I use MINGW64 to compile HSL (https://www.hsl.rl.ac.uk/ipopt/) following the redme. However, I end up with an error 2 (Makefile:753). The critical command is
gfortran -shared .libs/libcoinhsl-0.dll.def common/.libs/deps90.o common/.libs/deps.o common/.libs/dump.o mc19/.libs/mc19d.o ma27/.libs/ma27d.o ma28/.libs/ma28d.o ma57/.libs/ma57d.o hsl_ma77/.libs/hsl_ma77d.o hsl_ma77/C/.libs/hsl_ma77d_ciface.o hsl_ma86/.libs/hsl_ma86d.o hsl_ma86/C/.libs/hsl_ma86d_ciface.o hsl_mc68/C/.libs/hsl_mc68i_ciface.o hsl_ma97/.libs/hsl_ma97d.o hsl_ma97/C/.libs/hsl_ma97d_ciface.o loadmetis/.libs/loadmetis.o -L/mingw64/lib/ -lopenblas -lpthread -lgfortran -O2 -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/mingw64/lib -o .libs/libcoinhsl-0.dll -Wl,--enable-auto-image-base -Xlinker --out-implib -Xlinker .libs/libcoinhsl.dll.a
The output is
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: common/.libs/deps90.o:C:\msys64\home\user\hsl_solo\coinhsl/common/deps90.f90:17672: undefined reference to `metis_nodend_'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: common/.libs/deps90.o: in function `__hsl_mc68_integer_MOD_mc68_order_integer':
C:\msys64\home\user\hsl_solo\coinhsl/common/deps90.f90:17454: undefined reference to `metis_nodend_'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: ma57/.libs/ma57d.o: in function `ma57ad_':
C:\msys64\home\user\hsl_solo\coinhsl/ma57/ma57d.f:469: undefined reference to `metis_nodend_'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\msys64\home\user\hsl_solo\coinhsl/ma57/ma57d.f:682: undefined reference to `metis_nodend_'
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/10.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:\msys64\home\user\hsl_solo\coinhsl/ma57/ma57d.f:618: undefined reference to `metis_nodend_'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
As I am not that experienced with compiling software, does anyone have an idea how I can get this error fixed?
Symbol metis_nodend_ belongs to Metis.
The metis_nodend_ symbol needs to be resolved either by linking against a Metis library (you might need to specify where to find that via some flags for configure), by a function of that name that loads the Metis library at runtime (that is what loadmetis tries to do), or by a dummy function of that name that does nothing (thats what older versions of HSL used to do).
The loadmetis of HSL is implemented in C and defines a function METIS_NODEND:
void METIS_NODEND(int *nvtxs, int *xadj, int *adjncy, int *numflag,
int *options, int *perm, int *iperm) {
....
So the problem is probably that the naming conventions do not match, i.e., the functionname in the C object does not match the functionname that the Fortran objects expect.
Try changing METIS_NODEND to metis_nodend or metis_nodend_ in loadmetis.c.
Or try the buildsystem from https://github.com/coin-or-tools/ThirdParty-HSL/
Related
I'm trying to install the libpca package.
I've already have Armadillo set up.
The libpca package is unzipped to /my/dir/. And I set the CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH and other variables to the place Armadillo installed. (export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/my/dir/arma_install/include/:$CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH)
I run the following command to install libpca:
/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3$ ./configure --prefix=/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3
/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3$ make
which has warnings but no error. And the command:
/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3$ make install prefix=/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3
It seems good and no error is reported.
Then I try to compile and run the example file in /my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/examples/simple/pca_example.cpp. In dir examples, I run
/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/examples$ make
It returns
make[1]: Nothing to be done for 'all'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for 'all-am'
And no new file is created. Then I cd into examples/simple, and run
/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/examples/simple$ make
It returns:
make: Nothing to be done for 'all'
And no new file is created. Then I run
/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/examples/simple$ make check
It returns the following errors:
The variables wrapper_dsyev_, wrapper_dgemv_, wrapper_dgemm_, etc. in the errors above, exist in the following binaries:
/my/dir/arma_install/lib64/libarmadillo.so.8.500.0
/my/dir/arma_downloaded/CMakeFiles/armadillo.dir/src/wrapper.cpp.o
/my/dir/arma_downloaded/CMakeFiles/CMakeRelink.dir/libarmadillo.so.8.500.0
After I export them into LD_LIBRARY_PATH, the same errors are still returned.
