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I'm currently using GitLab Enterprise in a team project. I now want to build out a board-based roadmap similar to Pivotal Tracker, Aha or Trello. (For this view, each month would be a "list" or Aha "milestone". We could then drag roadmap items from one month to another and the whole team can see where we are and our Issue priorities visually.)
I'm hoping we can only use GitLab for this and not need to integrate yet another tool.
In the "Boards" section of GitLab, I see I can make lists from GitLab Labels. This is OK, but I'd really like to make lists from GitLab Milestones. (Otherwise, I'd need to make another Milestone just to capture everything in the label.)
Am I missing something? Or is that really the best way to approach this with GitLab?
There is a roadmap feature for GitLab (premium/ultimate only)
It has evolved with GitLab 14.8 (February 2022)
Additional display options for roadmaps
In this release, we have introduced additional progress tracking capabilities to roadmaps. You can now view the percentage of completed epics based on issue count instead of issue weight. This functionality is useful for organizations that are using Kanban or other methodologies that don’t require their teams to set a weight on issues.
You can now also customize the level of milestones to include in your roadmap, allowing you to tailor your view to meet the needs of your audience.
See Documentation and Issue.
Milestones weren't designed with this use case in mind. Generally, once an issue is assigned to a Milestone, it doesn't change.
A common use case for milestones is to track Sprints or Iterations as milestones. The milestone's start and due dates would be the sprint start/end date respectively. During planning. issues would be tied to the appropriate milestone based on the sprint. If the work isn't finished by the due date (within the sprint period) the milestone stays the same.
Another use case is to use a milestone to track a scheduled release. In this case the start date can be empty, and the due date would be the release date. With this, if the release is missed the milestone still stays the same (ie, the issues are still attached the same) but it's completed after the due date.
Milestones do give some useful views about the attached issues, but not a board to move issues between them. Like you mentioned the only way to do that is with Labels, but they should work fine. You can customize the Labels you want to show up on a Board, and they order they're in. The only annoying (to me) thing about boards is that you can't get rid of the Open/Close lists, you can only collapse them. Looking at this issue (https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/-/issues/37747) I doubt it will ever happen.
If you use gitlab.com, https://gitboard.co/ has the milestone or epic board which could help your case. The auto sprint could create and close the regular scheduled milestone/sprint or whatever you call it.
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Specifically, should you only accept new work you know the team can finish in the given iteration? Is it ok to start the next highest priority backlog item even if you know the team doesn't have time to finish it? Thanks!
We use the time to fix bugs, and to pay back some technical debt.
If you can do this without talking to your product owner depends on your understanding of scrum or your work arrangement with the product owner.
In my personal opinion you make a promise for the sprint. Your part of the deal is to hold the promise. The Product Owner on the other hand is supposed to stay out of technical stuff, since that's what the developers are good at. Technical Debt is technical stuff. Bugs might be. But in the end you have to come to a common understanding with the PO what you can decide on your own and what you have to consult the PO with. In an ideal world the developers know so much about the product that they can make the decision on their own.
Starting on the next item is of course another option. If you can't finish it, Lex Scrum says don't touch it. And I like this law to some extend, because it actually creates slack that can be put to good use by developers ... like fixing bugs and paying back technical debt. If implementing another story is the best use of your time: find one that you can finish. If you can't find/create one, this is actually an impediment that you just found. Assuming we are talking at least about something like 4hours for 2-3 developers, we really should be able to find something useful to implement with these resources, shouldn't we?
should you only accept new work you know the team can finish in the given iteration? Is it ok to start the next highest priority backlog item even if you know the team doesn't have time to finish it?
Remember "Individuals and interactions over processes and tools" Do what your common sense tells you. Do not get too caught up in tools and processes.
As per the Scrum guide, the amount of work the Team commits to is completely up to the Team.
There is no harm in starting a next highest priority item when all the items above it are done. What would be preferable though is break the item down into a smaller or thinner slice which can actually be done.
If the Team finishes all it's Backlog Items well ahead of time, the team should definitely take up a few more.
