How do I secure web API of my public website? - security

I have a public website developed using dot net core 3.0 which anyone can access. It basically allow users to search key information about a place.
So whenever user Search for any place I store the place information in SQL
But I am confused, how do I secure my web API. As anyone can see my JS and page source. And figure out API endpoint. Then any one can hit it using postman.
I have already configured HTTPS but is there anything I can do to secure it?

For this you can use JWT Authentication which is simple & best to secure our application.
Visit: https://jasonwatmore.com/post/2019/10/11/aspnet-core-3-jwt-authentication-tutorial-with-example-api

Related

What is the best Security Implementation for WebApi and Web Applications

I'm trying to create a web application that uses a Web API to perform database operations. I've created a project at work that uses Windows Authentication on the API Level. Since this is an intranet web application I don't need to implement a login mechanism on the web application. However, this project I'm working on can be private or public web application and I would like to implement a login mechanism but I would like to be able to specify what type of security to use i.e. LDAP, generic username/password, Google, Facebook, etc.
The question is, what is the best strategy to implement security on both Web Application and Web Api. For Web Api, I could probably implement some soft of token mechanism like other Apis. But not sure if there are other ways.
Is Sign-in option like Google, Facebook, etc done on the Front-end side? or can I Implement it on the WebApi side?
The best practice on this case,
Web Application: client certificate authentication or username/password
Web API: JWT
or if the target company uses G suits with the company domain, Google will be okay.
You can set a filter using domain name of the email address.

How to restrict website to get opened only from UWP, not from browser

I have a website hosted on azure. The website is expected to get opened only from the UWP application and should be prevented to get open from browser directly. I was checking deep linking Web-to-App approach. Are there any other options to do this?
The only way you could do this would be to setup some kind of client authorization mechanism in a way that the app would add some additional request headers to with authentication information that the server would check to verify that the client is indeed the app.
You should look into IdentityServer4 documentation, as they show how such functionality can be implemented. You could implement this yourself or use IdentityServer4 or some other tool in the respective language you use on your backend.

Best practice to implement Web API authentication in a SPA web shop

At the moment we are building a web shop as a SPA application. All the SKU information is provided by a Web Api 2 service.
Of course the web shop is publicly available to every visitor, and currently there is only one user who can log in to manage the web shop: the administrator.
For the administrator we built in the basic authentication with the bearer token, as a lot of samples on the internet shows us, but now we need every user to log in before they can see any product. Not really what we have in mind for a web shop ;-)
What we would like to implement is that our Web Api is not available to the world but only for our SPA application. Every blog post or tutorial on authorization seems to assume that there is always a user that needs to log in, in our case there is only one user: the administrator.
The AllowAnonymous attribute makes specific API calls available to the world again, so that's also a dead end.
Basically it comes down to preventing any other apps (web or mobile) to fetch the data from our Web Api.
What would be the best and most secure approach to secure our Web Api without having the anonymous visitors of our web shop to log in?
Solution for now: Altough I'm not 100% happy with this solution, it will work for now. We implemented the OAuth Implicit flow with CORS enabled for specific domain.
You should take a look at the OAuth 2.0 client credentials flow. The client in OAuth speak is the application and not the user using the application. This way you can make sure only your SPA app can access the backend API.
The parts that only should allow access to the administrator, you can decorate with the [Authorize(roles = administrator)] attribute, which prevents any other roles from having access.
I think Json Web Token could help you with this. This article has more information about using Json Web Token for granular authorization of your web api.
OAuth 2.0 is inherently insecure, and solely relies upon SSL. It has no encryption, and most of the latest web api gurus are suggesting that it's dead. This again is relative to what you need the security for. If it's for a social SPA where the data isn't financial or medical, for example, and good enough SSL security is ok, then perhaps OpenID or OAuth2 is suitable.
A much better solution is to implement Identity 2.0 for the Web API authentication flow, and then utilize something like Hawk Protocol for HTTP MAC implementation. Check this out : https://github.com/webapibook/hawknet for an example.
For OAuth2 framework and a extensible solution, check out Thinktecture.IdentityServer3 on GitHub
For a lightweight .net 4.5 Web API Tokenization solution, check out Thinktecture.IdentityServer2 on GitHub.
Hope it helps.

