Save Multiple Password Accounts for Git? - linux

I know it's a bit of a pain to do, but I have multiple accounts for my personal accounts and work accounts. I generate tokens for these accounts so they have restricted access and I don't have to use my actual password so it is more secure. The problem I have is that there doesn't seem to be a very good way to store these passwords for multiple accounts. This applies for both Windows and Linux. The "easiest" way I found was just to have multiple user accounts on the system, which isn't that convenient. Otherwise if you have one repo and you try and set the user using git config user.name etc, it'll use the wrong password/account anyways for that repo.
Is there an easier or better way to go around this? To have multiple passwords saved for git and just be able to choose the account you want to use for the repo and have it just work?

Most common way people solve this issue is to: git config --global credential.useHttpPath true - and have different user/pass record in credential storage for every repo. But if you have tons of repos, this can pollute credential store quite fast, making it not really that nice of a solution.
You would end up with records like:
git:https://PersonalAccessToken#github.com/YourUsername/YourRepo1.git
git:https://PersonalAccessToken#github.com/YourUsername/YourRepo2.git
git:https://PersonalAccessToken#github.com/YourUsername/YourRepo3.git
git:https://github.com/YourUsername/YourRepo1.git
git:https://github.com/YourUsername/YourRepo2.git
git:https://github.com/YourUsername/YourRepo3.git
The way I prefer to solve this issue is to use credential.namespace git config option. Idea is to create different namespaces for your different accounts, so that they don't clash in your system credential manager.
For example (using github.com as example url), you can decide one of those accounts is your main and set it up in global git config:
git config --global credential.namespace "MainAccount"
git credential approve
url=https://github.com
username=YourMainAccUsername
password=YourMainAccPasswordOrToken
<Enter>
and then enter repo where you want to log in with different credentials and set it up locally:
cd path/to/other/repo
git config credential.namespace "OtherAccount"
git credential approve
url=https://github.com
username=YourOtherAccUsername
password=YourOtherAccPasswordOrToken
<Enter>
And you can verify in your credential manager, you should have two new records:
MainAccount:https://github.com/
OtherAccount:https://github.com/
And you can verify in command prompt what credentials will be sent to git server:
git credential fill
url=https://github.com
<Enter>

You might consider using a credential helper like the recent (July 2020) GCM Core, announced by GitHub.
Git Credential Manager Core (GCM Core) is a secure Git credential helper built on .NET Core that runs on Windows and macOS.
Linux support is planned, but not yet scheduled.
For Linux, in the meantime, you can use the Java GCM.
(see last section below)
In both instance, the usage is the same: you can cache credentials (like your token) for a given URL.
Update Sept. 2020 (2+ months later) for Linux: microsoft/Git-Credential-Manager-Core issue 135 mentions, From GitHubber Matthew John Cheetham:
We have a pre-release of a GCM Core that supports Linux! 🥳
At the moment we provide a Debian package, and a tarball of the git-credential-manager-core single binary.
The .deb is currently unsigned and not uploaded anywhere except on GitHub.
We are in the process of getting package signing set up and will be publishing it to an official Microsoft feed (so you'll be able to use apt-get!).
Currently the pre-built binaries are only provided for 64-bit Intel processors.
See more at Credential stores on Linux
There are currently three options for storing credentials that Git Credential Manager Core (GCM Core) manages on Linux platforms:
freedesktop.org Secret Service API
GPG/pass compatible files
Plaintext files
Update Aug. 2021: issue 135 is now closed by Matthew John Cheetham (GitHub staff):
Closing this issue as GCM Core can now run on Linux distributions.
For further issues/bugs, or support for more distributions please open new issues. Thanks!

