I don't know how to implement this problem:
I have this private AKS cluster with 4 microservices (.net5) and a frontend. These 4 microservices talk to each other via HTTP requests using their public IP addresses (not good because I want them to have only a private endpoint, like microservicename.api.my-namespace.svc.cluster-domain.example).
Frontend (that has a public DNS and IP) should then be able to request a main API in that private endpoint.
I need to implement a solution to this, and also I feel like that communicating between microservices via HTTP requests on a certain endpoint is not a good design pattern, so I wanted some suggestions on this aspect also.
Many thanks
• You can use the Azure Private Link Service in this case to establish communication between the private AKS cluster and the frontend through the private endpoint that will be exposed in the subnet of the private AKS cluster.
• The Private Link service is supported on Standard Azure Load Balancer only. Basic Azure Load Balancer isn't supported. To use a custom DNS server, add the Azure DNS IP 168.63.129.16 as the upstream DNS server in the custom DNS server.
• You can create a private AKS cluster consisting of the four microservices using the below command with a private DNS zone or a custom private DNS zone: -
‘az aks create -n -g --load-balancer-sku standard --enable-private-cluster --enable-managed-identity --assign-identity --private-dns-zone [system|none]’ – with a private DNS zone (system for default value & none for public DNS zone)
‘az aks create -n -g --load-balancer-sku standard --enable-private-cluster --enable-managed-identity --assign-identity --private-dns-zone --fqdn-subdomain ’
• If the Private DNS Zone is in a different subscription than the AKS cluster, you need to register Microsoft.ContainerServices in both the subscriptions. Additionally, you will need a user assigned identity or service principal with at least the private dns zone contributor and vnet contributor roles. "fqdn-subdomain" can be utilized with "CUSTOM_PRIVATE_DNS_ZONE_RESOURCE_ID" only to provide subdomain capabilities to privatelink..azmk8s.io
• Next, you would need to use a VM that has access to the AKS cluster's Azure Virtual Network (VNet). There are several options for establishing network connectivity to the private cluster such as create a VM in the same Azure Virtual Network (VNet) as the AKS cluster or use a VM in a separate network and set up Virtual network peering. Thus, you can create a private link with a private endpoint for the four microservices in the private AKS cluster and provide connection to the frontend API.
Please refer the below link for more details: -
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/private-clusters
Related
I am not able to understand the difference between service endpoints and private endpoints clearly.
Need help preferably with an example.
You might have seen this in the Private Link FAQ:
Private Endpoints grant network access to specific resources behind a given service providing granular segmentation. Traffic can reach the service resource from on premises without using public endpoints.
A Service Endpoint remains a publicly routable IP address. A Private Endpoint is a private IP in the address space of the virtual network where the private endpoint is configured.
For simplicity, let's take the view of a VM in a VNET connecting to a storage account in the same subscription and same Azure region. There are three ways to connect.
Default
By default all traffic goes against the public endpoint of the storage account. Source IP of the traffic is the Public IP of the VM.
Service Endpoints
Traffic is still directed against the public endpoint of the storage account but the source IP has changed to the private IP of the VM. In fact, the traffic is also using the VNET and Subnet as source in the network dataframe.
Private Endpoints
The PaaS service now gets a virtual network interface inside the subnet and traffic from the VM to the storage account is now directed against the private IP address.
By far the best collection of useful information around Private Link that I have seen on the web is in this repository: https://github.com/dmauser/PrivateLink
You can also find some examples here: https://jeffbrown.tech/azure-private-service-endpoint/
Right now I'm creating some private endpoints for a number of Azure Storage services. There are two storage accounts, for the first I create a blob endpoint and a queue endpoint. For the second account I create a blob endpoint and a dfs endpoint.
When I try connecting to the endpoints from a machine outside of the VNET using the regular connection strings (that now point to the privatelink resources), I seem to not be able to reach the resource as expected. Trying to connect to it from a VM and an AKS cluster within the same VNET as the private endpoints, I am able to connect.
If these are basically my only use cases, and I'm ok using the default names to connect to the private endpoint resources, is it OK to not create a private DNS zone?