Magento to NodeJS via REST APIs using OAuth

I'm trying to call one of Magento REST APIs (say products api) from a NodeJS application using a regular HTTP Request. I know that Magento APIs requires OAuth to authenticate the user/application, and this is where I'm a bit lost.
With Magento or any OAuth application, the end-user who is using the app has to click "Authorize" in order for that application to receive the token, and then the application will be able to communicate directly with Mangento APIs.
In my case, we are talking about 2 servers, Magento and NodeJS, that will talk to each other. So There is no user involve to sort of "Click" the authorize button and validate the auth request.
The point of what I'm trying to achieve is grab product data from Magento, store it in a DB, then make some changes, after that make it accessible via NodeJS REST APIs. (That is a hard requirement and I can't change it).
My question is, Do we have to write custom Magento REST APIs that doesn't require OAuth, or maybe require the regular basic HTTP Authentication (username/password). Or there is a way to use OAuth and authenticate my Node application directly?
I hope my question is clear, if not please let me know and I will try to fix it. Thanks!
After wrestling with a similar situation, I decided to use Magento's SOAP API. All you have to do as far as authentication goes is to set up an API user in the Magento backend and then use the username/password in your API calls (I think, it's been awhile). Not sure if this fits your use case but it saved me a lot of OAuth headache.