I would take the next highest item in the backlog and work with the product owner on creating a story that can can be completed in this iteration...so break the story into a smaller size to fit.
We haven't taken new work irrespective of whether it can be finished within the sprint or not. You should instead focus on Technical Debt, Design Debt, Code Debt
Definitely break the story into something that fits. The team should never be committing to something it can't finish in a sprint. Additionally, only the team can add new work. If the team finishes early, the team needs to work with the Product Owner and agree to add work to the sprint. I've seen teams get into trouble when the "lead" or even the Scrummaster starts negotiating with the Product Owner outside of the team.
To answer the question definitively, Scrum says that you should negotiate with the Product Owner and about taking in extra work.
Scrum done well has the Scrum Team review their progress every day so you should see an early finish predicted way before it actually happens, giving you enough time to chat with the Product Owner about what to bring in to the Sprint.
Scrum done well also has the Scrum Team prepare User Stories well in advance of being pulled in to a Sprint (via Sprint Planning and Product Backlog Refinement) so the need to break a User Story into smaller components so they can fit in to a Sprint is lessened considerably.
Either you can break a story into a smaller one so you can deal with it within the current sprint or you can have a story informally split into two sprints putting off some of its tasks to the next one.
Remember that agile comes down to finding the best way to fit your team's needs, not about following structured rules.
Whichever way you go, I'd simply go to the team and ask them what do they want or think they should do. Remember, in Scrum we value self managing teams.
For suggestions, if they're stumped, I would say do one of the following:
Reduce technical debt
Use the time to learn something valuable
Let the team take a "Gold Card". They're on time, they probably earned it.
Split the next story into smaller (though still meaningful) stories, the first of which can be completed in time for the end of the sprint.
If the next story can't be completed as above, take the next story that can be completed in time.
Hope this helps,
Assaf.
Here's what my teams do-
First, it's up to the team to decide what additional work that they can fit into the remaining part of the sprint. It's critical that the whole team votes on this, not just the developers.
Second, if the team decides that they can handle X more points of work then they go to the PO and confirm the priority of the backlog items and find one or more stories that sum up to that X points. Sometimes they have to move down the backlog a bit to find ones that will fit. As long as the PO is ok with the final selection, the team moves forward with the new work.
Third, whatever new work the team selects has the same commitment level as the original work. Any partially completed stories at the end of the sprint are failed.
Finally, during planning for the next sprint, the velocity is adjusted upward (in this case) because it's quite likely that the team under-selected work at the beginning. This is a crucial point - the velocity should always reflect the team's best guess based on recent past history as to their work capacity. If the PO sees that the team is finishing early and heading off to do other non-backlog work, this can cause trust problems between the PO and the team. It's perfectly fine to decide as a team along with the PO to focus on technical debt (although I think that these are still stories since the work needs to be tested) or other items as long as there is discussion and agreement.
I think this is something you'll need to take a view on after a number of sprints. If you're regularly left with spare time at the end of a sprint, you should probably commit to more work in the planning session.
If it is happening rarely, I'd caution against routinely adding in tasks from the backlog as a matter of course. Unless you've done some decent backlog grooming they're unlikely to be the quick-wins they first appear. You also want to avoid a protracted mini planning session as those days you have free could quickly trickle away - especially if you're including the views of developers who have tasks outstanding.
By all means, seek to get ahead for the next sprint by reducing technical debt or backlog grooming etc but putting yourself on the back foot by committing to work late on is rarely worth the effort.
I think a solution of an under-committed sprint could be to stop the sprint. If the team has done the work then the sprint is over. The other option of adding more stories into the sprint backlog is too risky, and rarely will a team be 100% sure they can handle all the extra work.
As far as I know there is no rule that a (let's say, 2-week) sprint cannot be ended 2 or 3 days early.
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I recently interviewed with a company which has started introducing Scrum for their development cycles. I asked one of the developers how their experience has been, and it sounds like they are completely divested from the planning process. He wasn't allowed any input as to what went into a given Sprint, and didn't participate in any planning or grooming activities.
