Renaming columns in dataframe w.r.t another specific column - python-3.x

BACKGROUND: Large excel mapping file with about 100 columns and 200 rows converted to .csv. Then stored as dataframe. General format of df as below.
Starts with a named column (e.g. Sales) and following two columns need to be renamed. This pattern needs to be repeated for all columns in excel file.
Essentially: Link the subsequent 2 columns to the "parent" one preceding them.
Sales Unnamed: 2 Unnamed: 3 Validation Unnamed: 5 Unnamed: 6
0 Commented No comment Commented No comment
1 x x
2 x x
3 x x
APPROACH FOR SOLUTION: I assume it would be possible to begin with an index (e.g. index of Sales column 1 = x) and then rename the following two columns as (x+1) and (x+2).
Then take in the text for the next named column (e.g. Validation) and so on.
I know the rename() function for dataframes.
BUT, not sure how to apply the iteratively for changing column titles.
EXPECTED OUTPUT: Unnamed 2 & 3 changed to Sales_Commented and Sales_No_Comment, respectively.
Similarly Unnamed 5 & 6 change to Validation_Commented and Validation_No_Comment.
Again, repeated for all 100 columns of file.
EDIT: Due to the large number of cols in the file, creating a manual list to store column names is not a viable solution. I have already seen this elsewhere on SO. Also, the amount of columns and departments (Sales, Validation) changes in different excel files with the mapping. So a dynamic solution is required.
Sales Sales_Commented Sales_No_Comment Validation Validation_Commented Validation_No_Comment
0 Commented No comment Commented No comment
1 x x
2 x
3 x x x
As a python novice, I considered a possible approach for the solution using the limited knowledge I have, but not sure what this would look like as a workable code.
I would appreciate all help and guidance.

1.You need is to make a list with the column names that you would want.
2.Make it a dict with the old column names as the keys and new column name as the values.
3. Use df.rename(columns = your_dictionary).
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_excel("name of the excel file",sheet_name = "name of sheet")
print(df.head())
Output>>>
Sales Unnamed : 2 Unnamed : 3 Validation Unnamed : 5 Unnamed : 6 Unnamed :7
0 NaN Commented No comment NaN Comment No comment Extra
1 1.0 2 1 1.0 1 1 1
2 3.0 1 1 1.0 1 1 1
3 4.0 3 4 5.0 5 6 6
4 5.0 1 1 1.0 21 3 6
# get new names based on the values of a previous named column
new_column_names = []
counter = 0
for col_name in df.columns:
if (col_name[:7].strip()=="Unnamed"):
new_column_names.append(base_name+"_"+df.iloc[0,counter].replace(" ", "_"))
else:
base_name = col_name
new_column_names.append(base_name)
counter +=1
# convert to dict key pair
dictionary = dict(zip(df.columns.tolist(),new_column_names))
# rename columns
df = df.rename(columns=dictionary)
# drop first column
df = df.iloc[1:].reset_index(drop=True)
print(df.head())
Output>>
Sales Sales_Commented Sales_No_comment Validation Validation_Comment Validation_No_comment Validation_Extra
0 1.0 2 1 1.0 1 1 1
1 3.0 1 1 1.0 1 1 1
2 4.0 3 4 5.0 5 6 6
3 5.0 1 1 1.0 21 3 6

Related

How to organise different datasets on Excel into the same layout/order (using pandas)

