Python3 PyTest Flask JWT throws HTTP 422 Unprocessable Entity - python-3.x

Question

I am using Python 3.9 and the Flask-JWT-Extended PyPi package in my application. I am writing some test cases and when I POST to the endpoint I am testing with a proper-looking Bearer token, I get an HTTP 422 'Unprocessable Entity'. Google is not turning up an answer. How can I fix this?
# Do the Bearer login
data = {
'username': app.username,
'password': app.password,
}
tokenResponse = client.post("/login", json=data)
assert tokenResponse.content_type == 'application/json'
assert tokenResponse.json['access_token']
And shortly after, in the same test method, I try to POST to the actual endpoint:
print("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
print({"Authorization": f"JWT {tokenResponse.json['access_token']}"})
print("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
response = client.post(endpoint, buffered=False,
content_type='multipart/form-data',
data=data,headers={"Authorization": f"JWT {tokenResponse.json['access_token']}"})
Here is the token printout:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
{'Authorization': 'JWT eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QilCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpYXQiOjE2MTI0Nzk5NzAsIm5iZiI6MTYxMjQ3OTk3MCwianRpIjoiYTQyZjU1NmUtYjQ2MS00NTNiLThkM2ItYjk1MmIzYzAwZjc0IiwiZXhwIjoxNjeyNDgwMDMwLCJpZGVudGl0eSI6IlNlbnNvbml4QXBpVXNlciIsImZyZXNoIjpmYWxzZSwidHlwZSI6ImFjY2VzcyJ9.IYrgg2e9VxhLFH0_kwQbmoHKI1wKsKfm3cpK3XZmqyY'}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Here is the traceback.
print("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
print({"Authorization": f"JWT {tokenResponse.json['access_token']}"})
print("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
response = client.post(endpoint, buffered=False,
content_type='multipart/form-data',
data=data,headers={"Authorization": f"JWT {tokenResponse.json['access_token']}"})
> assert response.status_code == 200
E assert 422 == 200
E + where 422 = <Response streamed [422 UNPROCESSABLE ENTITY]>.status_code
../tests/test_endpoints.py:153: AssertionError

Answer 1

First suggestion, if you look at the response.get_json() it should give you a helpful error message for why the 422 was thrown (invalid audience, jwt verification failed, etc). That might help point you in the right direction.
Here is an example of a working spec that creates and passes a JWT in via headers if it helps:
import pytest
from flask import Flask
from flask import jsonify
from flask_jwt_extended import JWTManager
from flask_jwt_extended import jwt_required
from flask_jwt_extended import create_access_token
#pytest.fixture(scope="function")
def app():
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config["JWT_SECRET_KEY"] = "foobarbaz"
JWTManager(app)
#app.route("/login", methods=["POST"])
def login():
return jsonify(access_token=create_access_token("test_user"))
#app.route("/protected", methods=["GET"])
#jwt_required
def access_protected():
return jsonify(foo="bar")
return app
def test_default_headers(app):
test_client = app.test_client()
response = test_client.post("/login")
access_token = response.get_json()["access_token"]
access_headers = {"Authorization": "Bearer {}".format(access_token)}
response = test_client.get("/protected", headers=access_headers)
assert response.status_code == 200
assert response.get_json() == {"foo": "bar"}