What do {readonly} \ {query} mean in UML? - uml

Are they constraints?
Are they part of standard UML, or are they customized by startUML or EA?
How many of them are there? Where can I find a detailed description of each {xxx} in UML2.5 Specificationformal?
Thank you for your answers!

{xxx, yyy, ...} are properties you can put on attribute/relations/..., readOnly
There are predefined list of properties attached to some elements.
readOnly is one of the properties of Properties, § 9.5.4 from page 113 of formal 2017 2.5.1 :
‘readOnly’ means that the Property is read only.
‘union’ means that the Property is a derived union of its subsets.
‘subsets’ means that the Property is a proper subset of the Property identified by
, where may be qualified.
‘redefines’ means that the Property redefines an inherited Property identified by
, where may be qualified.
‘ordered’ means that the Property is ordered, i.e., isOrdered = true.
‘unordered’ means that the Property is not ordered, i.e., isOrdered = false.
‘unique’ means that there are no duplicates in a multi-valued Property, i.e., isUnique = true.
‘nonunique’ means that there may be duplicates in a multi-valued Property, i.e., isUnique = false.
‘seq’ or ‘sequence’ means that the property represents an ordered bag, i.e., isUnique = false and
isOrdered = true
‘id’ means that the Property is part of the identifier for the class.
query is one of the predefined property of Operation Template Parameters, of formal 2017 2.5.1 §9.6.4 page 118 :
‘redefines’ means that the Operation redefines an inherited Operation identified by ,
where may be qualified.
‘query’ means that the Operation does not change the state of the system.
‘ordered’ applies when there is a multi-valued return Parameter and means that its values are ordered.
‘unordered’ applies when there is a multi-valued return Parameter and means that its values are not
ordered.
‘unique’ applies when there is a multi-valued return Parameter and means that its values have no
duplicates.
‘nonunique’ applies when there is a multi-valued return Parameter and means that its values may have
duplicates.
‘seq’ or ‘sequence’ applies when there is a multi-valued return Parameter and means that its values
constitute an ordered bag, i.e., isUnique = false and isOrdered = true.

Related

what's the meaning of "type tags" in nodejs

assert.deepStrictEqual(actual, expected[, message]) in nodejs's docs:
Type tags of objects should be the same.
what's the meaning of "type tags"
const date = new Date();
const object = {};
const fakeDate = {};
Object.setPrototypeOf(fakeDate, Date.prototype);
// Different type tags:
assert.deepStrictEqual(date, fakeDate);
typeof date and typeof fakeDate ,The results are all object, but different type tags
Type tags in Javascript, are referred to the word returned by typeof
For example for primitive values:
typeof({}) // returns 'object', this is the type tag
For non-primitive:
Object.getPrototypeOf(new Date) // returns 'Date {}' this is the type tag
If typeof is used with Date it will returns object which is right, because that would be the type tag for the primitive value, this is why using Object.getPrototypeOf is more accurate.
In the firsts JS implementations, the type tag were stored the first 1–3 bits and the the remaining 29–31, contained the actual data.
What the NodeJS docs says, it's that the result of Object.getPrototypeOf function when comparing two objects has to be the same to be considered as equal.
This is an old question that has been already answered, but I thought I might add that, although:
In the first implementation of JavaScript, JavaScript values were
represented as a type tag and a value. The type tag for objects was 0.
null was represented as the NULL pointer (0x00 in most platforms).
Consequently, null had 0 as type tag, hence the typeof return value
"object".
Type tags can also refer to an object's toStringTag.
The Symbol.toStringTag well-known symbol is a string valued property
that is used in the creation of the default string description of an
object. It is accessed internally by the Object.prototype.toString()
method.
The value associated to the well-know Symbol.toStringTag is used as the default string description of an object. Since every built-in object has a toStringTag value (except for null prototypes), it can be used to detect an object's class.
There's a package called typetags that has more information about it: typetags.org

