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When are square brackets required in a Bash if statement?
(3 answers)
Closed 2 years ago.
Hi I am trying to use grep with if and if the value is found under the directory it should update the file name with "_1" else copy to other directory
cd /home/inbound/ftp
f3=822220222 #ordernumber which change every time for this instance we use this
if [ grep -lq $f3 ]; then
f4=`find . -name *$f3*` #trying to get the existing file name if available
mv "$f4" "$f4_1" #updating existing file with "_1"
else
cp $file /home/outbound/ftp
grep command can be used to search a pattern in a file or an output. it can be connected to ls with a pipe to check this. However for your scenario the below would be an better alternative to find if the file is present
cd /home/inbound/ftp
f3=822220222 #ordernumber which change every time for this instance we use this
if [ -f "*$f3*" ]; then
f4=`find . -name *$f3*` #trying to get the existing file name if available
mv "$f4" "$f4_1" #updating existing file with "_1"
else
cp $file /home/outbound/ftp
However this checks for your order number in the variable f3. However you already know the filename that you are going to copy. so you can use that instead of f3.
cd /home/inbound/ftp
filename=`basename $file` #file name of the File being FTPed
if [ -f $filename ]; then
mv "$filename" "$filename_1" #updating existing file with "_1"
fi # closing this here will make sure the file gets copied all the time
cp $file /home/outbound/ftp
Related
I have a lot of daily files that are sort by hours which comes from a data-logger (waveform). I downloaded inside a USB stick, now I need to save them inside folders named with the first 8 characters of waveform.
Those files have the following pattern:
Year-Month-Day-hourMinute-##.Code_Station_location_Channel
for example, inside the USB I have:
2020-10-01-0000-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-10-01-0100-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-10-02-0300-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-10-20-0000-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-10-20-0100-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-11-15-2000-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-11-15-2100-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-11-19-0400-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE; 2020-11-19-0900-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE;
I modified a little a code from #user3360767 (shell script to create folder daily with time-stamp and push time-stamp generated logs) to speed up the procedure of creating a folder and moving the files to them
for filename in 2020-10-01*EHE; do
foldername=$(echo "$filename" | awk '{print (201001)}');
mkdir -p "$foldername"
mv "$filename" "$foldername"
echo "$filename $foldername" ;
done
2020-10-01*EHE
Here I list all hours from 2020-10-01-0000-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE
foldername=$(echo "$filename" | awk '{print (201001)}');
Here I create the folder that belongs to 2020-10-01 and with the following lines create the folder and then move all files to created folder.
mkdir -p "$foldername"
mv "$filename" "$foldername"
echo "$filename $foldername" ;
As you may notice, I will always need to modify the line for filename in 2020-10-01*EHE each time the file changes the date.
Is there a way to try to create folders with the first 8 number of the file?
Tonino
Use date
And since the foldername doesn't change, you don't need to keep creating one inside the loop.
files="$(date +%Y-%m-%d)*EHE"
foldername=$(date +%Y%m%d)
mkdir -p "$foldername"
for filename in $files; do
mv "$filename" "$foldername"
echo "$filename $foldername"
done
Edit:
If you want to specify the folder each time, you can pass it as an argument and use sed to get the filename pattern
foldername=$1
files=$(echo $1 | sed 's/\(....\)\(..\)\(..\)/\1-\2-\3/')
filepattern="$files*EHE"
mkdir -p "$foldername"
for filename in $filepattern; do
mv "$filename" "$foldername"
echo "$filename $foldername"
done
You call it with
./<yourscriptname>.sh 20101001
I think you want to move all files whose names end in *EHE into subdirectories. The subdirectories will be created as necessary and will be named according to the date at the start of each filename without the dashes/hyphens.
Please test the following on a copy of your files in a temporary directory somewhere.
