Add Together a Set of Numbers using LAMBDA Recursion in Excel - excel

I have a continuous set of numbers in cell I32 (123456789) of my worksheet. I want to use the new LAMBDA function to add each number with nine iterations (using recursion). The final value in cell L32 should be 45.
What I've got at the moment produces a #VALUE! error. I am basing it off the =REPLACECHARS example shown at the Microsoft Excel blog, where invalid characters are stripped out of a cell.
Formula:
=LAMBDA(Number,NumberGroup,
AddNumbers(
SUM(LEFT(Number,1)),
RIGHT(NumberGroup,LEN(NumberGroup)-1)
)
)(L32)

You are not using any recursion currently. You just trying to sum. If you really want recursion inside your LAMBDA() try something like:
=LAMBDA(Input,AddAll,X,IF(X=LEN(Input)+1,AddAll,Addnumbers(Input,AddAll+MID(Input,X,1),X+1)))
I created three parameters for LAMBDA():
Input - A reference to your cell/string of numbers;
AddAll - A grand total of the added numbers;
X - A simple counter, as if we were writing a function in VBA;
If you add the function to your name manager you can now call this using: =Addnumbers(I32,0,1), meaning:
Call our LAMBDA() function which we named "AddNumbers";
The 1st parameter must be the reference to our cell/string;
The 2nd parameter is our current total, zero at the start;
The 3rd parameter is the start of our counter, which should be 1.
I specifically added the nested IF() to get iteration going, i.o.w. recursion. The IF() checks the current state of the counter. Only if that is bigger than the total length of our input it will return the current total, otherwise; the recursion starts with calling the LAMBDA() all over again in the 2nd parameter (the FALSE parameter) where we use:
The same Input value;
Use MID() to add one of the numbers from the current index to our total of AddAll;
Increase our counter X by 1.
Now we have recursion out of the way, I'd say you have better options here if you want to use LAMBDA() since recursion is not needed. Try:
=LAMBDA(Input,SUM(--MID(Input,SEQUENCE(LEN(Input)),1)))
Call through =Addnumbers(I32).

Related

how to transform a table in Excel from vertical to horizontal but with different length

i would like to get table 2 from Table 1 in a quicker way. can people help? thanks
so far i have done pivot tables and manually copy and paste transpose, but this is really time consuming/
Here, a solution that uses DROP/REDUCE/VSTACK pattern to generate each row. Check for example #JvdV's answer from this question: How to split texts from dynamic range? and a similar idea DROP/REDUCE/HSTACK pattern to generate the columns for a given row. In cell E2 put the following formula:
=LET(set, A2:B13, IDs, INDEX(set,,1), dates, INDEX(set,,2),
HREDUCE, LAMBDA(id, arr, REDUCE(id, arr, LAMBDA(acc, x, HSTACK(acc, x)))),
output, DROP(REDUCE("", UNIQUE(IDs), LAMBDA(ac, id, VSTACK(ac, LET(
idDates, FILTER(dates, ISNUMBER(XMATCH(IDs, id))), HREDUCE(id, idDates)
)))),1), IFERROR(VSTACK(HSTACK("ID", "Dates"), output), "")
)
and here is the output:
Update
As #JdvD pointed out in the comments section there is a shorted way:
=LET(set, A3:B13, title, A1:B1, IDs, INDEX(set,,1), dates, INDEX(set,,2),
IFERROR(REDUCE(title, UNIQUE(IDs),LAMBDA(ac, id,
VSTACK(ac,HSTACK(id,TOROW(FILTER(dates,IDs=id)))))),"")
)
The main idea is to use the title as a way to initialize the VSTACK accumulator (no need to use DROP), and have all the dates for a given id all at once via the FILTER function. As a side note, it can be expressed in terms of the pattern we explained in the Explanation section (see below), as follow:
=LET(set, A3:B13, title, A1:B1, IDs, INDEX(set,,1), dates, INDEX(set,,2),
HREDUCE, LAMBDA(id, HSTACK(id, TOROW(FILTER(dates,IDs=id)))),
IFERROR(REDUCE(title, UNIQUE(IDs),LAMBDA(ac,id, VSTACK(ac, HREDUCE(id)))),"")
)
Note: Keeping the same name of the user LAMBDA function (HREDUCE) for sake of consistency with the Explanation section, but there is no need to use REDUCE. A more appropriate name would be PIVOT_DATES.
Explanation
HREDUCE is a user LAMBDA function that implements the DROP/REDUCE/HSTACK pattern. In order to generate all the columns for a given row, this is the pattern to follow:
DROP(REDUCE("", arr, LAMBDA(acc, x, HSTACK(acc, func))),,1)
It iterates over all elements of arr (x) and uses HSTACK to concatenate column by column on each iteration. DROP function is used to remove the first column, if we don't have a valid value to initialize the first column (the accumulator, acc). The name func is just a symbolic representation of the calculation required to obtain the value to put on a given column. Usually, some variables are required to be defined, so quite often the LET function is used for that.
In our case we have a valid value to initialize the iteration process (no need to use DROP function), so this pattern can be implemented as follow via our user LAMBDA function HREDUCE:
LAMBDA(id, arr, REDUCE(id, arr, LAMBDA(acc, x, HSTACK(acc, x))))
In our case the initialization value will be each unique id value. The func will be just each element of arr, because we don't need to do any additional calculation to obtain the column value.
The previous process can be applied for a given row, but we need to create iteratively each row. In order to do that we use a DROP/REDUCE/VSTACK pattern, which is a similar idea:
DROP(REDUCE("", arr, LAMBDA(acc, x, VSTACK(acc, func))),1)
Now we append rows via VSTACK. For this case we don't know how to initialize properly the accumulator (acc), so we need to use DROP to remove the first row. Now fun will be: HREDUCE(id, idDates), i.e. the LAMBDA function we created before to generate all the dates columns for a given id. Now we use a LET function to name the selected dates for a given id (idDates).
At the beginning of each row (first column), we are going to have the unique IDs (UNIQUE(IDs)). To find the corresponding dates for each unique ID (id) we use the following:
FILTER(dates, ISNUMBER(XMATCH(IDs, id)))
and name the result idDates.
Finally, we build the output including the header. We pad non existing values with the empty string to avoid having #NA values. This is the default behavior of V/HSTACK functions. We use IFERROR function for that.
IFERROR(VSTACK(HSTACK("ID", "Dates"), output), "")
Note: Both patterns are very useful to avoid Nested Array Error (#CALC!) usually produced by some of the new Excel array functions, such as BYROW, BYCOL, MAP when using TEXTSPLIT for example. This is one of the effective ways to overcome it.