SVG—convert Units to use in SVGMatrix

I am about to write a routine that expands <use> elements such that these elements are replaced by the full DOM tree, as described here
The specs say:
An additional transformation translate(x,y) is appended to the end (i.e., right-side) of the ‘transform’ attribute on the generated ‘g’, where x and y represent the values of the ‘x’ and ‘y’ attributes on the ‘use’ element
But those values for x and y may be given like: 10%, so I have created a tiny helper routine like that:
createLength (value) {
const
l = root.createSVGLength(),
parsed = parseFloat(value),
parsedUnit = value
.replace(parsed.toString(), '')
.replace(/^\s*/m, '')
.replace(/\s*$/m, ''),
//UNITS is a map like:
//{px: SVGLength.SVG_LENGTHTYPE_PX, … }
unit = UNITS.hasOwnProperty(parsedUnit) ?
UNITS[parsedUnit] : UNITS.number
;
l.newValueSpecifiedUnits(unit, parsed);
return l;
}
which successfully creates instances of SVGLength. Later in the code I want to create the bespoken SVGTransform which »is appended to the end[…]«, like this:
const [x,y,width,height] =
['x','y','width','height']
.map(attr => node.getAttribute(attr))
.map(val => this.createLength(val))
;
expanded.transform.baseVal
.appendItem(
root.createSVGTransformFromMatrix(
this.matrix(1,0,0,1,
x.value,
y.value)));
What throws this error in chromium, if the given value for x or y is in percentages:
DOMException: Failed to read the 'value' property from 'SVGLength': Could not resolve relative length.
expanded is a reference which is meant to be the replacement of the <use>, which is not attached to a parent node at the time, when the value is assigned.
What is the mistake here?
Thanks to the comment of #RobertLongson I could finally make it work. Instead of creating a new instance of SVGLength, based on the attribute's string value (obtained by node.getAttribute('x')), I just used node.x.baseVal.value for the matrix.
As the docs say for <svg>.createSVGLength():
Creates an SVGLength object outside of any document trees.
Since percentages are relative to values from parent nodes, it is not possible to convert those to numbers, since there is no scale present.
node.x.baseVal also yields the SVGLength, but that one is »inside of any document trees«, so it is possible to convert from pixel to number.

BoboBrowser & Lucene.NET: Bool facet

I am using BoboBrowse together with Lucene.Net. There are some predefined facethandlers for different scenarios. My question: Does anyone know how to implement a handler for a bool type/property of a lucene document? I mean, from a facets search point of view theres just a field/facet with 2 different values "true" and "false", so the result contains that values of course. But the result set seems then a bit strange: 300 objects with true, 400 with false. With a bool value of false, the result set should contain all objects, with set to true only that 300.
Thanks.
With Bobo-Browse.Net, there are 2 different aspects of setting up a facet.
Facets are defined at application startup and generally map to a specific field (or sometimes more than one field).
Selections are defined at runtime and determine which values are included in the search. Generally speaking, selections act like boolean switches over each unique value in a field.
So, in the case of a "boolean" field (which is actually just plain text), you just have 2 possible values. But keep in mind, there are actually 3 selection states for this "boolean" field:
Selecting "true"
Selecting "false"
Not selecting anything
It sounds like you just want to have your runtime code add/remove a single selection for "true", which will make it include all "true" values, or (if the selection is removed) include all values.
BrowseSelection sel = new BrowseSelection("booleanField");
if (value == true)
{
// Add the selection to filter the result
sel.AddValue("true");
}
else
{
// Don't add a selection, and the result will not be filtered.
}
browseRequest.AddSelection(sel);
Have a look at my Faceted Search Prototype for an example how this can be set up on the UI (although this wasn't really meant to be a demo and has lots of commented garbage code in it, it does demonstrate the concept). If you want to omit the search part of it, you just need to use a MatchAllDocsQuery instead of parsing the query using QueryParser.

Mongoose/ Mongo: why does $set auto-sort the data keys on update? [duplicate]