Basically, at the start of the last Sprint (or two) he was handed a to-do list. He had to breakdown items into their respective tasks (so they could be worked on over the Sprint), but wasn't involved in any planning activities; I'm skeptical he was allowed much input into how much effort an item might take -- I suspect the architects decided this for the team.
Is this how Scrum should be handled? My current team fully participates in all planning activities, continually adding our input as to how features may be addressed and how much effort they might take. I'm a bit skeptical (and nervous) about a company which simply hands developers a to-do list without asking for their input.
Note: I understand that once a Sprint starts, the list really is a prioritized to-do list. My concern is not having input into the planning process from the start.
If those who are doing the work don't get to give input saying what amount of work can fit into a sprint and let the business decide whats most important and should be scheduled to fit. Its not going to work run away. They are using new trendy agile words but doing the same old things.
(...) He wasn't allowed any input as to what went into a given Sprint, and didn't participate in any planning or grooming activities.
Obviously, they're still doing command and control and micro-management (the team is not empowered and self-organizing) and they are still using push-based scheduling (they didn't enable pull-scheduling).
Scrum has other characteristics but the above points are more than enough to say that they aren't doing Scrum, regardless of how they name it, they didn't really shift from the outdated waterfall approach (they just did put some lipstick on the pig).
This is a big hint that they're still totally clueless about what Scrum is about, they didn't get it at all. And this is not going to change without some inspection and adaptation, if they even want to change. If you don't have the power to make this happen, run away.
Is this how Scrum should be handled?
No.
I worked at a place that called themselves agile. They had 6-8 month release cycles. Some things came from a backlog, but during the "Requirements Gathering" phase, basically the managers would spend a week or two meeting with various people in the company, and write up a feature list. The first day of each 4 week "iteration", the dev team would all get together and break down everything in a series of meetings. The last day of the iteration was deployment day, where there would be an intrim deployment that nobody outside of the dev team ever saw.
During the 8 month release cycle, the managers would touch base with the stakeholders maybe once or twice in the last two months of the release, at which point the only issues raised in those meetings that had a chance in hell of getting done before release were issues that were bad enough to make the whole effort useless if they were not implemented.
This is not agile, this is a variant on waterfall with a poor choice of ideas and methodologies cherry picked from other methodologies. At the end of the day, it still has all the same problems that waterfall does.
The lesson I took from my employment there is that development methodologies include things for a reason. If you are cherry picking from a methodology without fully understanding it (and by fully understanding, I mean having actually worked with it), there is a high chance that you will not use something that is actually vitally important to the whole thing. For example, in xp, kent beck advocates relying on refactoring later as a way to cut down on up front design. However, the only reason this actually works is that he also advocates TDD and pair programming. If you have a comprehensive test suite and an extra set of eyes there for the whole thing, refactoring is fairly safe. If you just cherry pick the first part and leave those two out, you are essentially cowboy coding.
I am extremely skeptical of shoppes that roll their own methodologies for this reason. There are an absolutely shocking amount of crimes being committed in the name of agile.
Is this how Scrum should be handled?
Definitely not. Scrum strives to increase transparency. By blocking developers from planning activities, they are doing the opposite of what scrum suggests.
You talked about 2 points here:
1. Sprint Planning - The Scrum Team members should be Definitely required here.
2. Backlog Grooming - May or may not be required here. You have to use your resources wisely and with common sense. One team member with strong developer background would be okay here I think.
There is one more type in Scrum:
Release Planning - Some might say developers are not needed here. But as per the Scrum Guide - "Release planning requires estimating and prioritizing the Product Backlog for the Release". Well prioritization can be done by the POs and suggested by the stake holders, but estimating would be most accurate if it is done by someone who is actually going to do the work, so it is a good idea to involve developers here. Again, resources should be used wisely. If it makes sense to not involve all developers and have people rotate turns to estimate, that is not a bad idea.