COUNTIFS counting double amount of values

I've got the following formula that works correctly
=SUM(COUNTIFS(MachineData!N:N,{"*Arlington*","*RenewNorfolk*"}, MachineData!$X:$X,"Y"))
but now if I try to do the same but with "not arlington or not renewnorforlk" I get the wrong answer (it counts double the amount of values that I want to count)
=SUM(COUNTIFS(MachineData!N:N,{"<>*Arlington*","<>*RenewNorfolk*"}, MachineData!$X:$X,"Y"))
what is happening here?
Your first statement is equivalent to
=COUNTIFS(MachineData!N:N,"*Arlington*", MachineData!$X:$X,"Y") + COUNTIFS(MachineData!N:N,"*RenewNorfolk*", MachineData!$X:$X,"Y")
where the array constant is manually split into it two constituent parts.
If you try this with the second statement
=COUNTIFS(MachineData!N:N,"<>*Arlington*", MachineData!$X:$X,"Y") + COUNTIFS(MachineData!N:N,"<>*RenewNorfolk*", MachineData!$X:$X,"Y")
we can see that anything that isn't either Arlington or RenewNorfolk gets counted by both COUNTIFS statements, which isn't what we want the result to be.
The simplest solution is to use
=COUNTIFS(MachineData!N:N,"<>*Arlington*", MachineData!N:N,"<>*RenewNorfolk*", MachineData!$X:$X,"Y")
which requires all the criteria to be met for a data item to be counted.

Sumproduct with OR and Right function

In column A are IDs like "1.23.1". The first and last numbers are the ones I use to identify the IDs I am looking for. The middle numbers range from 1 to 999, so IDs could be "1.1.1" OR "1.231.1. This information is only important to show that not all IDs have the same amount of characters.
I need to add the numbers from column B that match the IDs I am looking for.
A ----------- B
1.21.1 ------------5
1.314.2 ----------6
2.2.1 -------------3
I am getting a #VALUE! error with the following formula.
=SUMPRODUCT(OR((RIGHT(A4:A6,1)="1")+0,RIGHT(A4:A6,1)="2")+0,LEFT(A4:A6,1)="1",B4:B6
I would like to add the 5 and 6 because their IDs both end with 1 or 2 and start with 1.
Example
=SUMPRODUCT((LEFT(A4:A6)="1")*((RIGHT(A4:A6)="1")+(RIGHT(A4:A6)="2"))*B4:B6)
Using the OR function will only return a single value; hence your arrays will not be all the same length; hence the #VALUE! error.
Using addition will return an array of the OR test for each cell, instead of a single OR for the entire array.
If you want to use the function with separate arrays, where you convert each test array to it's numeric equivalent, (as in your example) you can use:
=SUMPRODUCT(N(LEFT(A4:A6)="1"),N((RIGHT(A4:A6)="1")+(RIGHT(A4:A6)="2")),B4:B6)