If I create an object like this:
var obj = {};
obj.prop1 = "Foo";
obj.prop2 = "Bar";
Will the resulting object always look like this?
{ prop1 : "Foo", prop2 : "Bar" }
That is, will the properties be in the same order that I added them?
The iteration order for objects follows a certain set of rules since ES2015, but it does not (always) follow the insertion order. Simply put, the iteration order is a combination of the insertion order for strings keys, and ascending order for number-like keys:
// key order: 1, foo, bar
const obj = { "foo": "foo", "1": "1", "bar": "bar" }
Using an array or a Map object can be a better way to achieve this. Map shares some similarities with Object and guarantees the keys to be iterated in order of insertion, without exception:
The keys in Map are ordered while keys added to object are not. Thus, when iterating over it, a Map object returns keys in order of insertion. (Note that in the ECMAScript 2015 spec objects do preserve creation order for string and Symbol keys, so traversal of an object with ie only string keys would yield keys in order of insertion)
As a note, properties order in objects weren’t guaranteed at all before ES2015. Definition of an Object from ECMAScript Third Edition (pdf):
4.3.3 Object
An object is a member of the
type Object. It is an unordered collection of properties each of which
contains a primitive value, object, or
function. A function stored in a
property of an object is called a
method.
YES (but not always insertion order).
Most Browsers iterate object properties as:
Positive integer keys in ascending order (and strings like "1" that parse as ints)
String keys, in insertion order (ES2015 guarantees this and all browsers comply)
Symbol names, in insertion order (ES2015 guarantees this and all browsers comply)
Some older browsers combine categories #1 and #2, iterating all keys in insertion order. If your keys might parse as integers, it's best not to rely on any specific iteration order.
Current Language Spec (since ES2015) insertion order is preserved, except in the case of keys that parse as positive integers (eg "7" or "99"), where behavior varies between browsers. For example, Chrome/V8 does not respect insertion order when the keys are parse as numeric.
Old Language Spec (before ES2015): Iteration order was technically undefined, but all major browsers complied with the ES2015 behavior.
Note that the ES2015 behavior was a good example of the language spec being driven by existing behavior, and not the other way round. To get a deeper sense of that backwards-compatibility mindset, see http://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=164, a Chrome bug that covers in detail the design decisions behind Chrome's iteration order behavior.
Per one of the (rather opinionated) comments on that bug report:
Standards always follow implementations, that's where XHR came from, and Google does the same thing by implementing Gears and then embracing equivalent HTML5 functionality. The right fix is to have ECMA formally incorporate the de-facto standard behavior into the next rev of the spec.
Property order in normal Objects is a complex subject in JavaScript.
While in ES5 explicitly no order has been specified, ES2015 defined an order in certain cases, and successive changes to the specification since have increasingly defined the order (even, as of ES2020, the for-in loop's order). Given is the following object:
const o = Object.create(null, {
m: {value: function() {}, enumerable: true},
"2": {value: "2", enumerable: true},
"b": {value: "b", enumerable: true},
0: {value: 0, enumerable: true},
[Symbol()]: {value: "sym", enumerable: true},
"1": {value: "1", enumerable: true},
"a": {value: "a", enumerable: true},
});
This results in the following order (in certain cases):
Object {
0: 0,
1: "1",
2: "2",
b: "b",
a: "a",
m: function() {},
Symbol(): "sym"
}
The order for "own" (non-inherited) properties is:
Positive integer-like keys in ascending order
String keys in insertion order
Symbols in insertion order
Thus, there are three segments, which may alter the insertion order (as happened in the example). And positive integer-like keys don't stick to the insertion order at all.
In ES2015, only certain methods followed the order:
Object.assign
Object.defineProperties
Object.getOwnPropertyNames
Object.getOwnPropertySymbols
Reflect.ownKeys
JSON.parse
JSON.stringify
As of ES2020, all others do (some in specs between ES2015 and ES2020, others in ES2020), which includes:
Object.keys, Object.entries, Object.values, ...
for..in
The most difficult to nail down was for-in because, uniquely, it includes inherited properties. That was done (in all but edge cases) in ES2020. The following list from the linked (now completed) proposal provides the edge cases where the order is not specified:
Neither the object being iterated nor anything in its prototype chain is a proxy, typed array, module namespace object, or host exotic object.
Neither the object nor anything in its prototype chain has its prototype change during iteration.
Neither the object nor anything in its prototype chain has a property deleted during iteration.
Nothing in the object's prototype chain has a property added during iteration.
No property of the object or anything in its prototype chain has its enumerability change during iteration.
No non-enumerable property shadows an enumerable one.
Conclusion: Even in ES2015 you shouldn't rely on the property order of normal objects in JavaScript. It is prone to errors. If you need ordered named pairs, use Map instead, which purely uses insertion order. If you just need order, use an array or Set (which also uses purely insertion order).
At the time of writing, most browsers did return properties in the same order as they were inserted, but it was explicitly not guaranteed behaviour so shouldn't have been relied upon.
The ECMAScript specification used to say:
The mechanics and order of enumerating the properties ... is not specified.
However in ES2015 and later non-integer keys will be returned in insertion order.
This whole answer is in the context of spec compliance, not what any engine does at a particular moment or historically.
Generally, no
The actual question is very vague.
will the properties be in the same order that I added them
In what context?
The answer is: it depends on a number of factors. In general, no.
Sometimes, yes
Here is where you can count on property key order for plain Objects:
ES2015 compliant engine
Own properties
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(), Reflect.ownKeys(), Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(O)
In all cases these methods include non-enumerable property keys and order keys as specified by [[OwnPropertyKeys]] (see below). They differ in the type of key values they include (String and / or Symbol). In this context String includes integer values.