I have multiple Excel spreadsheets containing the same types of data but they are not in the same order. For example, if file 1 has the results of measurements A, B, C and D from River X printed in columns 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively but file 2 has the same measurements taken for a different river, River Y, printed in columns 6, 7, 8, and 9 respectively, is there a way to use pandas to reorganise one dataframe to match the layout of another dataframe (i.e. make it so that Sheet2 has the measurements for River Y printed in columns 1, 2, 3 and 4)? Sometimes the data is presented horizontally, not vertically as described above, too. If I have the same measurements for, say, 400 different rivers on 400 separate sheets, but the presentation/layout of data is erratic with regards to each individual file, it would be useful to be able to put a single order on every spreadsheet without having to manually shift columns on Excel.
Is there a way to use pandas to reorganise one dataframe to match the layout of another dataframe?
You can get a list of columns from one of your dataframes and then sort that. Next you can use the sorted order to reorder your remaining dataframes. I've created an example below:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
# Create an example of your problem
root = 'River'
suffix = list('123')
cols_1 = [root + '_' + each_suffix for each_suffix in suffix]
cols_2 = [root + '_' + each_suffix for each_suffix in suffix[::]]
data = np.arange(9).reshape(3,3)
df_1 = pd.DataFrame(columns=cols_1, data=data)
df_2 = pd.DataFrame(columns=cols_2, data=data)
df_1
[out] River_1 River_2 River_3
0 0 1 2
1 3 4 5
2 6 7 8
df_2
[out] River_3 River_2 River_1
0 0 1 2
1 3 4 5
2 6 7 8
col_list = df_1.columns.to_list() # Get a list of column names use .sort() to sort in place or
sorted_col_list = sorted(col_list, reverse=False) # Use reverse True to invert the order
def rearrange_df_cols(df, target_order):
df = df[target_order]
print(df)
return df
rearrange_df_cols(df_1, sorted_col_list)
[out] River_1 River_2 River_3
0 0 1 2
1 3 4 5
2 6 7 8
rearrange_df_cols(df_2, sorted_col_list)
[out] River_1 River_2 River_3
0 2 1 0
1 5 4 3
2 8 7 6
You can write a function based on what's above and apply it to all of your file/sheets provided that all columns names exist (NB the must be written identically).
Sometimes the data is presented horizontally, not vertically as described above, too.
This would be better as a separate question. In principle you should check the dimension of your data e.g. df.shape and based of the shape you can either use df.transpose() and then your function to reorder the columns names or directly use your function to reorder the column names.

Removing repetitive/duplicate occurance in excel using python

I am trying to remove the repetitive/duplicate Names which is coming under NAME column. I just want to keep the 1st occurrence from the repetitive/duplicate names by using python script.
This is my input excel:
And need output like this:
This isn't removing duplicates per say you're just filling duplicate keys in one column as blanks, I would handle this as follows :
by creating a mask where you return a true/false boolean if the row is == the row above.
assuming your dataframe is called df
mask = df['NAME'].ne(df['NAME'].shift())
df.loc[~mask,'NAME'] = ''
explanation :
what we are doing above is the following,
first selecting a single column, or in pandas terminology a series, we then apply a .ne (not equal to) which in effect is !=
lets see this in action.
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
# create data for dataframe
names = ['Rekha', 'Rekha','Jaya','Jaya','Sushma','Nita','Nita','Nita']
defaults = ['','','c-default','','','c-default','','']
classes = ['forth','third','foruth','fifth','fourth','third','fifth','fourth']
now, lets create a dataframe similar to yours.
df = pd.DataFrame({'NAME' : names,
'DEFAULT' : defaults,
'CLASS' : classes,
'AGE' : [np.random.randint(1,5) for len in names],
'GROUP' : [np.random.randint(1,5) for len in names]}) # being lazy with your age and group variables.
so, if we did df['NAME'].ne('Omar') which is the same as [df['NAME'] != 'Omar'] we would get.
0 True
1 True
2 True
3 True
4 True
5 True
6 True
7 True
so, with that out of the way, we want to see if the name in row 1 (remember python is a 0 index language so row 1 is actually the 2nd physical row) is .eq to the row above.
we do this by calling [.shift][2] hyperlinked for more info.
what this basically does is shift the rows by its index with a defined variable number, lets call this n.
if we called df['NAME'].shift(1)
0 NaN
1 Rekha
2 Rekha
3 Jaya
4 Jaya
5 Sushma
6 Nita
7 Nita
we can see here that that Rekha has moved down
so putting that all together,
df['NAME'].ne(df['NAME'].shift())
0 True
1 False
2 True
3 False
4 True
5 True
6 False
7 False
we assign this to a self defined variable called mask you could call this whatever you want.
we then use [.loc][2] which lets you access your dataframe by labels or a boolean array, in this instance an array.
however, we only want to access the booleans which are False so we use a ~ which inverts the logic of our array.
NAME DEFAULT CLASS AGE GROUP
1 Rekha third 1 4
3 Jaya fifth 1 1
6 Nita fifth 1 2
7 Nita fourth 1 4
all we need to do now is change these rows to blanks as your initial requirment, and we are left with.
NAME DEFAULT CLASS AGE GROUP
0 Rekha forth 2 2
1 third 1 4
2 Jaya c-default forth 3 3
3 fifth 1 1
4 Sushma fourth3 1
5 Nita c-default third 4 2
6 fifth 1 2
7 fourth1 4
hope that helps!