#!/bin/bash
for filename in *EHE ; do
# Derive folder by deleting all dashes from filename, then taking first 8 characters
folder=${filename//-/}
folder=${folder:0:8}
echo "Would move $filename to $folder"
# Uncomment next 2 lines to actually move file
# mkdir -p "$folder"
# mv "$filename" "$folder"
done
Sample Output
Would move 2020-10-01-0000-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE to 20201001
Would move 2020-10-01-0100-03.AM_REDDE_00_EHE to 20201001
Note that the 2 lines:
folder=${filename//-/}
folder=${folder:0:8}
use "bash parameter substitution", which is described here if you want to learn about it, and obviate the need to create whole new processes to run awk, sed or cut to extract the fields.
This question already has answers here:
How to loop through a directory recursively to delete files with certain extensions
(16 answers)
BASH: Writing a Script to Recursively Travel a Directory of N Levels
(2 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
I'm trying to write a bash script that recursively goes through files in a directory, writing the file's name and hexdump to a file. My current script:
#/bin/sh
touch hexdump.txt
for filename in logical/*; do
echo "$filename"
"$filename" >> hexdump.txt
hd /logical/"$filename" >> hexdump.txt
done
The current output is:
logical/*
./hexadecimalExtraction.sh: line 5: logical/*: No such file or directory
hd: /logical/logical/*: No such file or directory
How do i get it to interpret "logical/*" as the list of files within "logical" directory and not the filename itself???
"$filename" >> hexdump.txt
should probably be removed
Otherwise you are trying to run the filename itself.
Also you are looking for files in logical subdirectory in the current directory, but the trying to look in /logical/
You can't recurse with for filename in logical/*. In order to recurse, you have to use find.
To make find visit only files, not directories, use find -type f.
I don't know hd, but you probably want
find tutorials -type f | while read i; do
echo $i >> hexdump.txt
hd $i >> hexdump.txt
done
You're looking for the ** glob operator.
shopt -s globstar nullglob
for filename in logical/**/*; do
echo "$filename"
hd "$filename"
done >> hexdump.txt
filename will contain the full name of the matched files, which already includes the directory logical and any sub directories.
I am still a newbie in shell scripting and trying to come up with a simple code. Could anyone give me some direction here. Here is what I need.
Files in path 1: /tmp
100abcd
200efgh
300ijkl
Files in path2: /home/storage
backupfile_100abcd_str1
backupfile_100abcd_str2
backupfile_200efgh_str1
backupfile_200efgh_str2
backupfile_200efgh_str3
Now I need to delete file 300ijkl in /tmp as the corresponding backup file is not present in /home/storage. The /tmp file contains more than 300 files. I need to delete the files in /tmp for which the corresponding backup files are not present and the file names in /tmp will match file names in /home/storage or directories under /home/storage.
Appreciate your time and response.
You can also approach the deletion using grep as well. You can loop though the files in /tmp checking with ls piped to grep, and deleting if there is not a match:
#!/bin/bash
[ -z "$1" -o -z "$2" ] && { ## validate input
printf "error: insufficient input. Usage: %s tmpfiles storage\n" ${0//*\//}
exit 1
}
for i in "$1"/*; do
fn=${i##*/} ## strip path, leaving filename only
## if file in backup matches filename, skip rest of loop
ls "${2}"* | grep -q "$fn" &>/dev/null && continue
printf "removing %s\n" "$i"
# rm "$i" ## remove file
done
Note: the actual removal is commented out above, test and insure there are no unintended consequences before preforming the actual delete. Call it passing the path to tmp (without trailing /) as the first argument and with /home/storage as the second argument:
$ bash scriptname /path/to/tmp /home/storage
You can solve this by
making a list of the files in /home/storage
testing each filename in /tmp to see if it is in the list from /home/storage
Given the linux+shell tags, one might use bash:
make the list of files from /home/storage an associative array
make the subscript of the array the filename
Here is a sample script to illustrate ($1 and $2 are the parameters to pass to the script, i.e., /home/storage and /tmp):
#!/bin/bash
declare -A InTarget
while read path
do
name=${path##*/}
InTarget[$name]=$path
done < <(find $1 -type f)
while read path
do
name=${path##*/}
[[ -z ${InTarget[$name]} ]] && rm -f $path
done < <(find $2 -type f)
It uses two interesting shell features:
name=${path##*/} is a POSIX shell feature which allows the script to perform the basename function without an extra process (per filename). That makes the script faster.
done < <(find $2 -type f) is a bash feature which lets the script read the list of filenames from find without making the assignments to the array run in a subprocess. Here the reason for using the feature is that if the array is updated in a subprocess, it would have no effect on the array value in the script which is passed to the second loop.
