For files like :
_aaa.txt
_bbb.txt
_ccc.txt
I want to convert them to :
_aAa.txt
_bBb.txt
Any idea how to do this ?
In plain bash, using only shell parameter expansions to perform the conversion:
#!/bin/bash
n=3
for file in *; do
[[ -f $file ]] || continue
suffix=${file:n-1}
mv -i "$file" "${file:0:n-1}${suffix^}"
done
Check the output of the following
#!/bin/bash
for filename in *; do
newname=$(sed 's/./\U&/3' <<< "$filename")
echo "$filename --> $newname"
# mv $filename $newname
done
Then remove the #, if the filename printed is correct
If rename command is available, please try:
rename 's/^(..)(.)/$1\U$2/' *.txt
Related
I'm trying to create a program that would remove the extensions of files with that specific extension in a directory.
So for instance there exists a directory d1, within that directory there are three files a.jpg, b.jpg and c.txt and the extension that I want to manipulate is .jpg.
After calling my program, my output should be a b c.txt since all files with .jpg now have jpg removed from them.
Here is my attempt to solve it so far:
#!/bin/bash
echo "Enter an extension"
read extension
echo "Enter a directory"
read directory
allfiles=$( ls -l $directory)
for x in $allfiles
do
ext=$( echo $x | sed 's:.*.::')
if [ $ext -eq $extension]
then
echo $( $x | cut -f 2 -d '.')
else
echo $x
fi
done
However, when I run this, I get an error saying
'-f' is not defined
'-f' is not defined
what should I change in my code?
You can solve your problem by piping the result of find to a while loop:
# First step - basic idea:
# Note: requires hardening
find . -type f | while read file; do
# do some work with ${file}
done
Next, you can extract a filename without an extension with ${file%.*} and an extension itself with ${file##*.} (see Bash - Shell Parameter Expansion):
# Second step - work with file extension:
# Note: requires hardening
find . -type f | while read file; do
[[ "${file##*.}" == "jpg" ]] && echo "${file%.*}" || echo "${file}";
done
The final step is to introduce some kind of hardening. Filenames may contain "strange" characters, like a new line character or a backslash. We can force find to print the filename followed by a null character (instead of the newline character), and then tune read to be able to deal with it:
# Final step
find . -type f -print0 | while IFS= read -r -d '' file; do
[[ "${file##*.}" == "jpg" ]] && echo "${file%.*}" || echo "${file}";
done
What about use mv command?
mv a.jpg a
I am trying to write a bash script to scan for authorized_keys files and remove the keys of a couple previous employees if found. I am having one heck of a time figuring out the escaping for the sed command at the end. I am using commas instead of / since / can show up in the ssh-key. Any help would be appreciated
#!/bin/bash
declare -A keys
keys["employee1"]='AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABJQAAAIEAxoZ7ZdpJkL98n8cSTkFBwaAeSNK0m/tOWtF1mu5NAzMM/+1SDO6rJH/ruyyqBJo9s+AHWZLGRHfXT2XBg2SRaUnubAKp0w6qNIbej0MsA/ifAs8AfVGdj0pUPLtKpo6XVZkB8vEZSIQ+xNk1n5HJrGJnFGWKWeY3z1/KOLxcLHU='
keys["employee2"]='AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAwHYNAVhb319OBVXPhYF8cSTkFBwaAekr7UcKjfLPCHMpz19W0L/C0g+75Hn8COxOQILDUhIPhYHXOduQjGD/6NXgJDWxgyT00Azg5BREUnBd58WqZPlEvTZYlAgmdMIbnWPPGdJwzqKH/k7/STK6vTKxL6rxBo4lSNK0m/tOWtF1mu5NAzMM/+1SDO6rJH/ruyyqBJo9s+NIbej0MsA/ifAs8AfAkfO2JjgeQpJMyZ7B02XVN5iSLAyC3Cb5FXIjJuk4LPhcApuVyszH2lgve0r5bt/nFgVujJTvJTHPlGrqkYDcDJVUtfbjoLqGPrnpijp6rGIC7aFDDe7bk0ygHYMXDFWcjJBerfLGUWTYWFFLY3bfiO/h/9oEycmQHyB2co4a0IyyDnaYn9OY6xsRRATVlk4Q=='
files=`find / -name authorized_keys`
echo "Checking Authorized_Keys files on: " `hostname`
echo ""
echo "Located files: "
for file in $files; do
echo " $file"
done
echo""
for file in $files; do
for key in "${!keys[#]}"; do
if grep -q ${keys[$key]} $file; then
echo " *** Removing $key from $file"
sed "s,${keys[$key]},d" $file
fi
done
done
You've made it a bit complicated I think.