I suggest follow this structure:
Sprint Planning - part 1 : Estimation and pulling backlogs in Sprint from product backlog (PO, SM and Team are pigs here)
Sprint Planning - part 2 : Tasking, estimating task hours and breaking them down. (SM, and Team are pigs, PO is chicken here unless PO is taking tasks as well)
It is up to the team to figure out, during the sprint planning meeting, how it will turn the selected product backlog into a shippable product functionality. If they are not part of this process then they would not be able to commit.
The answer to your title question is: Developers (team) must participate in planning meetings. Planning meetings are for developers (team).
The good approach is to have two planning meetings at the beginning of each sprint: Planning meeting 1 and Planning meeting 2. In Planning meeting 1 Product owner gives prioritized (and size estimated - size estimation is not done on planning meeting) product backlog to the team and team starts to discuss most prioritized user stories. For each disucssed user story team should be able to collect:
Detailed requirements (for example which fields the input form has to have ...)
Constraints (for example how fast the functionality has to be)
Acceptance tests (verification of results)
UI sketches (for example how should UI flow looks like)
Acceptance criteria (validation from end user - acceptance criteria doesn't have to be real test. It can be something related to "easy to use" etc.)
There should be time boundary for Planning meeting 1. Number of user stories you were able to discuss can correspond to number of user stories you will be able to complete in upcoming sprint. At the end of Planning meeting 1 team must make commitment - say how many of discussed user stories will be done in upcomming sprint. Sprint planning meeting 2 is only for team because team further discusses user stories and breaks them into tasks.
Generally, of course they should. Obviously, it's never realistically possible to the degree that developers would like. However, if sprints are usually "Hair On Fire" type affairs, where the developers get no serious input at all... then at the very LEAST there should be regularly-scheduled "entropy reduction" sprints, where all tasks are selected exclusively by the developers for the purpose of cleaning crap up.
At least some developers need to be there so work can be properly estimated and pipelined.
But not all developers need to be there. All can be there is it makes more sense.
On the other hand, developers need to understand that the business priorities are the priorities, no matter what they think should come next. Everyone has to work together ot make it work.
I'm not so much worried about my input, but about my insight. I recently was involved in a project where I had no knowledge of the project before the plans were handed to me supposedly complete. The nightmare started when I discovered that the process was not completely thought out and the data definitions were not complete. I wound up having to go through the whole process again to get the answers that I required.
The Team can be involved in the planning process without a formal process or meeting. The planning process is really very fluid. At the start, the goal should be to get to starting sprints ASAP. Spending too much time in planning before the first sprint feels very waterfall and is a waste of everyone's time. I, as a team member would feel relieved to not be a part of that, except for the fact that it indicates a dysfunctional nature to the organization. The Team should always be free to voice ideas on an ongoing basis (since that's when the real planning happens). But, 2 things you mentioned concern me most.
First, the Team should be the only ones to determine how many backlog items they can do this sprint. They certainly would be involved in estimating the effort. That's a big problem.
Second, the Team does not sound like they have access to the product owner (maybe there ins't even one here). Even if the team has not been involved in the "planning" thus far, surely if I were talking to the product owner in the planning meeting, or had access to them at other times, I would voice suggestions over time.
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Scrum and agile says that items on the current sprint backlog should be approached in priority order, and one item at a time by the whole team.
Practically, that never seems to work for our team. Either the item is too small for all team members to be productive (including taking pairing into account). So we end up perhaps doing two or three items across the team at any one time.
I'd be interested to hear how other teams do it, and also how many items they usually commit to in a given sprint.
items on the current sprint backlog should be approached in priority order, and one item at a time by the whole team.
I don't know who says this, I at least don't remember having heard or read anything like the emphasized text so far. Of course, it depends also on whether an item for you is a story or a single task.
If it's a story (usually consisting of several tasks), there might be a chance of achieving this. However, as you say, sometimes the story just doesn't include enough tasks to keep everyone busy. Also often the tasks related to a story strongly depend on each other, e.g. there might be a design session (involving part or whole of team), then one or more coding tasks, then code review, functional testing, documentation etc. Obviously one can't do functional testing before the coding, and so on.