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(O)
Returns O's own String-keyed properties (property names).
Reflect.ownKeys(O)
Returns O's own String- and Symbol-keyed properties.
Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(O)
Returns O's own Symbol-keyed properties.
[[OwnPropertyKeys]]
The order is essentially: integer-like Strings in ascending order, non-integer-like Strings in creation order, Symbols in creation order. Depending which function invokes this, some of these types may not be included.
The specific language is that keys are returned in the following order:
... each own property key P of O [the object being iterated] that is an integer index, in ascending numeric index order
... each own property key P of O that is a String but is not an integer index, in property creation order
... each own property key P of O that is a Symbol, in property creation order
Map
If you're interested in ordered maps you should consider using the Map type introduced in ES2015 instead of plain Objects.
As of ES2015, property order is guaranteed for certain methods that iterate over properties. but not others. Unfortunately, the methods which are not guaranteed to have an order are generally the most often used:
Object.keys, Object.values, Object.entries
for..in loops
JSON.stringify
But, as of ES2020, property order for these previously untrustworthy methods will be guaranteed by the specification to be iterated over in the same deterministic manner as the others, due to to the finished proposal: for-in mechanics.
Just like with the methods which have a guaranteed iteration order (like Reflect.ownKeys and Object.getOwnPropertyNames), the previously-unspecified methods will also iterate in the following order:
Numeric array keys, in ascending numeric order
All other non-Symbol keys, in insertion order
Symbol keys, in insertion order
This is what pretty much every implementation does already (and has done for many years), but the new proposal has made it official.
Although the current specification leaves for..in iteration order "almost totally unspecified, real engines tend to be more consistent:"
The lack of specificity in ECMA-262 does not reflect reality. In discussion going back years, implementors have observed that there are some constraints on the behavior of for-in which anyone who wants to run code on the web needs to follow.
Because every implementation already iterates over properties predictably, it can be put into the specification without breaking backwards compatibility.
There are a few weird cases which implementations currently do not agree on, and in such cases, the resulting order will continue be unspecified. For property order to be guaranteed:
Neither the object being iterated nor anything in its prototype chain is a proxy, typed array, module namespace object, or host exotic object.
Neither the object nor anything in its prototype chain has its prototype change during iteration.
Neither the object nor anything in its prototype chain has a property deleted during iteration.
Nothing in the object's prototype chain has a property added during iteration.
No property of the object or anything in its prototype chain has its enumerability change during iteration.
No non-enumerable property shadows an enumerable one.
In modern browsers you can use the Map data structure instead of a object.
Developer mozilla > Map
A Map object can iterate its elements in insertion order...
In ES2015, it does, but not to what you might think
The order of keys in an object wasn't guaranteed until ES2015. It was implementation-defined.
However, in ES2015 in was specified. Like many things in JavaScript, this was done for compatibility purposes and generally reflected an existing unofficial standard among most JS engines (with you-know-who being an exception).
The order is defined in the spec, under the abstract operation OrdinaryOwnPropertyKeys, which underpins all methods of iterating over an object's own keys. Paraphrased, the order is as follows:
All integer index keys (stuff like "1123", "55", etc) in ascending numeric order.
All string keys which are not integer indices, in order of creation (oldest-first).
All symbol keys, in order of creation (oldest-first).
It's silly to say that the order is unreliable - it is reliable, it's just probably not what you want, and modern browsers implement this order correctly.
Some exceptions include methods of enumerating inherited keys, such as the for .. in loop. The for .. in loop doesn't guarantee order according to the specification.
As others have stated, you have no guarantee as to the order when you iterate over the properties of an object. If you need an ordered list of multiple fields I suggested creating an array of objects.
var myarr = [{somfield1: 'x', somefield2: 'y'},
{somfield1: 'a', somefield2: 'b'},
{somfield1: 'i', somefield2: 'j'}];
This way you can use a regular for loop and have the insert order. You could then use the Array sort method to sort this into a new array if needed.
Major Difference between Object and MAP with Example :
it's Order of iteration in loop, In Map it follows the order as it was set while creation whereas in OBJECT does not.
SEE:
OBJECT
const obj = {};
obj.prop1 = "Foo";
obj.prop2 = "Bar";
obj['1'] = "day";
console.log(obj)
**OUTPUT: {1: "day", prop1: "Foo", prop2: "Bar"}**
MAP
const myMap = new Map()
// setting the values
myMap.set("foo", "value associated with 'a string'")
myMap.set("Bar", 'value associated with keyObj')
myMap.set("1", 'value associated with keyFunc')
OUTPUT:
**1. ▶0: Array[2]
1. 0: "foo"
2. 1: "value associated with 'a string'"
2. ▶1: Array[2]
1. 0: "Bar"
2. 1: "value associated with keyObj"
3. ▶2: Array[2]
1. 0: "1"
2. 1: "value associated with keyFunc"**
Just found this out the hard way.
Using React with Redux, the state container of which's keys I want to traverse in order to generate children is refreshed everytime the store is changed (as per Redux's immutability concepts).
Thus, in order to take Object.keys(valueFromStore) I used Object.keys(valueFromStore).sort(), so that I at least now have an alphabetical order for the keys.
For a 100% fail-safe solution you could use nested objects and do something like this:
const obj = {};
obj.prop1 = {content: "Foo", index: 0};
obj.prop2 = {content: "Bar", index: 1};
for (let i = 0; i < Object.keys(obj).length; i++)
for (const prop in obj) {
if (obj[prop].index == i) {
console.log(obj[prop].content);
break;
}
}
From the JSON standard:
An object is an unordered collection of zero or more name/value pairs, where a name is a string and a value is a string, number, boolean, null, object, or array.
(emphasis mine).
So, no you can't guarantee the order.