How to use extractall in Pandas and get a new column with the extracted strings?

I have a data frame of 15 columns from a csv file. I am trying to remove one part of the text of a column and create a new column containing that information on each row. Each row of 'phospho' should have only one match to my demands on extractall. Now, I am trying to add the result to my data frame but I get the error:
TypeError: incompatible index of inserted column with frame index
The dataset has two column with names, and 6 columns with values (like 65.98, for ex).
Ex:
accession sequence modification phospho CON_1 CON_2 CON_3 LIF1
LIF2 LIF3 P18767 [R].GAAQNIIPASTGAAK.[A]
1xTMT6plex[K15];1xTMT6plex[N-Term] 1xPhospho [S3(98.3)]
Here is the freaking code:
a = pmap1['phospho'].str.extractall(r'([STEHRYD]\d*)')
pmap1['phosphosites'] = a
Thanks!
I created pmap1 using the following sample data:
pmap1 = pd.DataFrame(data=[[ 'S34T44X', 1 ], [ 'E23H78Y', 2 ],
[ 'R49Y81Z', 3 ], [ 'D20U23X', 4 ]], columns=['phospho', 'nn'])
When you extract all matches:
a = pmap1['phospho'].str.extractall(r'([STEHRYD]\d*)')
the result is:
0
match
0 0 S34
1 T44
1 0 E23
1 H78
2 Y
2 0 R49
1 Y81
3 0 D20
Note that:
The result is of DataFrame type (with a single column named 0).
It contains eight rows. So it is not clear to which row insert
particular matches.
The index is actually a MultiIndex with 2 levels:
The first (unnamed) level is the index of the source row,
The second level (named match) contains the number of
match within the current row.
E.g. in row with index 0 there were founde 2 matches:
S34 - No 0,
T44 - No 1.
So you can not directly save a as a new column of pmap1,
e.g. because pmap1 contains "ordinary" index and
a is a MultiIndex, incompatible with the index of pmap1.
And just this is written in the error message.
If you want somehow "add" a to pmap1, you can e.g. "break" each match
as a separate column the following way:
a2 = a.unstack()
Gives the result:
0
match 0 1 2
0 S34 T44 NaN
1 E23 H78 Y
2 R49 Y81 NaN
3 D20 NaN NaN
where columns are MultiIndex, so to drop the first
level if it, run:
a2.columns = a2.columns.droplevel()
The result is:
match 0 1 2
0 S34 T44 NaN
1 E23 H78 Y
2 R49 Y81 NaN
3 D20 NaN NaN
Then you can perform the actual join, executing:
pmap1.join(a2)
The result is:
phospho nn 0 1 2
0 S34T44X 1 S34 T44 NaN
1 E23H78Y 2 E23 H78 Y
2 R49Y81Z 3 R49 Y81 NaN
3 D20U23X 4 D20 NaN NaN
If you are unhappy about numbers as column names, you can change them as
you wish.
If you are unhappy about NaN values for "missing" matches
(for rows where less matches have been found compared to other rows),
add .fillna('') to the last instruction.
Edit
There is a shorter solution:
After you created a, you can do the whole rest of processing
with a single instruction:
pmap1.join(a[0].unstack()).fillna('')

