Linux kernel does not see all components on my at91sam9g20 board - linux

I am working with a Stamp9g20 embedded chip. It is based on the Atmel at91sam9g20 platform. For a client I need to upgrade the kernel to a newer version. After a bit of research, I landed on the Linux4SAM pages and their additional yocto layer, complete with a 4.14 kernel!
However, when I compile that kernel, I don't see all of my devices, for example, I can write onto the NAND memory and mount an USB device, but I cannot see nor mount any mmc/mci devices. I have tried checking how the Stamp9g20 really differs from the AT91SAM9G20EK, but I couldn't find a definitive clue to an answer there.
The Linux4SAM repo supports slightly different versions of the AT91SAM9 family, but I got it working for the 4.14 kernel, using the at91sam9g20ek.dts as an input for the board. Had to add my machine to the compatible machine list, so it will compile for the 9g20 versions as well.
COMPATIBLE_MACHINE += 'at91sam9g20ek'
and my machine.conf looks like:
##Name: ATMEL AT91SAM9G20EK
##DESCRIPTION: Machine configuration for Atmel's evaluation board
#
# define SOC_FAMILY (we are the family of ...)
SOC_FAMILY = "atsam9"
# Add arm926ejs to the DEFAULTTUNE, so it will be selected in our environment
DEFAULTTUNE = "arm926ejs"
# http://lists.openembedded.org/pipermail/openembedded-core/2019-January/277527.html
#TUNE_CCARGS .= "${#bb.utils.contains('TUNE_FEATURES', 'armv5', ' -march=armv5t${ARMPKGSFX_DSP}', '', d)}"
TUNE_CCARGS = "${#bb.utils.contains('TUNE_FEATURES', 'armv5', ' -march=armv5t${ARMPKGSFX_DSP}', '', d)}"
# We rely on the generic meta-atmel layer
require conf/machine/include/at91sam9.inc
MACHINE_FEATURES = "apm ext2 ext3 ext4 usbhost usbgadget vfat jffs2"
# This device tree is available in the kernel
KERNEL_DEVICETREE = " \
at91sam9g20ek.dtb \
"
# Create filesystems tar.gz and jffs2
IMAGE_FSTYPES += " tar.gz jffs2 tar"
# UNTESTED IMAGES (both bootstrap and uboot)
UBOOT_MACHINE ?= "at91sam9g20ek_nandflash_defconfig"
UBOOT_ENTRYPOINT = "0x20008000"
UBOOT_LOADADDRESS = "0x20008000"
AT91BOOTSTRAP_MACHINE ?= "at91sam9g20ek"
When the kernel launches, it shows that it registers a device driver onto the address 0xffff8000, but it doesn't see a block device.
bus: 'mmc': add driver mmcblk
bus: 'sdio': add driver sdio_uart
bus: 'platform': add driver atmel_mci
bus: 'platform': driver_probe_device: matched device fffa8000.mmc with driver atmel_mci
bus: 'platform': really_probe: probing driver atmel_mci with device fffa8000.mmc
atmel_mci fffa8000.mmc: no init pinctrl state
atmel_mci fffa8000.mmc: version: 0x210
atmel_mci fffa8000.mmc: using PDC
device: 'mmc0': device_add
atmel_mci fffa8000.mmc: Atmel MCI controller at 0xfffa8000 irq 30, 1 slots
driver: 'atmel_mci': driver_bound: bound to device 'fffa8000.mmc'
bus: 'platform': really_probe: bound device fffa8000.mmc to driver atmel_mci
I have tried this board with the 2.6.x version where it works as expected.
How can I make the block device mmcblk available in the system? Do I need to change the .dts (currently I am using the at91sam9g20ek.dts as a template with a minor change to the NAND memory). Or what can I do to get more information as to why the kernel doesn't interact with the mmc device?
Also, if I compare the source code from before the dts structure, I don't see significant differences in the mcc part of the code:
https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v3.6.9/source/arch/arm/mach-at91/board-sam9g20ek.c
https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v3.6.9/source/arch/arm/mach-at91/board-stamp9g20.c
The only difference I found,
at91sam9g20ek board:
.slot_b = 1, /* Only one slot so use slot B */
stamp9g20 board:
.slot_b = 0,
so I tried changing the reg<> property in the dts to 1, but to no avail...