Web2Py list:reference table, Load and set data

Maybe I'm missing something absurd, I'm not seeing, but this is my first app to study web2py.
I am unable to enter the data in Table Movies, which has fields related to other tables.
The list is loaded, but it is not registered in Movies registration.
Under the codes and the results.
db.py
Movie = db.define_table('movies',
Field('title','string', label = 'Title'),
Field('date_release','integer', label = 'Date Release'),
Field('duraction','integer', label = 'Duraction'),
Field('category','string','list:reference categories', label = 'Category'),
Field('actor','list:reference actors', label = 'Actor'),
Field('director','list:reference directors', label = 'Diretor'),
)
Category = db.define_table('categories',
Field('title','string', label = 'Title'),
)
validators.py
Movie.title.requires = [IS_NOT_EMPTY(), IS_NOT_IN_DB(db, 'movies.title')]
Movie.category.requires = IS_IN_DB(db, 'categories.title')
Movie.director.requires = IS_IN_DB(db, 'directors.name')
Movie.actor.requires = IS_IN_DB(db, 'actors.name')
Movie.duraction.requires = IS_INT_IN_RANGE(0, 1000)
Category.title.requires = IS_NOT_EMPTY()
movie.py
def add():
form = SQLFORM(Movie)
if form.process().accepted:
response.flash = "Successful! New movie added!"
redirect(URL('add'))
elif form.errors:
response.flash = 'Error'
else:
response.flash = 'Form, set data'
return dict(form = form)
List Load another tables - ok:
The items of list not record in DB:
The widgets displayed in the form are based on the IS_IN_DB field validators you have specified, and there are three problems with the way you have coded them.
First, list:reference fields, like standard reference type fields, store the record IDs of the records they reference -- they do not store values of other fields within the referenced records. So, the second argument to the IS_IN_DB validator should always be the ID field (e.g., categories.id).
Second, although the field will store record IDs, you want the form widget to show some other more descriptive representation of each record, so you should specify the "label" argument of the IS_IN_DB validator (e.g., label='%(title)s').
Third, list:reference fields allow for multiple selections, so you must set the "multiple" argument of the IS_IN_DB validator to True. This will result in a multi-select widget in the form.
So, the resulting validator should look like this:
Movie.category.requires = IS_IN_DB(db, 'categories.id', label='%(title)s', multiple=True)
The above will allow multiple db.categories IDs to be selected, though the form widget will display category titles rather than the actual IDs.
Now, all of the above can be made much easier if you instead define the referenced tables before the db.movies table and specify a format argument for each table:
Category = db.define_table('categories',
Field('title','string', label = 'Title'),
format='%(title)s')
Movie = db.define_table('movies',
...,
Field('category', 'list:reference categories', label = 'Category'),
...)
With the above code, there is no need to explicitly specify the IS_IN_DB validator at all, as the db.movies.category field will automatically get a default validator exactly like the one specified above (the format attribute of the db.categories table is used as the label argument).
You might want to read the documentation on list:reference fields and the IS_IN_DB validator.
As an aside, you might consider specifying your field validators within the table definitions (via the requires argument to Field()), as this is more concise, keeps all schema-related details in one place, and eliminates the need to read and execute an additional model file on every request.

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