Excel Statement with 4 conditions and 4 answers

All of the methods that I've used have 2 answer values (True or False).
How can I get the following with a formula?
If A1=1 then it's 11, if A1=2 the answer is 22, if A1=3 then it's 33, if A1=4 it's 44.
If the value your are evaluating is in cell A1, then the nested function would be as follows:
IF(A1=1,11,IF(A1=2,22,IF(A1=3,33,IF(A1=4,44,""))))
I put the 2 double commas at the end so the formula returns a blank instead of false.
I don't know if that's what you are asking about, but you can make multiple (nested) IF statements in one. For example:
IF(1=2;TRUE;IF(2=2;TRUE;FALSE))
You just put another IF in the FALSE part of IF statement. If that's not it, can you give a piece of the statement you tried and precise more what do you want?
=IF(AND(INT(A1)=A1,A1<=4,A1>=1),A1*11,"")
Now the above works for the condition you placed in your example, however if one were to go by your title alone you have a couple of options you could go with.
You first Option would be nested IF statements. Like you said each IF function has TRUE or FALSE. The trick is to put another IF function in for the TRUE result and another in for the FALSE results
IF(CHECK1, IF(CHECK2, TRUE2, FALSE2),IF(CHECK3, TRUE3, FALSE3))
The above give 4 potential results based on only 3 checks. Another option would be to do a check and supply a value for a TRUE result and another IF for a false result. Keep repeating the process. Conversely you could go the same route flipping TRUE FALSE option. It might look something like this:
IF(CHECK1, TRUE1, IF(CHECK2, TRUE2, IF(CHECK3, TRUE3, FALSE3)))
FALSE3 would be the result of all previous checks failing.
So for your case, your nested IF could look like (assuming the only valid entries are 1, 2, 3 and 4):
IF(A1=1,11,IF(A1,2,22,IF(A1=3,33,44)))
OR
IF(ISODD(A1),IF(A1=1,11,33),IF(A1=2,22,44))
and there are other options to work through the logic. there are also other checks you could be doing and results being displayed if your entries in A1 were not limited to the integers 1,2,3 and 4.
Now because you example is using the sequential integers 1,2,3 and 4 you could also use the CHOOSE function. Alternatively if you can make your criteria evaluate to sequential integers stating at 1 the CHOOSE function would work as well. Supply choose with an integer as the first argument and it will return the corresponding argument in the list that follows
CHOOSE(ARGUMENT,RESULT1, RESULT2,...,RESULTn-1, RESULTn)
In your case it would look something like:
CHOOSE(A1,11,22,33,44)
If you can not get sequential numbers for whatever reason and the gap is numbers is small and you are in the low integer count, you could leave a gap in results by providing "", or 0). lets say you has 1,3 and 4 as potential arguments, then your choose might look like:
CHOOSE(A1,11,"",33,44)
=IF(A1<>"",INDEX({11;22;33;44},A1),"")
=IF(AND(ISNUMBER(A1),A1<=4),A1*11,"")