Related

Issue with authentication using Git Kraken and self hosted Gitlab

so I have a self-hosted Gitlab, I use Git kraken pro and git for windows to enable the LFS component.
I'm having the issue where when I push to my repository git kraken asks for authentication. (Username and password.) How ever I have no such issue when I pull the data, it will just do the job. And the same is for the LFS, I can pull but not push the data without a password.
Here is the set up:
I have not been successful in setting up the ssh keys at this point as it refuses to use them and I'm still trying to work that issue out.
I have pressed the "remember me" option for the pop up and that doesn't seem to work
I have set up the access token and that all works.
The GitLab ce is installed on a Linux OS and I am connecting to it via 4 windows PC's using git kraken (all on pro licenses).
Git lab CE is updated to the latest version and same for git Kraken
Obviously, the preferred method of connection to the git is SSH but it refuses to work. I have tried the git kraken's version of ssh and manually creating and installing the keys using cmd line.
When I enter the U/P to push the data it only works for that single push even if I don't restart git lab. Every single time I need to place a user name and password and this is tiresome.
What I'm asking is, how can I fix this? This is my first full-fledged self-hosted git, and I've learned things on the fly, I do have normal git experience but the set up for the self-hosted is a lot more involved compared to just using git itself.
The reason I am self-hosting is, cost. My repos are GB in size and I have many. So, I need to have my own set up to avoid having those kinds of costs.
How can this be fixed?
When I enter the U/P to push the data it only works for that single push even if I don't restart git lab. Every single time I need to place a user name and password and this is tiresome.
Double-check if your GitKraken is actually using an SSH URL (git#yourServer:user/repo), as a username/password should only work for HTTMS URL (https://yourServer/user/repo)
Check the SSH port is reachable from your windows:
curl -v telnet://yourServer:22
If it does not connect, double-check your Omnibus installation on Linux, making sure the SSH daemon is started and active, using the right sshd_config.
The OP Maize adds in the comments:
A complete reinstall and removal of setting in GitKraken solved the issue.
Previous uninstalled seems to of kept the settings, so when I removed those, it sorted itself out.

how to set permission in Git?

I am new to Git and after I lots of searching I found that I must have set Linux permissions in my Git server.
But I want to know, is it possible to set permissions in Git?
I am working on a team about six people and I don't like to everyone on the team can access all the project for security reasons.
For example, If somebody in my team works on UI in my Store section I want to he/she have it's own branch but when he/she PULL the project with Git just have access to files and folders I let.
I have to add that I have my own Git server on a local network using Linux Debian and I'm using "SourceTree" as my GUI for Git and I have few experience on Git command line, so I need do it from GUI if possible.
Edited:
Does Git lab support permission like this: I have a repository that uses Laravel framework and I'd like to set permission for UI developers that only access views and PHP developers access some controllers not all the part of the controller in the project.
You can checkout GitLab: https://about.gitlab.com/ for this. Out of the box git does not support what you need/want.
No, Git doesn't manage this directly. Anyone with authentication credentials to the repository has access to the entire repository.
Traditionally, this is managed with third-party solutions, such as Gitolite, GitHub private repositories, and other systems.
In addition to other answers: if you want only certain parts of project to be accessible to each developer, you can use git submodules.
This is also preferable if project has logically and functionally separate parts. (Like front-end and back-end. )

How to sync git on ubuntu with existing github projects?

I used mac github client to push my codes to my github account. On my Ubuntu linux computer I wan't to connect to github using the terminal so that it will automatically sync will all my projects on github. How would I do it? All the online help I have bumped in to so far only show how to clone an exiting git repository not how to connect to my github account and sync it.
git, the revision control system, doesn't know anything about Github, a website that keeps track of and hosts your git repositories for you. The concept of a Github account is totally alien to git, so you'll never be able to, say, browse all of the projects you own on Github with a git command. git only works on the level of individual repositories.
Github also provides a graphical client that handles both the git level stuff and the Github level stuff -- it understands what a Github account is, and will log in for you and display all of the repos associated with the account. It's also a fully featured git client that does a lot of work on the level of individual repos for you. However, this graphical client is currently only available for Windows and OS X, and is not available for Linux.
My own workflow on Linux is to use the github.com website plus the command-line git tool. To bridge the gap between Github and git, you need to git clone individual repos. Aside from that, you can do Github administrative tasks on the website, and you can work with individual repos with git on the command line.
If you don't like this work flow, you need to look at graphical git clients for Linux. I'm not sure if any exist that will do both git-level stuff and also interface with Github specifically and understand the idea of a Github account.
You could also theoretically try to run the Windows client in wine on Linux, but I would not recommend this approach except as a last resort.
First I don't know a program that automatically sync all my github repositories.
First you have to install git (if it has not been done already) tutorial
Than you should generate a rsa:key to be able to 'push' your repositories to github.
You can generate a rsa_key by following this tutorial notes ssh-add id_rsa should be ssh-add id_rsa.pub ....also you can name id_rsa as anything you want: like bran_rsa_key
You should post or add your rsa_key to git hub at this address. If you go to that link you will see that you already have some key for your Mac but nothing for your Ubuntu.
After installation you could install ungit if you're not that familliar with git