You can do this using grep -vf and process substitution:
# array to hold the value you want to remove
keys=(
'AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABJQAAAIEAxoZ7ZdpJkL98n8cSTkFBwaAeSNK0m/tOWtF1mu5NAzMM/+1SDO6rJH/ruyyqBJo9s+AHWZLGRHfXT2XBg2SRaUnubAKp0w6qNIbej0MsA/ifAs8AfVGdj0pUPLtKpo6XVZkB8vEZSIQ+xNk1n5HJrGJnFGWKWeY3z1/KOLxcLHU=',
'AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAwHYNAVhb319OBVXPhYF8cSTkFBwaAekr7UcKjfLPCHMpz19W0L/C0g+75Hn8COxOQILDUhIPhYHXOduQjGD/6NXgJDWxgyT00Azg5BREUnBd58WqZPlEvTZYlAgmdMIbnWPPGdJwzqKH/k7/STK6vTKxL6rxBo4lSNK0m/tOWtF1mu5NAzMM/+1SDO6rJH/ruyyqBJo9s+NIbej0MsA/ifAs8AfAkfO2JjgeQpJMyZ7B02XVN5iSLAyC3Cb5FXIjJuk4LPhcApuVyszH2lgve0r5bt/nFgVujJTvJTHPlGrqkYDcDJVUtfbjoLqGPrnpijp6rGIC7aFDDe7bk0ygHYMXDFWcjJBerfLGUWTYWFFLY3bfiO/h/9oEycmQHyB2co4a0IyyDnaYn9OY6xsRRATVlk4Q=='
)
while IFS= read -d '' -r file; do
grep -vf <(printf "%s\n" "${keys[#]}") "$file" > "$file.tmp"
mv "$file.tmp" "$file"
done < <(find / -name authorized_keys -print0)
In your case, it's easy, just need to use a sign which not contained in base64 code as the delimiter, eg |:
sed "\|${keys[$key]}|d" $file
Explanation in the sed manual:
\%regexp%
(The % may be replaced by any other single character.)
This also matches the regular expression regexp, but allows one to use a different delimiter than /.
How to write simple shell script to create zip file.
I want to create zip file by collecting files with same string pattern in their file names from a folder.
For example, there may be many files under a folder.
xxxxx_20140502_xxx.txt
xxxxx_20140502_xxx.txt
xxxxx_20140503_xxx.txt
xxxxx_20140503_xxx.txt
xxxxx_20140504_xxx.txt
xxxxx_20140504_xxx.txt
After running the shell script, the result must be following three zip files.
20140502.zip
20140503.zip
20140504.zip
Please give me right direction to create simple shell script to output the result as above.
#!/bin/bash
for file in *_????????_*.csv *_????????_*.txt; do
[ -f "${file}" ] || continue
date=${file#*_} # adjust this and next line depending
date=${date%_*} # on your actual prefix/suffix
echo "${date}"
done | sort -u | while read date; do
zip "${date}.zip" *${date}*
done
Since zip will update the archive, this will do:
shopt -s nullglob
for file in *.{txt,csv}; do [[ $file =~ _([[:digit:]]{8})_ ]] && zip "${BASH_REMATCH[1]}.zip" "$file"; done
The shopt -s nullglob is because you don't want to have unexpanded globs if there are no matching files.
Everything below this line is my old answer...