Found it! All I had to do was change the mmc slot (was 1) in the dts to slot 0:
--- a/arch/arm/boot/dts/at91sam9g20ek_common.dtsi
+++ b/arch/arm/boot/dts/at91sam9g20ek_common.dtsi
## -39,8 +39,8 ##
};
- mmc0_slot1 {
- pinctrl_board_mmc0_slot1: mmc0_slot1-board {
+ mmc0_slot0 {
+ pinctrl_board_mmc0_slot0: mmc0_slot0-board {
atmel,pins =
<AT91_PIOC 9 AT91_PERIPH_GPIO AT91_PINCTRL_PULL_UP_DEGLITCH>; /* PC9 gpio CD pin pull up and deglitch */
};
## -90,15 +90,14 ##
mmc0: mmc#fffa8000 {
pinctrl-0 = <
- &pinctrl_board_mmc0_slot1
+ &pinctrl_board_mmc0_slot0
&pinctrl_mmc0_clk
- &pinctrl_mmc0_slot1_cmd_dat0
- &pinctrl_mmc0_slot1_dat1_3>;
+ &pinctrl_mmc0_slot0_cmd_dat0
+ &pinctrl_mmc0_slot0_dat1_3>;
status = "okay";
- slot#1 {
- reg = <1>;
+ slot#0 {
+ reg = <0>;
bus-width = <4>;
- cd-gpios = <&pioC 9 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
};
};

Related

How to make a linux driver detect and use a device after linux kernel has already loaded?

I am using a System Monitor device at address 0x3f on i2c-0 bus. This device is configured with the pmbus driver in the device tree.
The problem is that, this 'Sysmon' device is not powered when the linux kernel is loaded. Therefore, when I do a i2cdetect on bus 0 we see '--' at 0x3f which is expected. Now, when I power the Sysmon using my UI, the device is added by linux and we see a '3f' on running the i2cdetect.
Now, I want the pmbus driver to detect this device and change it to 'UU' so that I can see all the pmbus attributes in sysfs.
Can I do it from userspace and how? If no, can you suggest how can I tackle this.
If I force power the device using hardware and then load linux, the pmbus driver detects this device and reserves it. But I'm not allowed to force power the device.
Device Tree:
i2c#ff020000
{
compatible = "cdns,i2c-r1p14", "cdns,i2c-r1p10";
status = "okay";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x11 0x4>;
reg = <0x0 0xff020000 0x0 0x1000>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
power-domains = <0x15>;
clocks = <0x3 0x3d>;
clock-frequency = <0x186a0>;
pinctrl-names = "default", "gpio";
pinctrl-0 = <0x16>;
pinctrl-1 = <0x17>;
scl-gpios = <0x18 0x4a 0x0>;
sda-gpios = <0x18 0x4b 0x0>;
fpga1sysmon0#3f {
compatible = "general,pmbus";
reg = <0x3f>;
};
PS: I'm a beginner and this is my 1st question on Stack Overflow. Please bear with me for any mistakes I've made.
what about enabling the sysmon in /etc/init.d/rcS (assuming you are using busybox init) or in systemd /etc/rc.local.
the following will load the driver for an LTC2978 at address 0x60
on I2C bus #1:
$ modprobe pmbus
$ echo ltc2978 0x60 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-1/new_device
you can put that in
/etc/init.d/rcS or /etc/rc.local
see also
https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/hwmon/pmbus

trouble configuring timings for LVDS display (linux on rk3288)