Looking for implementing a centralized git repository... with a catch

The idea behind what I am wanting to do is to create a centralized server on a linux system. I understand how to set this up, and already have. Next I would like to set up git on a windows system, aka the client, which I understand is possible through msysgit, and gitextensions. The problem though is that I am wanting to integrate the windows client to be able to push and pull visual studio files but keep the repositories on the linux server. So in short my question is how to have a centralized server on linux for git, while the client on windows is able to push to this centralized server. Thanks in advance!
I solved my problem. What I wanted to do was to create a ssh connection between the server(linux) and the client (windows). I used tortoise git in this case with the git source control provider (visual studio integration). Just follow the steps within the link and anybody else who might have this problem will be set!
Links:
For tortoise setup: http://theswarmintelligence.blogspot.com/2009/11/windows-tortoisegit-client-for-linux.html
What's the catch here? This sounds like a completely standard use case. It's probably best to use SSH as a transport to push to the server. A couple of things to be aware of are:
You should create your centralized repository as a bare repository (i.e. one without a working tree)
If you have multiple users who will push to that repository, create a group for them on the Linux machine, and make sure that the permissions for the repository are appropriate, e.g.:
git init --bare --shared=group newrepository.git
chgrp -R developers newrepository.git
Or if you're going to have multiple repositories or need more sophisticated access control, you may want to look at using gitolite on the server.
On the client side, GitHub has a nice walkthrough for installing msysgit on Windows (and generating an SSH key) here:
http://help.github.com/win-set-up-git/
... and there are tutorials for gitextensions on its site.

Subversion Repository on Linux Dev

What's the best practice for setting up a subversion repository on a linux development machine. External users need to be able to access a specific repository, but nothing else on the machine. I know one answer is to set up a dedicated repository, but I'm looking for a single machine solution: location of repositories, accounts, backup procedures.
One of the popular access methods to Subversion is via Apache module. You can set put different rights at the directory level to control access. See Choosing a Server Configuration and httpd, the Apache HTTP Server. For authentication, I recommend using external authentication source like Microsoft AD via mod_auth_sspi.
If you need to mix and match rights, see my answer for How can I make only some folders show up for certain developers with SVN.
I work for an IT operations infrastructure automation company; we do this all the time.
Location of repository: We use "/srv/svn" by default to store all SVN repositories, unless a customer has a specific requirement, for example an existing repository might be stored on a ReadyNAS shared filesystem.
Accounts: All our customers use LDAP. Either OpenLDAP server running on a master host, but sometimes Active Directory because some customers have a Windows domain in their office, which we can configure as well. Developers get access to the "SCM" group (usually svn, git or devel), and the 'deploy' group. These groups only have permissions to log in and perform SCM related activities (ie, write commits to the repo based on group ownership), or do application deployments to production.
Backup procedures: We use svnadmin hotcopy unless the customer already has something in place (usually svnadmin dump, heh).
svnadmin hotcopy /srv/svn /srv/svn_backups/$(date +%Y%m%d)
For access to the repo, it's usually simple svn+ssh. Some customers already have an Apache setup, but not many. I recommend SSH. Developers push their public ssh keys out and all is well. There's little to no maintenance with LDAP user management (the only way to go).
I'd recommend looking at the chapter on server configuration in the subversion book. It makes suggestions about which configuration is more appropriate for your use.
For what it's worth, setting up a repository using the stand alone svn daemon is very straight forward. The annoying thing is managing user rights.
I have a blog posting that describes the steps necessary to set up and initiate a Linux-based Subversion server in order to maintain code repositories etc.
Basically the steps are:
Download the Subversion tarball.
Unzip and install Subversion.
Deal with any installation problems that arise when running ./configure, if any.
Create the Subversion repository using svnadmin create.
Edit the repository configuration file using your text editor of choice.
Ditto the password file.
Import your code, projects etc into the repository using svn import.
Start the server as a daemon eg svnserve -d. It is also possible to get it to do this automatically
upon reboot.
Start using it using standard Subversion commands to eg check out, check in, backup etc...

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