Case Function Equivalent in Excel

I have an interesting challenge - I need to run a check on the following data in Excel:
| A - B - C - D |
|------|------|------|------|
| 36 | 0 | 0 | x |
| 0 | 600 | 700 | x |
|___________________________|
You'll have to excuse my wonderfully bad ASCII art. So I need the D column (x) to run a check against the adjacent cells, then convert the values if necessary. Here's the criteria:
If column B is greater than 0, everything works great and I can get coffee. If it doesn't meet that requirement, then I need to convert A1 according to a table - for example, 32 = 1420 and place into D. Unfortunately, there is no relationship between A and what it needs to convert to, so creating a calculation is out of the question.
A case or switch statement would be perfect in this scenario, but I don't think it is a native function in Excel. I also think it would be kind of crazy to chain a bunch of =IF() statements together, which I did about four times before deciding it was a bad idea (story of my life).
Sounds like a job for VLOOKUP!
You can put your 32 -> 1420 type mappings in a couple of columns somewhere, then use the VLOOKUP function to perform the lookup.
Without reference to the original problem (which I suspect is long since solved), I very recently discovered a neat trick that makes the Choose function work exactly like a select case statement without any need to modify data. There's only one catch: only one of your choose conditions can be true at any one time.
The syntax is as follows:
CHOOSE(
(1 * (CONDITION_1)) + (2 * (CONDITION_2)) + ... + (N * (CONDITION_N)),
RESULT_1, RESULT_2, ... , RESULT_N
)
On the assumption that only one of the conditions 1 to N will be true, everything else is 0, meaning the numeric value will correspond to the appropriate result.
If you are not 100% certain that all conditions are mutually exclusive, you might prefer something like:
CHOOSE(
(1 * TEST1) + (2 * TEST2) + (4 * TEST3) + (8 * TEST4) ... (2^N * TESTN)
OUT1, OUT2, , OUT3, , , , OUT4 , , <LOTS OF COMMAS> , OUT5
)
That said, if Excel has an upper limit on the number of arguments a function can take, you'd hit it pretty quickly.
Honestly, can't believe it's taken me years to work it out, but I haven't seen it before, so figured I'd leave it here to help others.
EDIT: Per comment below from #aTrusty:
Silly numbers of commas can be eliminated (and as a result, the choose statement would work for up to 254 cases) by using a formula of the following form:
CHOOSE(
1 + LOG(1 + (2*TEST1) + (4*TEST2) + (8*TEST3) + (16*TEST4),2),
OTHERWISE, RESULT1, RESULT2, RESULT3, RESULT4
)
Note the second argument to the LOG clause, which puts it in base 2 and makes the whole thing work.
Edit: Per David's answer, there's now an actual switch statement if you're lucky enough to be working on office 2016. Aside from difficulty in reading, this also means you get the efficiency of switch, not just the behaviour!
The Switch function is now available, in Excel 2016 / Office 365
SWITCH(expression, value1, result1, [default or value2, result2],…[default or value3, result3])
example:
=SWITCH(A1,0,"FALSE",-1,"TRUE","Maybe")
Microsoft -Office Support
Note: MS has updated that page to only document the behavior of Excel 2019. Eventually, they will probably remove references to 2019 as well... To see what the page looked like in 2016, use the wayback machine:
https://web.archive.org/web/20161010180642/https://support.office.com/en-us/article/SWITCH-function-47ab33c0-28ce-4530-8a45-d532ec4aa25e
Try this;
=IF(B1>=0, B1, OFFSET($X$1, MATCH(B1, $X:$X, Z) - 1, Y)
WHERE
X = The columns you are indexing into
Y = The number of columns to the left (-Y) or right (Y) of the indexed column to get the value you are looking for
Z = 0 if exact-match (if you want to handle errors)
I used this solution to convert single letter color codes into their descriptions:
=CHOOSE(FIND(H5,"GYR"),"Good","OK","Bad")
You basically look up the element you're trying to decode in the array, then use CHOOSE() to pick the associated item. It's a little more compact than building a table for VLOOKUP().
I know it a little late to answer but I think this short video will help you a lot.
http://www.xlninja.com/2012/07/25/excel-choose-function-explained/
Essentially it is using the choose function. He explains it very well in the video so I'll let do it instead of typing 20 pages.
Another video of his explains how to use data validation to populate a drop down which you can select from a limited range.
http://www.xlninja.com/2012/08/13/excel-data-validation-using-dependent-lists/
You could combine the two and use the value in the drop down as your index to the choose function. While he did not show how to combine them, I'm sure you could figure it out as his videos are good. If you have trouble, let me know and I'll update my answer to show you.
I understand that this is a response to an old post-
I like the If() function combined with Index()/Match():
=IF(B2>0,"x",INDEX($H$2:$I$9,MATCH(A2,$H$2:$H$9,0),2))
The if function compare what is in column b and if it is greater than 0, it returns x, if not it uses the array (table of information) identified by the Index() function and selected by Match() to return the value that a corresponds to.