I think there should be something wrong with the include path, and environment variables. How do I solve it?
Moreover, if I need to write code in /my/dir/working_dir/, how can I set the path?
----------------------------------edited below--------------------
When I made the update described below, at step 3:
/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/my/dir/arma_install/lib64 make check
It returns the following errors:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/my/dir/arma_install/lib64/ make check
Making check in src/lib
make[1]: Entering directory `/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/src/lib'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/src/lib'
Making check in test
make[1]: Entering directory `/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/test'
make unittest
make[2]: Entering directory `/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/test'
/bin/sh ../libtool --tag=CXX --mode=link g++ -I../src/lib
-pthread -O2 -o unittest main.o testcases.o test_pca.o test_utils.o ../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a -L/my/dir/source_scripts/lib64
libtool: link: g++ -I../src/lib -pthread -O2 -o unittest main.o
testcases.o test_pca.o test_utils.o ../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a
-L/my/dir/arma_install/lib64 -pthread
test_utils.o: In function `void arma::glue_times::apply, arma::Mat
(arma::Mat&, arma::Mat const&, arma::Mat const&, double)':
test_utils.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb1ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb1ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x169):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemm_'
test_utils.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb1ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb1ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x363):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemv_'
test_utils.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb1ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb1ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x45c):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dsyrk_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function
`stats::pca::bootstrap_eigenvalues_()':
pca.cpp:(.text+0x454d): undefined reference to `wrapper_dsyev_'
pca.cpp:(.text+0x4953): undefined reference to `wrapper_dsyevd_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function `bool
arma::auxlib::eig_sym_dc
(arma::Col&, arma::Mat&, arma::Base > const&)':
pca.cpp:(.text._ZN4arma6auxlib10eig_sym_dcIdNS_3MatIdEEEEbRNS_3ColIT_EERNS2_IS5_EERKNS_4BaseIS5_T0_EE[_ZN4arma6auxlib10eig_sym_dcIdNS_3MatIdEEEEbRNS_3ColIT_EERNS2_IS5_EERKNS_4BaseIS5_T0_EE]+0x13a):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dsyevd_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function `bool
arma::eig_sym
(arma::Col::pod_type>&, arma::Mat::elem_type>&,
arma::Base::elem_type, arma::Mat > const&,
char const*,
arma::arma_blas_type_only::elem_type>::result
const*)':
pca.cpp:(.text._ZN4arma7eig_symINS_3MatIdEEEEbRNS_3ColINT_8pod_typeEEERNS1_INS4_9elem_typeEEERKNS_4BaseIS8_S4_EEPKcPKNS_19arma_blas_type_onlyIS8_E6resultE[_ZN4arma7eig_symINS_3MatIdEEEEbRNS_3ColINT_8pod_typeEEERNS1_INS4_9elem_typeEEERKNS_4BaseIS8_S4_EEPKcPKNS_19arma_blas_type_onlyIS8_E6resultE]+0x1a0):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dsyev_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function `double
arma::auxlib::det_lapack(arma::Mat const&, bool)':
pca.cpp:(.text._ZN4arma6auxlib10det_lapackIdEET_RKNS_3MatIS2_EEb[_ZN4arma6auxlib10det_lapackIdEET_RKNS_3MatIS2_EEb]+0x117):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgetrf_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function `void arma::gemv::apply_blas_type >(double*,
arma::Mat const&, double const*, double, double)':
pca.cpp:(.text._ZN4arma4gemvILb1ELb0ELb0EE15apply_blas_typeIdNS_3MatIdEEEEvPT_RKT0_PKS5_S5_S5_[_ZN4arma4gemvILb1ELb0ELb0EE15apply_blas_typeIdNS_3MatIdEEEEvPT_RKT0_PKS5_S5_S5_]+0x86):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemv_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function `void arma::gemv::apply_blas_type >(double*,
arma::Mat const&, double const*, double, double)':