Since everyone has to do something, there will be at least as many tasks open at any given time as there are team members (or pairs). Taking into account that sometimes tasks are on hold for various reasons (inter-task dependencies, information needed from external parties etc.), usually even more.
In one Scrum project with a team of 4 developers, we had a very similar situation. We did strive to take stories in priority order as much as possible, and usually we had multiple stories and several tasks open at any time. In the beginning we often had problems with several half-finished stories at the end of the sprint. So we realized it is important to keep the number of open tasks / stories to a minimum, i.e. always attempt to finish open tasks /stories first before starting a new one. But practically, that minimum was never meant to be 1.
As for the number of stories per sprint, we just put in as many as we could comfortably fit in based on our (story, then task level) estimations. That was of course greatly influenced by our velocity, which in the beginning was estimated too high. After a couple of months we chipped it down to 60%, and that value seemed to work for us.
The advice to approach each item by the whole team is there to avoid creating mini-waterfalls within sprints, where items are passed from one specialized group to another. That leads to stuff like testers having nothing to do in first days of the sprint, then working overtime for the last couple of days when coders fiddle their thumbs. Teams should approach the problem as a whole with everyone chipping in, even outside of their respective "specialization". Yes, coders can test, testers can code and both can design architectures etc. - and in the process learn something new (amazing). That is not to say everyone should be very good at everything - it is just to say attitude like "I don't test, I'm a coder" or "I won't write this script, I'm a tester" should have no place in a Scrum team.
It is also advised to tackle items one by one inside of sprint to make sure something is actually delivered at the end. Limiting work in progress (WIP) prevents situation, where everyone did some tasks on each item, but no item has been completed by sprint's end.
However, this shouldn't be viewed as advice, not a very strict rule. For example when you have two small stories and a team of 10 it probably doesn't make sense to have all of the team swarm on just one story.
Bottom line is: no one should tell the team how to divide work among themselves, but delivering what they committed to at Sprint Planning should be expected.
I think it depends on the makeup of your team. If you have a team where anyone can take on any given task within a user story, then this works well. If you do not, then there will likely be idle time for some individuals.
The point in working the user stories based on priority is simple... you get the highest priority user story completed first. This adds the most value from the perspective of the customer who actually set the priority.
As for how many user stories to commit to during a sprint, that depends on a few factors:
Team Availability, Team Velocity, and Sprint Duration. So, I'm not sure how much value you will get out of knowing how many stories other people tackle during a sprint.
Noel, is your team trained to work in a Scrum team ? I mean did you send them to Scrum Course prior beginning the project ?
I've seen so many team failing with Scrum just because they misunderstood what was written in a book on a blog.
Also having an experienced Scrum Practitioner or Scrum Coach will help you a lot.
To answer your question specifically, check this nice free ebook that is different than others:
http://www.crisp.se/henrik.kniberg/ScrumAndXpFromTheTrenches.pdf
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We attempt to do agile development at my current job and we succeed for the most part. The main problem seems to be that the developers on the project are always waiting for requirements at the beginning of the sprint and rushing to get get things down by the end. The business analysts who are delivering the requirements are always working non-stop to get the requirements done.
EDIT: Additional Information:
We are customizing a COTS application for our internal use. Our 'user stories' just consist of what part of the application we will be customizing in the specific sprint and also what systems we will integrate with internally. The integration with different systems normally works pretty well because we can start working on that right away. The 'customize x screen' are the main problems areas because the developers can't do anything from that. We have to wait until we get the requirements from the BAs before we can really do anything.
EDIT: More insight/confusion perhaps:
I wonder if part of the problem is that the screen that are being customized are already there as this is a COTS product that is being heavily customized. People suggest that the user stories should be along the lines of 'make a screen that does X'. That's already done. Maybe there isn't a good way to do user stories for these requirements... maybe this need to be a whole new question.
Don't wait. Build a prototype based on whatever minimal requirements you do have and get feedback ASAP from the product owner. More often than not they don't know what they want anyway - if you can show them something tangible as a starting point you're more likely to get useful feedback. Also, once you have a better idea of the real requirements you will probably have already gained a lot of insight from developing your prototype.
