DRF use field-value instead of default (pk) in POST request - python-3.x

Question

Trying send valid POST request.
It's works when i send like this:
{
"name":"but",
"sklad":1
}
Response is something like this, all is valid:
{
"name": "but",
"getsklad": "fence"
}
But when I'm trying send this, with 'fence':
{
"name":"but",
"sklad":"fence"
}
Got error:
Invalid type. The primary key value was expected, str was received.
Have this piece of code in models.py:
class Sklad(models.Model):
storages = (
('fence', 'Забор'),
('sett', 'Тротуарка'),
)
storage = models.CharField(
max_length=10,
choices=storages,
help_text='Name of storage',
default='sett'
)
class Zabor(models.Model):
sklad = models.ForeignKey(Sklad, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
name = models.CharField(max_length=10)
...
This in serializers.py:
class ZaborPostSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Zabor
fields = (
...
'name',
'sklad',
)
And Views.py part:
class ZaborView(APIView):
def post(self, request):
serializer = ZaborPostSerializer(data=request.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response({'status': 'Success'})
else:
return Response({'status': 'Failed'})
I know what when i write '1' in request, this means 'pk'. But how I can send name rather than the id/pk?
I am beginner. So don't kick me hard for stupid questions)

Answer 1

Since you are providing the Sklad FOREIGN_KEY, which is unique you can filter by that value only with one type: integer, string, etc.
You can set the storage field of Sklad to the primary key:
class Sklad(models.Model):
storages = (
('fence', 'Забор'),
('sett', 'Тротуарка'),
)
storage = models.CharField(
max_length=10,
choices=storages,
help_text='Name of storage',
default='sett',
primary_key=True
)
Now you can directly filter with your string value.
Another option is to filter in the view:
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404
from django.http import Http404
class ZaborView(APIView):
def post(self, request):
dataDict = dict(request.data)
try:
sklad = get_object_or_404(Sklad.objects, storage=dataDict['sklad'][0])
serializer = ZaborPostSerializer(data=request.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response({'status': 'Success'})
else:
return Response({'status': 'Failed'})
except Http404:
return Response({'status': 'Failed'})
Note that it will only work if you have only one Sklad with the given storage field.
If you have multiple ones you can pick the first one, since you do not supply a primary key and you have not other fields to filter:
from django.shortcuts import get_list_or_404
.....
sklad = list(get_list_or_404(Sklad.objects, storage=dataDict['sklad'][0]))[0]
.....
Hope it helps !