pca.cpp:(.text._ZN4arma4gemvILb0ELb0ELb0EE15apply_blas_typeIdNS_3MatIdEEEEvPT_RKT0_PKS5_S5_S5_[_ZN4arma4gemvILb0ELb0ELb0EE15apply_blas_typeIdNS_3MatIdEEEEvPT_RKT0_PKS5_S5_S5_]+0x86):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemv_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function `void
arma::glue_times::apply, arma::Mat >(arma::Mat&,
arma::Mat const&, arma::Mat const&, double)':
pca.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x129):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemm_'
pca.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x334):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemv_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(pca.o): In function `void
arma::glue_times::apply,
arma::Mat >(arma::Mat&, arma::Mat const&,
arma::Mat const&, double)':
pca.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb1ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb1ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x14a):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemm_'
pca.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb1ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb0ELb1ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x33c):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dsyrk_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(utils.o): In function
`stats::utils::compute_column_rms(arma::Mat const&)':
utils.cpp:(.text+0xe95): undefined reference to `wrapper_ddot_'
../src/lib/.libs/libpca.a(utils.o): In function `void
arma::glue_times::apply,
arma::Mat >(arma::Mat&, arma::Mat const&,
arma::Mat const&, double)':
utils.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x353):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemm_'
utils.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x8a4):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dgemv_'
utils.cpp:(.text.hot._ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_[_ZN4arma10glue_times5applyIdLb1ELb0ELb0ENS_3MatIdEES3_EEvRNS2_IT_EERKT3_RKT4_S4_]+0x9ab):
undefined reference to `wrapper_dsyrk_'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [unittest] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/test'
make[1]: *** [check-am] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/my/dir/libpca-1.3.3/test'
make: *** [check-recursive] Error 1
What should I do next?
You need to tell the linker of the location of your armadillo library. You can achieve this in two ways:
Through environment variable: export LIBRARY_PATH=/arma/lib:$LIBRARY_PATH
Passing armadillo include and library path to configure directly:
./configure --with-armadillo-incdir=/arma/include --with-armadillo-libdir=/arma/lib
I would recommend using option 2 as it prevents settings up extra environment variables which may pollute, well, your environment.
Note that --prefix denotes the directory in which libpca is being installed to. This should be different from the source directory!
After configure you can run make, make check, and make install. For make check to succeed the linux library loader needs to know the location of the armadillo shared library. So one option is to run like so: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/arma/lib make check
To summarize the commands you need to run:
./configure --prefix=/libpca/install --with-armadillo-incdir=/arma/include --with-armadillo-libdir=/arma/lib
make
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/arma/lib make check
make install
Obviously, you need to adjust the paths to your situation.
Caveat: On some platforms you need to explicitly link with lapack and blas. So if you run into further linker errors then try configuring like this:
LIBS='-llapack -lblas' ./configure --prefix=/libpca/install --with-armadillo-incdir=/arma/include --with-armadillo-libdir=/arma/lib
When I compile a demo main.cpp, it failed because undefined reference to a_mtk_bt_service_init(), but I have found the symbol by
nm -D ./libmtk_bt_service_client.so|grep a_mtk_bt_service_init,
it's output is 0000000000004098 T a_mtk_bt_service_init,
I'm sure the compiler found the correct dynamic library by use command aarch64-poky-linux-g++ -print-file-name=libmtk_bt_service_client.so -o main main.cpp
This is the demo code main.cpp
void a_mtk_bt_service_init();
int main()
{
a_mtk_bt_service_init();
return 0;
}
and my compile command is
aarch64-poky-linux-g++ -mcpu=cortex-a72.cortex-a53+crypto -mtune=cortex-a72.cortex-a53 --sysroot=/home/sundq/code/newT9/T9-Amazon-Sdk/build/tmp/sysroots/aud8516-slc -o build/xx main.cpp -I../../include -lmtk_bt_service_client