I'm trying to hook up an LVDS display to my dev board based on rockchip rk3288 and have trouble getting graphics to show on the display.
The display is the GWTS80MNFG1E0 by SGD. The datasheet is here http://www.datadisplay-group.com/fileadmin/pdf/produkte/Displays/SGD/GWTS80MNFG1E0_Datasheet.pdf
Here is the .dtsi file I created for the display:
/ {
disp_timings: display-timings {
native-mode = <&timing0>;
timing0: timing0 {
screen-type = <SCREEN_LVDS>;
lvds-format = <LVDS_8BIT_1>;
out-face = <OUT_P888>;
clock-frequency = <48690000 52590000 60830000>;
hactive = <1656 1660 1760>;
vactive = <490 528 576>;
hback-porch = <5 16 141>;
hfront-porch = <19 44 155>;
vback-porch = <5 5 91>;
vfront-porch = <5 43 91>;
hsync-len = <1 2 140>;
vsync-len = <1 2 90>;
hsync-active = <0>;
vsync-active = <0>;
de-active = <1>;
pixelclk-active = <0>;
swap-rb = <0>;
swap-rg = <0>;
swap-gb = <0>;
};
};
};
The problem is that the display turns on but I can't see any graphics. In the .config file for the kernel I have CONFIG_RK32_LVDS=y. The .dts file for the board includes my .dtsi file.
Hardware details:
On my breadboard, interfacing my dev board to the display, I've pulled STBYB, RESET, SELB, RL, and TB high via a 10k pullup to 3.3v.
For backlight I'm using the adafruit tft friend - https://www.adafruit.com/product/1932
I'm taking 5v from my dev board to feed the backlight driver and I've hooked up LED- and LED+ of the display to the backlight driver. The driver is configured to output 75mA at the moment. The adafruit board has specs of outputting up to 125mA at 24V while the SGD datasheet mentions 25.6V. I'm not sure if this is a problem or not.
I have the VSDN/VSDP hooked up to a TPS65132WEVM-669 (texas instruments) which I've programmed to provide +/- 5.5v. This EVM is powered from the same 5v as the backlight driver. I've verified it's outputting the correct voltages.
I've hooked up the display inputs RXIN[0123]+/- to board lvds port outputs D[0123]P/N. Display clock inputs RXCLKIN+/- are hooked up to board lvds port clock lines CLK0P/N.
My questions:
1) is the backlight driver the problem here?
2) is the .dtsi file I created for the display correct?
3) is there anything else I can check w/r/t my kernel / dts config or the hardware itself?
Thanks
B
There are five items which need to be verified:
LVDS settings in dts:
Check the IPU channel which is correctly mapped on the lvds device
data-width (18bit/24bit) of the lvds channel.
LVDS output format for serializer (VESA or Non-VESA format )
Frame buffer settings in dts:
Check your frame buffer settings
- bit pet pixels
- Pixel format
- ipu clock
Kernel command:
Check whether any of the kernel command which is overwrite the dtsi settings during kernel startup.
Backlight:
In order to make the backlight, measure the display current.
Lock:
Check the physical connection between serializer and deserializer. Make sure the LOCK signal.
I had as similar issue after a kernel update, and this kernel "fix" was the problem. Newer kernels (after 2013) fall back on not having any LVDS screen, which mean that you don't see any graphics.
http://marc.info/?l=git-commits-head&m=138449380916013&w=2

Pin Muxing in linux kernel

I want to do following pin muxing.
i.e USART Tx -> to GPIO -> Back to USART Tx pin inside Linux kernel for some purpose.
I tried to make the PIN as GPIO using gpio_request and gpio_direction_output, so i am able to make that pin as GPIO . But as i want to switch back from GPIO to USART Tx pin, it is not working, I tried following at91_set_A_periph to that pin, still no luck.
Working on kernel : 3.18 and at91 atmel board.
You can have a look at the i2c-imx driver. It does exactly that.
You need to use pinctrl_lookup_state to retrieve the different pinctrl states (one of those being USART Tx and the other one GPIO). Then you can switch between both with pinctrl_select_state.
To sum it up, you'd have something like that in your uart node:
usart3: serial#fc00c000 {
pinctrl-names = "default","gpio";
pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_usart3>;
pinctrl-1 = <&pinctrl_usart3_gpio>;
tx-gpio = <&pioE 4 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
status = "okay";
};
In the driver code:
pinctrl_pins_default = pinctrl_lookup_state(pinctrl, PINCTRL_STATE_DEFAULT);
pinctrl_pins_gpio = pinctrl_lookup_state(pinctrl, "gpio");
tx_gpio = of_get_named_gpio(pdev->dev.of_node, "tx-gpio", 0);
Then, you can use pinctrl_select_state to switch back and forth between pinctrl_pins_default and pinctrl_pins_gpio. tx_gpio is your gpio.