WebApi secured by Azure Active Directory called from JavaScript

I have the following scenario:
1.- A web api project in Azure, that I want to secure using Azure AD (I don't mind Token, cookie, whatever, as far as it meets the entire scenario)
2.- An Azure web site in asp.net MVC, also secured by Azure AD. This website has to call the web api controller with SSO (I'm using same Azure AD in the entire scenario)
3.- Some JavaScript code running in a page in SharePoint Online, also calling the web api controller in any secure way (The Office 365 tenant is also using same Azure AD). If you don't know about SharePoint, let's say I have an SPA project where I can only use Javascript and html (no server side code).
Following some of the MS Azure AD samples and some blogs from Vittorio Bertocci I'm able to get the points 1 and 2 working fine, using OWIN and Oppen ID connect. However, seems impossible to achieve point 3. As I'm inside a page in SharePoint Online, I can only use javascript, and not any server side code. I'd like to get a valid token for the current user, that is already logged in SP, and remember that SP uses same Azure AD that web api site.
Can I call the Azure AD and get a valid token, just from client code?
I'm open to any possible solution. I can do whatever in the web api project. If you are thinking in a SharePoint app with an appPart, and the appPart calls the web api from server side code, I agree that will work, but it's an option that is not allowed at the moment :(
Many thanks.
I have similar needs. While waiting for a Microsoft sponsored solution we’re working on the following approach.
3) in Your solution (i.e. HTML page with JavaScript, hosted in SharePoint Online and running in Browser) will call Services in 1) (i.e. Web Api Service layer in Azure).
In Our case we only want to validate that the calls made from SharePoint Online (via users browser, i.e. JavaScript) originate from a correct Office 365 / SharePoint Online user in our tenant.
We are opting out of using the App Model as we only want some simple HTML / JavaScript pages in our Intranet and don’t want App Webs. The Web Api server side code is kind of our “Web Part” code behind.
Change to the solution after trying it out and having workable code:
The auth cookies are ReadOnly and cannot be used. Instead we have registered one metod in our service layer as App in SharePoint Online (via appregnew.aspx). That methods url (e.g. https://cloudservice.customer.com/api/authentication/token) is registered as App start page in the app manifest and is deployed to a site Collection.
Now we can call our App via https://customer.sharepoint.com/sites/devassets/_layouts/15/appredirect.aspx?instance_id={GUID} i a jQuery ajax call and parse the result. AppRedirect sends the correct SPAuthToken which we use in our service endpoint (i.e. App start page) to call back to SharePoint and check context.Web.CurrentUser. User email is then stored in Table Storage with a generated Token which we send back to the caller (i.e. the jQuery ajax call to app redirect).
That token is then used in all other service layer calls in order to be sure of who is calling our service layer and in some cases perform authorization in our service layer.
Note, You can use the same approach in order to store Refresh and AccessToken in your client and provide that in all calls to your service from your client and use those tokens in order to do App Calls back to SharePoint. This enables HTML UI in SharePoint host webs and server code using user context in Azure service layer.
To follow up, ADAL.js has recently been released, and the ability to use CORS with O365 APIs was recently added, enabling a scenario for script clients to communicate with services protected by Azure AD, such as your Web API.
http://www.andrewconnell.com/blog/adal-js-cors-with-o365-apis-files-sharepoint
UPDATE 2018:
This is now supported by SharePoint Online and the SPFx development model, and officially documented, for instance here
Consume enterprise APIs secured with Azure AD in SharePoint Framework
Being said that the work done meanwhile by Vittorio, Kirk, and their teams, but extending that also to Andrew that has delivered great samples, is awesome; that doesn't really fully reply the original question because one of the requirements is to don't run the component as Add-in Part.
If you try to use ADAL JS (which starts its own OAuth flow) hosting that directly in a SP page, that's not going to work, or anyway you can expect a weird behavior for the user (cause of client redirects happening on the browser).
The solution proposed by Peter Karpinski is interesting, and will work matching the requirements in the original question, but requires quite some complexity and additional management/resources.
This recent article provides an alternative solution similar to Peter's one, but requiring less 'extras' and somewhat simpler, also reusing user's SP identity.
Consuming Azure Hosted Web API from SharePoint Online using JavaScript and Office 365 identities
and doesn't either require the use of ADAL on the client side and the implementation of custom security provider / token issuer on the server side.
The identity (cookie) will be passed via properly handling CORS (documentation) on both sides.
However, as you can read in my comments to that blog, this won't work normally with IE due to its security zone implementation. You'll have to be sure you have control on IE security zones on the clients, or have an alternative solution specific for IE.
As of today AAD does not support the OAuth2 implicit flow (or OpenId Connect variants) hence you can't obtain a token from AAD using a user-agent (browser), regardless of whether you hit the wire handcrafting the protocol or using a library.
However keep an eye on future announcements, as this is an important scenario for us!
HTH
Cheers,
V.
update we now support the implicit flow on our server, and we released a library for helping you consume the new feature: http://www.cloudidentity.com/blog/2015/02/19/introducing-adal-js-v1/
Thank youi for r your patience!
The fact that you say you can use only HTML/JS let me guess you're having a SharePoint-hosted App.
Azure AD Authentication Library (ADAL) doesn't provide yet in this moment support for HTML5.
I've been looking since a while (almost one year) on how to implement something as you say; but I couldn't find any working solution, which doesn't make use also of some 'code-behind'.
I'd suggest you then to move to a Provider-hosted App, where you'll be able to have some C# code, and make use of ADAL to retrieve and reuse the OAuth token.
Also, I think is worth to look at this documentation page:
Choose patterns for developing and hosting your app for SharePoint
at section Match your hosting pattern with your development goals
thanks for your help.
Well, it's not a SP-Hosted App, but it's same scenario. It's just a SP page in SP Online, so I can only use JS code like in a SP-hosted app.
As I said in my question, I agree the Provider hosted app is likely the right (or at least, the unique) solution, but that means to build and app, deploy it, and add teh appPart manually to the page (is not easy to package in a WSP). So, this solution is quite hard, when you only want to make some AJAX calls and show some data.
However, after all that I've seen, I think we can't do anything else. I'm gonna wait some more days to see if someone know any weird workarround that could work, and if not, I'll mark your answer as valid.
Thanks again!

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