If I understand your situation correctly, the BAs are the ones falling behind. There are two things you could try.
Try either small sprints or smaller requirement chunks. Either way the work for the BAs should be more concise and managable.
Take an interation to rework or bug squash. That should give the BAs sometime to get ahead of the curve.
If, however, the problem is that the BAs need to see the previous requirements in the "wild" before making more requirements you have much bigger issues. :)
At a previous position we managed this by asking our business customers to be a week ahead or so. Sure this breaks from some of the strict interpretations of agile but it made things so much easier. We would have both testing and the business working a week or 2 off from development so when developers were working on iteration 2 testing is working on what came out of IT1 and the business is on IT3. Priority was always given to active development so sometimes it broke down if a story was particularly flexible (i.e. the business had to spend lots of time revising things mid iteration) but overall it worked well.
Update to respond to the questioneers Update
It seems to me those don't really stand on their own as stories then and maybe the BA team needs to reevaluate how they are writing stories. I mean you can't reall "tell a tale" with customize X screen. In theory a story should be something like "When the user goes to screen X they should be able to modify (and save) the floozit"
Sounds like the BAs may not be handing you your user stories for the sprint in a timely manner.
I take it that there is no sprint planning sessions from what you say.
Given that one of the big tenets of Scrum is that the development team takes responsibility for what they will work on per sprint, it sounds like this ain't too agile to me! (-:
Apart from having short sprints that is.
Well, a couple of things might help
- In the SCRUM process, there is the concept of Product Owner wchich is a Pig Role, this represents the customer. So you can invite the PLM or the client's main contact to your SCRUM's meeting. This will give your customer's some buy-in into your process and will get them to work "with" you on your goals
- Weekly builds to the client might help. So, the basic idea of the weekly drops is to show the customer "progress". So if for a few weeks there is no progress, this should raise the question "why?" and then you should be able to explain that it is for the lack of requirements finalization.
Hope this helps
the "user story" is a placeholder for a future conversation, so get in front of the customer and ask them; if that's the BA's job, light a fire ;-)
Your user stories are incomplete. 'Customize X screen' is a task, it doesn't describe any requirements or completion criteria. The user story should be something like 'Allow Nancy to see the related purchase orders for an item in inventory'. Then break that down into tasks during your sprint that you can work on.
Once the BAs have developed a workable user story then add it to your product backlog, prioritize it, and plan your sprints for the top backlog items. The BAs should be developing user stories and adding to your backlog independent of your sprints, and thus not blocking you. During a sprint the tasks are completed and the user story does not change. After releasing the customer provides feedback which goes into the product backlog as more user stories.
I see a few ways to handle this:
Option 1, Under SCRUM, you should have a Product Owner who is managing your product backlog, which is supposed to contain requests for features of the software. If the feature consists of something vague like 'Customize screen X' and you decide to add that to your sprint, then the sprint tasks should be concrete, decomposed tasks, and I would say one of those tasks has to be 'Define requirements for screen X'.
During the daily SCRUM, when you're asking your three questions of each team member, the developer who has that screen mod task will say "I'm blocked waiting for requirements from the BA.", and your scrum master does what they can to get that moving along.
option 2, in my opinion, is that items do not go into your product backlog until they're defined well enough to do at least some productive work on. We all know requirements change, but the point is that you're supposed to have enough to start with.
Easy.
Allow yourself to think outside of Scrum's strict rules, and get back to your lean roots:
http://availagility.wordpress.com/2008/04/09/a-kanban-system-for-software-development/
http://leansoftwareengineering.com/2007/10/31/spreadsheet-example-for-a-small-kanban-team/
http://www.infoq.com/articles/hiranabe-lean-agile-kanban
Trust me, once you get that flow going, you'll never look back.
As it is said above, usually at the beginning of each sprint you should prioritize the existing backlog and pick some stories for the current sprint. If there is not enough user stories for the developers, you should shift developers to another project and let the product owner some time to create a decent (=large enough to feed some team) backlog for the project.