It is a bit unclear to me from the documentation whether this is a necessity.
By using private link you create an endpoint into your vnet/subnet. The private DNS is linked to your vnet and allows you to direct the traffic to that private endpoint (e.g. 10.1.0.4) by using the storage domain.
It's not nessecary to have that private DNS. But that means you'll need to connect directly to private ip address of that endpoint. While that is technically possible you'll likely run into some issues such as the server not knowing which domain is requested without host header and issues with the SSL certificate.
I would therefore recommended always using the private DNS.
I'm following these tutorials to enable a site-to-site connection on Windows Azure. I'm trying to connect a VPN to a virtual machine so I can access it via private IP.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/vpn-gateway/vpn-gateway-howto-multi-site-to-site-resource-manager-portal#part3
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/vpn-gateway/vpn-gateway-howto-site-to-site-classic-portal
While creating the connection for the device to the virtual private gateway, I am getting the following error:
Failed to update the configuration for connection
...Error:UseLocalAzureIpAddress cannot be set...virtual network
gateway...does note have 'EnablePrivateIpAddress' flag set.
Also, I have tried to enable it under Virtual Private Gateway -> Configuration but there is no option for private IP.
Does anyone know how I can enable this either through the Azure portal or powershell?
As the hint on the right of the Use Azure Private IP Address tab. It's only supported on AZ SKUs. You have to deploy the Zone-redundant VPN gateways to enable this feature.
Also, VpnGw1AZ, VpnGw2AZ, VpnGw3AZ, VpnGw4AZ, and VpnGw5AZ are the zone resilient versions of VpnGw1, VpnGw2, VpnGw3, VpnGw4, and VpnGw5.
Please note that
Zone-redundant gateways and zonal gateways both rely on the Azure
public IP resource Standard SKU. The configuration of the Azure public
IP resource determines whether the gateway that you deploy is
zone-redundant, or zonal. If you create a public IP resource with a
Basic SKU, the gateway will not have any zone redundancy, and the
gateway resources will be regional.
Reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/vpn-gateway/about-zone-redundant-vnet-gateways
Notice that when I create a Azure Kubernetes, by default it creates the API with an *.azmk8s.io FQDN and it is external facing.
Is there a way to create with local IP instead? If "yes", can this be protected by NSG and Virtual Network to limit connections coming via Jump Server?
If there is any drawback creating to only allow internal IP?
Below is the command I used to create:-
az aks create -g [resourceGroup] -n
[ClusterName] --windows-admin-password [SomePassword]
--windows-admin-username [SomeUserName] --location [Location] --generate-ssh-keys -c 1 --enable-vmss --kubernetes-version 1.14.8 --network-plugin azure
Anyone tried https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/aks/private-clusters? If that still allows external facing app but private management API?
why not? only the control plane endpoint is different. in all other regards - its a regular AKS cluster.
In a private cluster, the control plane or API server has internal IP
addresses that are defined in the RFC1918 - Address Allocation for
Private Internets document. By using a private cluster, you can ensure
that network traffic between your API server and your node pools
remains on the private network only.
this outlines how to connect to private cluster with kubectl. NSG should work as usual
I have an Azure Container Instance with subnet configuration (I need to access an internal service). But I also need to configure dns.
I try to create the Container, but it returns this message: The IP address type can not be public when the network profile is set.
Is it possible to configure dns and configure the subnet in the same container?
Unfortunately, if you deploy the Azure Container Instances in the Subnet of a Vnet, then you cannot set the public IPs or DNS for it. Azure does not support it, at least now. Maybe it will be supported in the future. For more details, see Virtual network deployment limitations.
Container groups deployed to a virtual network do not currently
support public IP addresses or DNS name labels.
Hope this will help you.
The error with the network profile looks like a bug in the az
command tool. If you just specify your VNET name and subnet name
then it will create a network profile name.
If you want to use DNS
to resolve these names you'll need to setup DNS separately, and call
an additional az command to configure the DNS after you create the
container instance.
az network dns record-set a add-record ...
See this doc for using Azure DNS with private IP addresses.
Use Azure DNS for private domains