Specifying GPIO Numbers for IO Expander in Linux Device Tree

I'm trying to add a PCA9557 I/O expander to an arm-based system on an I2C bus. The system already has another I/O expander on a different I2C bus. I am trying to figure out how to specify which GPIO numbers the pins on the new expander get, and how to get both working.
Here's the device tree section for the existing expander, under I2C bus 2:
i2c2: i2c#e8007000 {
status = "ok";
pca9539: pca9539#74 {
compatible = "nxp,pca9539";
reg = <0x74>;
interrupt-parent = <&gpio>;
interrupts = <9 0x0>;
gpio-controller;
#gpio-cells = <2>;
interrupt-controller;
#interrupt-cells = <2>;
};
};
Using the above, the existing I/O expander (with 16 GPIOs) appears in linux as /sys/class/gpio/gpiochip128, exposing GPIO numbers 128 - 143. GPIOs 0-127 are built in to the host processor.
I added the following for the new expander on I2C bus 0:
i2c0: i2c#e8003000 {
status = "ok";
pca9557: pca9557#18 {
compatible = "nxp,pca9557";
reg = <0x18>;
gpio-controller;
#gpio-cells = <2>;
};
I also modified the kernel config to build the GPIO_PCA953X driver, which should support the PCA9557.
When I compile and boot with the above added to the device tree, I now see the NEW expander (PCA9557) mapped as /sys/class/gpio/gpiochip136, and it works (I can set its IO 0 pin using GPIO128).
However, there are no longer any GPIO pins for the other expander. It still appears as a device on the appropriate bus under /sys/devices/... but a directory listing doesn't show the "driver..." and "i2c-2" items which were there before.
So how do I get BOTH expanders to appear in /sys/class/gpio/ with different ranges of GPIO numbers, so I can use both?
I guess the "128" as the base GPIO for the original expander was just the next available GPIO? But why does the new expander end up starting at GPIO 136?
I've seen several references to this page: GPIO bindings documentation, but it was fairly generic and didn't help much.

TinyX shows display using builtin fbtft touchscreen driver but touch doesn't work

