this to your use case.
With the help of my ingo-library plugin, you can define a short predicate function, e.g. matching comments and constants (strings, numbers, etc.):
function! CommentOrConstant()
return ingo#syntaxitem#IsOnSyntax(getpos('.'), '^\%(Comment\|Constant\)$')
endfunction
My PatternsOnText plugin now provides a :SubstituteIf command that works like :substitute, but also takes a predicate expression. With that, it's very easy to do a replacement anywhere except in comments or constants:
:%SubstituteIf/pattern/replacement/g !CommentOrConstant()

Uppercase function but for non alphabetic characters in LUA?

I know that there exists String.upper for the alphabet, but I'm looking for the shift version rather than the alphabetic version, such as the "uppercase" of the semicolon would be the colon. When I attempt to google I get irrelevant results about string.upper.
I think the best way to handle this would be a lookup table, for example:
local with_shift = {
["1"] = "!",
["2"] = "#",
["3"] = "#",
}
I haven't been able to find an existing table of this, but I'm sure one exists somewhere.
If you are using that for input, you can always check that both the ',' key and the shift key are pressed at the same time - and then execute whatever code you wanted to do.
As others are saying, keyboard layouts are not universal. In a French keyboard, for example, you have to press shift in order to get a '1' when pressing the '1' key in the "top" number row (it defaults to symbols). Neither LÖVE nor Lua know all the keyboard layouts available, and even if they did you could be using a custom-made one (I in fact use one on my computer).

How to find which key is pressed, not which character it will be?

I need to find out which key was pressed, not what character it would be.
For example, I want after pressing 'a' a number such (1) create so I can map it to other languages. In common way we can find it is 'a' or we can have it's hash code, but is it possible to have char or hash code in a language and find out what char or hash code it would be in another language?
Attention some language have not the standard keyboard so pressing a key not mean a certain character.
There's no reason to do this in any language i've seen.
(besides the fact that you didn't specify in which language you are trying to achieve this)
All languages allow you to get the character code from a keypress.
If you know which encoding was used (UTF 8, Ascii, you name it), it's trivial to map the code to the actual character.
Assigning a different keyboard layout on OS level means that it no longer matters which keyboard layout you are using.
if you have a QWERTY keyboard, switch it to AZERTY and press the button where the q would be, you get an a, despite the letters on the keyboard still saying QWERTY.
If you are using a chinese keyboard, the characters no longer map to any western set, so the character codes will not match up with UTF8 or ASCII, but CP963 (or another chinese codepage, depending on several factors), which is so different there is no real way to translate it to UTF8 or ASCII.

What is the use case of marks?

Both Sublime Text 2 and VIM have a feature called marks. However, I've not been able to find a use case for it. It feels like everything you can do with it can also be done with other things, often even better.
So the question is: what is the use case of marks?
If you mean marking text lines as in vim, I use it quite a bit.
For example, if you want to quickly go look at something else, you can use ma to mark the current line as a, then go check out something else in the file, then return to where you were with a simple 'a.
Similarly, if you want to delete an unknown number of lines between your current position and somewhere else, use ma, go to that "somewhere else, and just use d'a.
There are many more things you can do with them (such as changing text between your current position and a mark), those two are just the most common ones I use (and I use them a lot).

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