For related discussion:
Extract File Basename Without Path and Extension in Bash
Bash Script: While-Loop Subshell Dilemma
I spent some really nice time on this today because I needed to delete files which have same name but different extensions, so if anyone is looking for a quick implementation, here you go:
#!/bin/bash
# We need some reference to files which we want to keep and not delete,
# let's assume you want to keep files in first folder with jpeg, so you
# need to map it into the desired file extension first.
FILES_TO_KEEP=`ls -1 ${2} | sed 's/\.pdf$/.jpeg/g'`
#iterate through files in first argument path
for file in ${1}/*; do
# In my case, I did not want to do anything with directories, so let's continue cycle when hitting one.
if [[ -d $file ]]; then
continue
fi
# let's omit path from the iterated file with baseline so we can compare it to the files we want to keep
NAME_WITHOUT_PATH=`basename $file`
# I use mac which is equal to having poor quality clts
# when it comes to operating with strings,
# this should be safe check to see if FILES_TO_KEEP contain NAME_WITHOUT_PATH
if [[ $FILES_TO_KEEP == *"$NAME_WITHOUT_PATH"* ]];then
echo "Not deleting: $NAME_WITHOUT_PATH"
else
# If it does not contain file from the other directory, remove it.
echo "deleting: $NAME_WITHOUT_PATH"
rm -rf $file
fi
done
Usage: sh deleteDifferentFiles.sh path/from/where path/source/of/truth
This should be a relatively straightforward problem but I haven't found any answers within stackoverflow. In a given directory, I have ~1000 files that are numbered (e.g. chem-0320.inp). I would like to cp the numbered file to a correspondingly numbered directory; all copied files will be renamed with the same name. I would like to do this for a specified numbered of files (#'s 300-500 for example).
For example, I would like to copy chem-0320.inp to a directory named 320 and rename it mech.dat.
Another example: copy chem-0430.inp to a directory named 430 and rename it mech.dat.
Thanks in advance for your help!
The following script would do the work for you
for file in *.inp
do
dir=$(echo $file | sed -r 's/[^0-9]+0([0-9]+).*/\1/g')
mv $file $dir/mech.dat
done
"cd" first to right dir. Subdirs will be created there.
#!/bin/bash
lo_limit=300
hi_limit=500
for file in ./*.inp
do
dir="${file//[^0-9]/}"
dir_cut="${dir:1:3}" # leading zero cut off
if [ $dir_cut -ge $lo_limit ] && [ $dir_cut -le $hi_limit ]; then
echo "$file $dir_cut"
mkdir -p "$dir_cut"
cp "$file" "$dir_cut"/mech.dat
fi
done
This question already has answers here:
Closed 10 years ago.
Possible Duplicate:
Extract filename and extension in bash
Linux: remove file extensions for multiple files
For example, A.txt B.txt, I want to rename then to A and B .
How can I do it with shell script? Or other method ? Thanks.
for i in *.txt; do mv "$i" "${i%.txt}"; done
I would use something like:
#!/bin/bash
for file in *.txt
do
echo "$file" "$( echo $file | sed -e 's/\.txt//' )"
done
Of course replace the two above references of ".txt" to whatever file extension you are removing, or, preferably just use $1 (the first passed argument to the script).
Michael G.
for FILE in *.txt ; do mv -i "$FILE" "$(basename "$FILE" .txt)" ; done