The answer is here Call a C function from C++ code, that is, when c++ code call a c function, we also must add extern "C" before the declare of c function,
so my function declare should like this
extern "C" void a_mtk_bt_service_init();
I'm building an application with C++11 threads, but I can't seem to get it to work with clang++ on MacOSX 10.9. Here is the simplest example I can find that causes the issues:
#include <thread>
#include <iostream>
class Functor {
public:
Functor() = default;
Functor (const Functor& ) = delete;
void execute () {
std::cerr << "running in thread\n";
}
};
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
Functor functor;
std::thread thread (&Functor::execute, std::ref(functor));
thread.join();
}
This compiles and runs fine on Arch Linux using g++ (version 4.9.2) with the following command-line:
$ g++ -std=c++11 -Wall -pthread test_thread.cpp -o test_thread
It also compiles and runs fine using clang++ (version 3.5.0, also on Arch Linux):
$ clang++ -std=c++11 -Wall -pthread test_thread.cpp -o test_thread
But fails on MacOSX 10.9.5, using XCode 6.1 (regardless of whether I include the -stdlib=libc++ option):
$ clang++ -std=c++11 -Wall -pthread test_thread.cpp -o test_thread
In file included from test_thread.cpp:1:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/thread:332:5: error: attempt to use a deleted function
__invoke(_VSTD::move(_VSTD::get<0>(__t)), _VSTD::move(_VSTD::get<_Indices>(__t))...);
^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/thread:342:5: note: in instantiation of function template specialization
'std::__1::__thread_execute<void (Functor::*)(), std::__1::reference_wrapper<Functor> , 1>' requested here
__thread_execute(*__p, _Index());
^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/thread:354:42: note: in instantiation of function template specialization
'std::__1::__thread_proxy<std::__1::tuple<void (Functor::*)(), std::__1::reference_wrapper<Functor> > >' requested here
int __ec = pthread_create(&__t_, 0, &__thread_proxy<_Gp>, __p.get());
^
test_thread.cpp:19:15: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::__1::thread::thread<void (Functor::*)(), std::__1::reference_wrapper<Functor> , void>'
requested here
std::thread thread (&Functor::execute, std::ref(functor));
^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/type_traits:1001:5: note: '~__nat' has been explicitly marked deleted
here
~__nat() = delete;
^
1 error generated.
I can't figure out how to get around this, it seems like a compiler bug to me. For reference, the version of clang on that Mac is:
$ clang++ --version
Apple LLVM version 6.0 (clang-600.0.54) (based on LLVM 3.5svn)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0
Thread model: posix
Any ideas what it is I'm doing wrong?
Thanks!
Donald.
The standard does not require the std::thread constructor - or the similar std::async for that matter - to unwrap a reference_wrapper when passed as the first argument with a pointer-to-member-function the way std::bind does. Pass a pointer to Functor instead of a reference_wrapper. (See Library Active Issues list DR2219.)
I try to compile a program I have to control a DAQ device. In Windows, g++ compile and links OK, but in Linux it doesn't. The linker (called by G++) displays:
g++ -Wall -o "acelerar-30-0" "acelerar-30-0.cpp" (en el directorio: /home/poly/)
/tmp/ccRLpB4q.o: In function `main':
acelerar-30-0.cpp:(.text+0x429): undefined reference to `AdxInstantAoCtrlCreate'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
Ha fallado la compilación.
The cpp file is this (cut):
include stdlib.h
include stdio.h
include math.h
include "compatibility.h"
include "bdaqctrl.h"
include "comunes.h"
using namespace Automation::BDaq;
define deviceDescription L"USB-4704,BID#0"
int32 channelStart = 0;
int32 channelCount = 1;
double voltaje[0];
int32 modo;
int32 ms;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
if (argc!=3)
salidaerror(argv[0],1);
channelStart = atoi(argv[1]);
ms = atoi(argv[2]);
if (channelStart<0||channelStart>1||ms<10)
salidaerror(argv[0],1);
ErrorCode ret = Success;
InstantAoCtrl * instantAoCtrl = AdxInstantAoCtrlCreate();
...
I have been several hours on this, and can't find the answer. The SDK is for Debian/Ubuntu, and it has the same code for Linux and Windows.