I'm using an "adafruitts" touchscreen with a raspi to control a usb peripheral.
The full raspbian kernel takes forever to boot (50 seconds), and part of that is due to the touchscreen driver loading (by modprobe/udev) and initializing.
During the first 20-30 seconds of boot, the display is not loaded, so it is blank. I need this to be a user-friendly item that cannot be blank for 30 seconds each time it is turned on, so I've used buildroot to build a small kernel with the touchscreen driver built-in. (I am on a steep learning curve with buildroot and kernel building in general).
The display driver is fbtft_device.c patched to include the adafruitts display. This patch defines the "touch" half:
/* Touch device spi-half of adafruit touchscreen */
.name = "adafruitts",
.spi = &(struct spi_board_info) {
.modalias = "stmpe610",
.max_speed_hz = 500000,
.mode = SPI_MODE_0,
.chip_select = 1,
.platform_data = &(struct stmpe_platform_data) {
.blocks = STMPE_BLOCK_TOUCHSCREEN | STMPE_BLOCK_GPIO,
.irq_over_gpio = 1,
.irq_gpio = 24,
.irq_trigger = IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING,
.irq_base = GPIO_IRQ_START + GPIO_IRQS,
.ts = &(struct stmpe_ts_platform_data) {
.sample_time = 4,
.mod_12b = 1,
.ref_sel = 0,
.adc_freq = 2,
.ave_ctrl = 3,
.touch_det_delay = 4,
.settling = 2,
.fraction_z = 7,
.i_drive = 0,
},
}
},
.is_support = 1,
.gpio_settings = (struct gpio_setting []) {
{
.gpio = 24,
.pull = pull_up,
}
},
.gpio_num_settings = 1,
},
and the LCD half:
}, {
/* LCD component of adafruit touchscreen */
.name = "adafruitts",
.spi = &(struct spi_board_info) {
.modalias = "fb_ili9340",
.max_speed_hz = 16000000,
.mode = SPI_MODE_0,
.chip_select = 0,
.platform_data = &(struct fbtft_platform_data) {
.display = {
.buswidth = 8,
.backlight = 1,
},
.bgr = true,
.gpios = (const struct fbtft_gpio []) {
{ "dc", 25 },
{},
},
}
}
}, {
by including:
fbtft_device.name=adafruitts
in the cmdline.txt for the boot loader, I've gotten the display half of the system to work (it boots in ~ 5 seconds :) ) with tinyX/matchbox desktop showing the desktop, but I cannot get the touchscreen part to work (the cursor does not move when I touch the screeen).
Somehow I have to bind the touch part of the touchscreen to tinyX, but I have not been able to figure out how to do this.
I have tried to specify the keyboard (and mouse) when launching tinyX:
X -keybd smpte610 (for example)
but X reports it cannot find the driver.
How can I verify the touch screen input device was successfully loaded?
The boot log has these messages about fbtft_device:
fbtft_device: SPI devices registered:
fbtft_device: spidev spi0.0 500kHz 8 bits mode=0x00
fbtft_device: spidev spi0.1 500kHz 8 bits mode=0x00
fbtft_device: 'fb' Platform devices registered:
fbtft_device: bcm2708_fb id=-1 pdata? no
fbtft_device: Deleting spi0.1 (spi0.1)
fbtft_device: Looking at item 0
fbtft_device: Setting pin 24 to 2
stmpe-spi: probe of spi0.1 failed with error -22
fbtft_device: Deleting spi0.0 (spi0.0)
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 40x30
graphics fb0: fb_ili9340 frame buffer, 320x240, 150 KiB video memory, 16 KiB buffer memory, fps=20, spi0.0 at 16 MHz
fbtft_device: GPIOS used by 'adafruitts':
fbtft_device: 'dc' = GPIO25
fbtft_device: SPI devices registered:
fbtft_device: stmpe610 spi0.1 48000kHz 8 bits mode=0x00
fbtft_device: fb_ili9340 spi0.0 16000kHz 8 bits mode=0x00
kgdb: Registered I/O driver kgdboc.
Is the kgdb message associated with fbtft_device or something else?
If I look in /dev/input I see: event0, event1, and mice. event0 and event1 are associated with an attached keyboard (according to the boot log) and I have no mouse attached. Should there be some other items in input?
If the touch screen input device IS loaded, how to I specify the correct driver for tinyX?
Thanks
What I learned:
By comparing the boot messages in my modprobe/udev/module loading kernel with the fast built-in kernel, it shows:
stmpe-spi: probe of spi0.1 failed with error -22
is a "bad" thing.
A successful driver load will say (something like):
bcm2708_spi.0: registered child spi0.0
and then later:
input: stmpe-ts as /devices/virtual/input/input0
I fixed the "probe" failure by making these changes to my kernel configuration file. (Sorry, I don't want to include the whole thing, so these are the changes from when I had the issue to when the driver successfully loaded according to the syslog):
< Touch Did Not respond > Touch Did respond
> CONFIG_INPUT_FF_MEMLESS=y
< CONFIG_INPUT_POLLDEV=m > CONFIG_INPUT_POLLDEV=y
< CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV=m > CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV=y
< CONFIG_TOUCHSCREEN_STMPE=m > CONFIG_TOUCHSCREEN_STMPE=y
> CONFIG_KEYBOARD_STMPE=y
< CONFIG_SERIO=m > CONFIG_SERIO_SERPORT=m
> CONFIG_SPI_DEBUG=y
< CONFIG_SPI_SPIDEV=y
> CONFIG_SPI_GPIO=y
My main objective with these changes was to try to make sure that the dependent drivers were also built-in, and I enabled the debug. (Some of these were magically set by menuconfig, and this is diff from the "non-default" values from buildroot, so the diff is - different)
With this config, I now have event0, event1, event2, mice, and mouse0. The syslog says event1 and event2 are associated with the usb keyboard I have attached. I have no extra mouse attached.
I could use "evtest" to see events from /dev/input/event0 whenever I touched the display. evtest'ing /dev/input/mouse0 threw "Inappropriate ioctl for device"
I restarted X (tinyX) using:
X -mouse mouse,,/dev/input/mouse0
and touches worked, but the touch axis is rotated from the display axis.
I could not figure out a way to fix this in tinyX, so I'm going with a full blown Xorg implementation.
Make sure you have enabled the evdev input support in tinyx (BR2_PACKAGE_XSERVER_XORG_SERVER_KDRIVE_EVDEV) and use the syntax specified in hw/kdrive/src/kinput.c:
/*
* You can call your kdriver server with something like:
* $ ./hw/kdrive/yourserver/X :1 -mouse evdev,,device=/dev/input/event4 -keybd
* evdev,,device=/dev/input/event1,xkbmodel=abnt2,xkblayout=br
*/

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