Excel search upwards from cell for first result meeting a criteria - excel

Question

Alright I have a bit of a weird problem:
I have a store, that sells Cookies, Cakes and Wine.
I also have a report on excel for what products were sold in a day. Looks something like this:
| ID | Product Name | Quantity Sold |
| --- |--- | --- |
| Cookies| | |
| 1 |Ginderbread | 2 |
| 2 |Chocolate chip| 5 |
| 3 |Cookie type C | 1|
| Cakes | | |
From this report my goal is to get a table looking like this:
| ID | Name | Quantity Sold | Category |
| --- |--- | --- | --- |
All I need to do is get the Category from above the records, to inside the records.
However, there's 1 restriction: I can't manually enter the Category. I must use some formula to find out what the category is.
1 idea I have thought of is to use a VLookup with the range being from the first row to the current row. But having trouble figuring out making it search for "Cookies", "Cakes" and "Wine" all at once then returning whichever it finds first (from bottom up)
Should be noted neither Product Name or ID are unique keys. Yes, I hate it as much as you do.

Answer 1

Assuming all your ID's are unique:
For the ID column:
=FILTER(A:A,ISNUMBER(A:A))
For the Name column:
=VLOOKUP(E2,$A:$S,2) (and fill down)
For the Category Column:
=LET(x,FILTER($A$1:INDEX($A:$A,MATCH(E2,$A:$A,0)),$A$2:INDEX($A:$A,1+MATCH(E2,$A:$A,0))="ID"),y,COUNTA(x),INDEX(x,y))
(and fill down)
To return the category
MATCH the Id number to get the last row number to check in the first column
Create a filter that only returns the row which says ID
Use that filter criteria against a range that is offset by one (up) which will return an array of just the categories
Return the last item in that array