Use a split function in every row of one column of a data frame

I have a rather big pandas data frame (more than 1 million rows) with columns containing either strings or numbers. Now I would like to split the strings in one column before the expression "is applied".
An example to explain what I mean:
What I have:
a b description
2 4 method A is applied
10 5 titration is applied
3 1 computation is applied
What I am looking for:
a b description
2 4 method A
10 5 titration
3 1 computation
I tried the following,
df.description = df.description.str.split('is applied')[0]
But this didn't bring the desired result.
Any ideas how to do it? :-)
You are close, need str[0]:
df.description = df.description.str.split(' is applied').str[0]
Alternative solution:
df.description = df.description.str.extract('(.*)\s+is applied')
print (df)
a b description
0 2 4 method A
1 10 5 titration
2 3 1 computation
But for better performance use list comprehension:
df.description = [x.split(' is applied')[0] for x in df.description]
you can use replace
df.description = df.description.str.replace(' is applied','')
df
a b description
0 2 4 method A
1 10 5 titration
2 3 1 computation

How can I input values from a list or dataframe into each cell in existing excel file?

So basically, I want to update a worksheet with new data, overwriting existing cells in excel. Both files have the same column names (I do not want to create a new workbook nor add a new column).
Here I am retreiving the data that I want:
import pandas as pd
df1 = pd.read_csv
print(df1)
Ouput (I just copy and pasted the first 5 rows, there are about 500 rows total):
Index Type Stage CDID Period Index Value
0 812008000 6 2 JTV9 201706 121.570
1 812008000 6 2 JTV9 201707 121.913
2 812008000 6 2 JTV9 201708 121.686
3 812008000 6 2 JTV9 201709 119.809
4 812008000 6 2 JTV9 201710 119.841
5 812128000 6 1 K2VA 201706 122.030
The existing excel file has the same columns (and row total) as df1, but I just want to have the 'Index' column repopulated with the new values. Let's just say it looks like this (i.e. so I want the previous values for Index to go into the corresponding column):
Index Type Stage CDID Period Index Value
0 512901100 6 2 JTV9 201706 121.570
1 412602034 6 2 JTV9 201707 121.913
2 612307802 6 2 JTV9 201708 121.686
3 112808360 6 2 JTV9 201709 119.809
4 912233066 6 2 JTV9 201710 119.841
5 312128003 6 1 K2VA 201706 122.030
Here I am retrieving the excel file, and attempting to overwrite it:
from win32com.client import Dispatch
import os
xl = Dispatch("Excel.Application")
xl.Visible = True
wbs_path = ('folder path')
for wbname in os.listdir(wbs_path):
if not wbname.endswith("file name.xlsx"):
continue
wb = xl.Workbooks.Open(wbs_path + '\\' + wbname)
sh = wb.Worksheets("sheet name")
sh.Range("A1:A456").Value = df1[["Index"]]
wb.Save()
wb.Close()
xl.Quit()
But this doesn't do anything.
If I type in strings, such as:
h.Range("A1:A456").Value = 'o', 'x', 'c'
This repeats o in cells through A1 through to A456 (it updates the spreadsheet), but ignores x and c. I have tried converting df1 into a list and numpy array, but this doesn't work.
Does anyone know a solution or alternative workaround?
If the index of the dataframe is the same you can update columns by using update(). It could work like this:
df1.update(df2['Index'].to_frame())
Note: the to frame() is probably not needed
EDIT:
Since you try to update a excel-file and not a dataframe, my answer is probably not enough.
For this part I would suggest to load the file into a dataframe, update the data and save it.
df1 = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx', sheet_name='sheet_name')
# do the update
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('file.xlsx')
df1.to_excel(writer,sheet_name='sheet_name', engine='xlsxwriter')
writer.save()

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