First, get all the possible dates. Heuristically, this could be the files ending in .txt and .csv that match the regex _[[:digit:]]{8}_:
#!/bin/bash
shopt -s nullglob
declare -A dates=()
for file in *.{csv,txt}; do
[[ $file =~ _([[:digit:]]{8})_ ]] && dates[${BASH_REMATCH[1]}]=
done
printf "Date found: %s\n" "${!dates[#]}"
This will output to stdout all the dates found in the files. E.g. (I called the previous snipped gorilla and I chmod +x gorilla and touched a few files for demo):
$ ls
banana_20010101_gorilla.csv gorilla_20140502_bonobo.csv
gorilla notthisone_123_lol.txt
gorilla_20140502_banana.txt
$ ./gorilla
Date found: 20140502
Date found: 20010101
Next step, for each date found, get all the files ending in .txt and .csv and zip them in the archive corresponding to the date: appending this to gorilla will do the job:
for date in "${!dates[#]}"; do
zip "$date.zip" *"_${date}_"*.{csv,txt}
done
Full script after removing the flooding part:
#!/bin/bash
shopt -s nullglob
declare -A dates=()
for file in *.{csv,txt}; do
[[ $file =~ _([[:digit:]]{8})_ ]] && dates[${BASH_REMATCH[1]}]=
done
for date in "${!dates[#]}"; do
zip "$date.zip" *"_${date}_"*.{csv,txt}
done
Edit. I overlooked your requirement with one line command. Then here's the one-liner:
shopt -s nullglob; declare -A dates=(); for file in *.{csv,txt}; do [[ $file =~ _([[:digit:]]{8})_ ]] && dates[${BASH_REMATCH[1]}]=; done; for date in "${!dates[#]}"; do zip "$date.zip" *"_${date}_"*.{csv,txt}; done
:)
#! /bin/bash
dates=$(ls ?????_[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]_???.{csv,txt} \
| cut -f2 -d_ | sort -u)
for date in $dates ; do
zip $date.zip ?????_"$date"_???.{csv,txt}
done
Hello from a Linux Bash newbie!
I have a list.txt containing a list of files which I want to copy to a destination($2). These are unique images but some of them have the same filename.
My plan is to loop through each line in the text file, with the copy to the destination occurring when the file is not there, and a mv rename happening when it is present.
The problem I am having is creating the pathname to check the file against. In the code below, I am taking the filename only from the pathname, and I want to add that to the destination ($2) with the "/" in between to check the file against.
When I run the program below I get "Permission Denied" at line 9 which is where I try and create the path.
for line in $(cat list.txt)
do
file=$[ basename $line ]
path=$[ $2$file ]
echo $path
if [ ! -f $path ];
then
echo cp $line $2
else
echo mv $line.DUPLICATE $2
fi
done
I am new to this so appreciate I may be missing something obvious but if anyone can offer any advice it would be much appreciated!
Submitting this since OP is new in BASH scripting no good answer has been posted yet.
DESTINATION="$2"
while read -r line; do
file="${line##*/}"
path="$2/$file"
[[ ! -f $path ]] && cp "$line" "$path" || mv "$line" "$path.DUP"
done < list.txt
Don't have logic for counting duplicates at present to keep things simple. (Which means code will take care of one dup entry) As an alternative you get uniq from list.txt beforehand to avoid the duplicate situation.
#anubhava: Your script looks good. Here is a small addition to it to work with several dupes.
It adds a numer to the $path.DUP name
UniqueMove()
{
COUNT=0
while [ -f "$1" ]
do
(( COUNT++ ))
mv -n "$1" "$2$COUNT"
done
}
while read -r line; do
file="${line##*/}"
path="$2/$file"
[[ ! -f $path ]] && cp "$line" "$path" || UniqueMove "$line" "$path.DUP"
done < list.txt
I have a directory structure that looks like this:
/a/f.xml
/b/f.xml
/c/f.xml
/d/f.xml
What I want to do is copy all the xml files into one directory like this:
/e/f_0.xml
/e/f_1.xml
/e/f_2.xml
/e/f_3.xml
How can I do that efficiently on the Linux shell?
let count=0
for file in $(ls $dir)
do
mv $file $newdir/${file%%.*}_$count.${file##*.}
let count=count+1
done
#!/bin/bash
COUNTER=0;
for i in */f.xml;
do
BASE=`expr "$i" : '.*/\(.*\)\..*'`;
EXT=`expr "$i" : '.*/.*\.\(.*\)'`;
mv "$i" e/"$BASE"_"$COUNTER"."$EXT";
COUNTER=`expr $COUNTER + 1`
done;
#!/bin/bash
for file in /{a,b,c,d}/f.xml
do
name=${file##*/}
name=${name%.xml}
((i++))
echo mv "$file" "/destination/${name}_${i}.xml"
done
bash 4.0 (for recursive)
shopt -s globstar
for file in /path/**/f.xml
do
name=${file##*/}
name=${name%.xml}
((i++))
echo mv "$file" "/destination/${name}_${i}.xml"
done