The Index array has the absolute location set $H$2:$I$9 (the dollar signs) so that the place it points to will not change as the formula is copied. The row with the value that you want returned is identified by the Match() function. Match() has the added value of not needing a sorted list to look through that Vlookup() requires. Match() can find the value with a value: 1 less than, 0 exact, -1 greater than. I put a zero in after the absolute Match() array $H$2:$H$9 to find the exact match. For the column that value of the Index() array that one would like returned is entered. I entered a 2 because in my array the return value was in the second column. Below my index array looked like this:
32 1420
36 1650
40 1790
44 1860
55 2010
The value in your 'a' column to search for in the list is in the first column in my example and the corresponding value that is to be return is to the right. The look up/reference table can be on any tab in the work book - or even in another file. -Book2 is the file name, and Sheet2 is the 'other tab' name.
=IF(B2>0,"x",INDEX([Book2]Sheet2!$A$1:$B$8,MATCH(A2,[Book2]Sheet2!$A$1:$A$8,0),2))
If you do not want x return when the value of b is greater than zero delete the x for a 'blank'/null equivalent or maybe put a 0 - not sure what you would want there.
Below is beginning of the function with the x deleted.
=IF(B2>0,"",INDEX...
If you don't have a SWITCH statement in your Excel version (pre-Excel-2016), here's a VBA implementation for it:
Public Function SWITCH(ParamArray args() As Variant) As Variant
Dim i As Integer
Dim val As Variant
Dim tmp As Variant
If ((UBound(args) - LBound(args)) = 0) Or (((UBound(args) - LBound(args)) Mod 2 = 0)) Then
Error 450 'Invalid arguments
Else
val = args(LBound(args))
i = LBound(args) + 1
tmp = args(UBound(args))
While (i < UBound(args))
If val = args(i) Then
tmp = args(i + 1)
End If
i = i + 2
Wend
End If
SWITCH = tmp
End Function
It works exactly like expected, a drop-in replacement for example for Google Spreadsheet's SWITCH function.
Syntax:
=SWITCH(selector; [keyN; valueN;] ... defaultvalue)
where
selector is any expression that is compared to keys
key1, key2, ... are expressions that are compared to the selector
value1, value2, ... are values that are selected if the selector equals to the corresponding key (only)
defaultvalue is used if no key matches the selector
Examples:
=SWITCH("a";"?") returns "?"
=SWITCH("a";"a";"1";"?") returns "1"
=SWITCH("x";"a";"1";"?") returns "?"
=SWITCH("b";"a";"1";"b";TRUE;"?") returns TRUE
=SWITCH(7;7;1;7;2;0) returns 2
=SWITCH("a";"a";"1") returns #VALUE!
To use it, open your Excel, go to Develpment tools tab, click Visual Basic, rightclick on ThisWorkbook, choose Insert, then Module, finally copy the code into the editor. You have to save as a macro-friendly Excel workbook (xlsm).
Even if old, this seems to be a popular questions, so I'll post another solution, which I think is very elegant:
http://fiveminutelessons.com/learn-microsoft-excel/using-multiple-if-statements-excel
It's elegant because it uses just the IF function. Basically, it boils down to this:
if(condition, choose/use a value from the table, if(condition, choose/use another value from the table...
And so on
Works beautifully, even better than HLOOKUP or VLOOOKUP
but... Be warned - there is a limit to the number of nested if statements excel can handle.
Microsoft replace SWITCH, IFS and IFVALUES with CHOOSE only function.
=CHOOSE($L$1,"index_1","Index_2","Index_3")
Recently I unfortunately had to work with Excel 2010 again for a while and I missed the SWITCH function a lot. I came up with the following to try to minimize my pain:
=CHOOSE(SUM((A1={"a";"b";"c"})*ROW(INDIRECT(1&":"&3))),1,2,3)
CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER
where A1 is where your condition lies (it could be a formula, whatever). The good thing is that we just have to provide the condition once (just like SWITCH) and the cases (in this example: a,b,c) and results (in this example: 1,2,3) are ordered, which makes it easy to reason about.
Here is how it works:
Cond={"c1";"c2";...;"cn"} returns a N-vector of TRUE or FALSE (with behaves like 1s and 0s)
ROW(INDIRECT(1&":"&n)) returns a N-vector of ordered numbers: 1;2;3;...;n
The multiplication of both vectors will return lots of zeros and a number (position) where the condition was matched
SUM just transforms this vector with zeros and a position into just a single number, which CHOOSE then can use
If you want to add another condition, just remember to increment the last number inside INDIRECT
If you want an ELSE case, just wrap it inside an IFERROR formula
The formula will not behave properly if you provide the same condition more than once, but I guess nobody would want to do that anyway
If your using Office 2016 or later, or Office 365, there is a new function that acts similarly to a CASE function called IFS. Here's the description of the function from Microsoft's documentation:
The IFS function checks whether one or more conditions are met, and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition. IFS can take the place of multiple nested IF statements, and is much easier to read with multiple conditions.
An example of usage follows:
=IFS(A2>89,"A",A2>79,"B",A2>69,"C",A2>59,"D",TRUE,"F")
You can even specify a default result:
To specify a default result, enter TRUE for your final logical_test argument. If none of the other conditions are met, the corresponding value will be returned.
The default result feature is included in the example shown above.
You can read more about it on Microsoft's Support Documentation

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