What is the difference between alphabetic and ideographic in Flutter's TextBaseline enum - text

Question

The TextBaseline enum in Flutter has two options:
alphabetic
ideographic
How do these values actually change the baseline?

Answer 1

TextBaseline.alphabetic
The alphabetic baseline is the line that the letters in alphabets like English sit on. Here is an example:
You can see that the English letters sit nicely on the line, but it cuts through the Chinese characters.
TextBaseline.ideographic
When you use the ideographic option, though, the baseline is at the bottom of the text area. Note that the Chinese characters don't actually sit right on the line. Rather, the line is at the very bottom of the text line.
Supplemental code
You can plug this into a CustomPaint widget (as described here) to reproduce the above examples.
#override
void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
final textStyle = TextStyle(
color: Colors.black,
fontSize: 30,
);
final textSpan = TextSpan(
text: 'My text 文字',
style: textStyle,
);
final textPainter = TextPainter(
text: textSpan,
textDirection: TextDirection.ltr,
);
textPainter.layout(
minWidth: 0,
maxWidth: size.width,
);
print('width: ${textPainter.width}');
print('height: ${textPainter.height}');
// draw a rectangle around the text
final left = 0.0;
final top = 0.0;
final right = textPainter.width;
final bottom = textPainter.height;
final rect = Rect.fromLTRB(left, top, right, bottom);
final paint = Paint()
..color = Colors.red
..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
..strokeWidth = 1;
canvas.drawRect(rect, paint);
// draw the baseline
final distanceToBaseline =
textPainter.computeDistanceToActualBaseline(TextBaseline.ideographic);
print('distanceToBaseline: ${distanceToBaseline}');
canvas.drawLine(
Offset(0, distanceToBaseline),
Offset(textPainter.width, distanceToBaseline),
paint,
);
// draw the text
final offset = Offset(0, 0);
textPainter.paint(canvas, offset);
}