Any hints? Thanks
EDIT: Removed some marks as the formatting was incorrect
In my (limited) experience, typical gcc behavior will require that you specify the library containing that function as an argument on the command line like so:
-lsome_library
This is required even if the library is in your library path (additional library paths can be specified with -L). Find the appropriate library file containing that function and use its filename minus extensions and leading "lib" in the argument format above.
right now I try to use a opensource tool called "GAUL" where some genetic algorithms are implemented. By compiling the example files I figured out that I can only compile these data via using gcc but not g++. E.x.:
1) Using gcc -I /usr/local/include/ -c wildfire_threat.c -o test.o
gcc** -g -O2 -Wall -o test2.out test.o -lgaul -lgaul_util -lm -lpthread -lslang -lm
works also the combination
gcc -I /usr/local/include/ -c wildfire_threat.c -o test.o
g++ -g -O2 -Wall -o test2.out test.o -lgaul -lgaul_util -lm -lpthread -lslang -lm
But 2) Using
g++ -I /usr/local/include/ -c wildfire_threat.c -o test.o
g++ -g -O2 -Wall -o test2.out test.o -lgaul -lgaul_util -lm -lpthread -lslang -lm
I get the following error messages:
test.o: In function `wildfire_simulation(int*, bool)':
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x52): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x74): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
test.o: In function `wildfire_score(population_t*, entity_t*)':
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xb55): undefined reference to `ga_entity_set_fitness(entity_t*, double)'
test.o: In function `wildfire_seed(population_t*, entity_t*)':
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xb86): undefined reference to `random_boolean()'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xbb9): undefined reference to `random_boolean_prob(double)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xc18): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xc25): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xc92): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
test.o: In function `wildfire_mutate_flip(population_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*)':
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xd41): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
test.o: In function `wildfire_crossover(population_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*)':
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xe25): undefined reference to `random_boolean()'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xe37): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0xff0): undefined reference to `random_int(unsigned int)'
test.o: In function `wildfire_ga_callback(int, population_t*)':
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x11bc): undefined reference to `ga_get_entity_from_rank(population_t*, unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x11c4): undefined reference to `ga_entity_get_fitness(entity_t*)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x11ef): undefined reference to
`ga_population_score_and_sort(population_t*)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x1206): undefined reference to `ga_fitness_mean_stddev(population_t*, double*, double*)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x122b): undefined reference to `ga_get_entity_from_rank(population_t*, unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x1233): undefined reference to `ga_entity_get_fitness(entity_t*)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x1268): undefined reference to `ga_get_entity_from_rank(population_t*, unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x1270): undefined reference to `ga_entity_get_fitness(entity_t*)'
test.o: In function `main':
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x12b0): undefined reference to `random_seed(unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x12dd): undefined reference to `ga_select_two_roulette_rebased(population_t*, entity_t**, entity_t**)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x12e6): undefined reference to `ga_select_one_roulette_rebased(population_t*, entity_t**)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x132e): undefined reference to `ga_genesis_integer(int, int, int, bool (*)(int, population_t*), bool (*)(int, entity_t*), void (*)(void*), void (*)(void*), bool (*)(population_t*, entity_t*), bool (*)(population_t*, entity_t*), entity_t* (*)(population_t*, entity_t*), bool (*)(population_t*, entity_t**), bool (*)(population_t*, entity_t**, entity_t**), void (*)(population_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*), void (*)(population_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*, entity_t*), void (*)(population_t*, entity_t*), void*)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x135c): undefined reference to `ga_population_set_parameters(population_t*, ga_scheme_type_t, ga_elitism_type_t, double, double, double)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x136d): undefined reference to `ga_evolution_threaded(population_t*, int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x137e): undefined reference to `ga_get_entity_from_rank(population_t*, unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x1386): undefined reference to `ga_entity_get_fitness(entity_t*)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x13b5): undefined reference to `ga_get_entity_from_rank(population_t*, unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x1434): undefined reference to `ga_get_entity_from_rank(population_t*, unsigned int)'
wildfire_threat.c:(.text+0x1528): undefined reference to `ga_extinction(population_t*)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
Can anyone explain this to me mystery and how I can avoid to use gcc since this brings problems with remaining source code which I want to embed?
Your third party C library probably lacks extern "C" declarations in its headers. To work around this without modifying the third party headers you can do something like this in your C++ source wherever you #include the relevant third party headers:
extern "C" {
#include "gaul.h" // note: I'm just guessing the names of the
#include "gaul_utils.h" // actual header files here...
}
You should compile C source with a C compiler and C++ source with a C++ compiler. In the particular case, the GAUL library is written in C and its headers are not suitable for inclusion in C++ compilation - they lack extern "C", so when you compile as C++, the function are declared with C++ linkage and, of course, cannot be found in the C-compiled library.