I have lots of files like these:
tf_CVBV6Z_CVSA1Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVBV5Z_CVSA2Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVBV4Z_CVSA3Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVBV3Z_CVSA4Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVBV2Z_CVSA5Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVBV1Z_CVSA6Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
and I want to change the order to end up like this:
tf_CVSA1Z_CVBV6Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVSA2Z_CVBV5Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVSA3Z_CVBV4Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVSA4Z_CVBV3Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVSA5Z_CVBV2Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVSA6Z_CVBV1Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
I tried the rename option but it does not work.
Any thoughts?
Thanks
With perl's rename :
$ rename -n 's/(CV[^_]+)_(CV[^_]+)/$2_$1/' tf_CVSA1Z_CVBV6Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
tf_CVSA1Z_CVBV6Z_pws2_pcc1.sac -> tf_CVBV6Z_CVSA1Z_pws2_pcc1.sac
Remove -n switch when the output looks good.
There are other tools with the same name which may or may not be able to do this, so be careful.
If you run the following command (GNU)
$ file "$(readlink -f "$(type -p rename)")"
and you have a result that contains Perl script, ASCII text executable and not containing ELF, then this seems to be the right tool =)
If not, to make it the default (usually already the case) on Debian and derivative like Ubuntu :
$ sudo update-alternatives --set rename /path/to/rename
Replace /path/to/rename to the path of your perl rename executable.
If you don't have this command, search your package manager to install it or do it manually (no deps...)
This tool was originally written by Larry Wall, the Perl's dad.
Related
I am fairly new to Bash and don't know how to do much. I have a series of folder and within those folders I have a few files, for example in the first folder I might have:
file1_0.extension
file1_1.extension
file1_2.extension
...
file1_9.extension
file1_10.extension
file1_11.extension
...
And so on. What I would like to do is write a Bash script that goes through all folders and change the first 10 filenames so that it instead looks like this:
file1_00.extension
file1_01.extension
file1_02.extension
...
file1_09.extension
file1_10.extension
file1_11.extension
...
Would anyone be able to explain how this can be done in Bash? I am fairly new to Bash scripting
You can use "rename" command to do the trick.
First, using "rename -v" to see whether it's installed, if not, you can use this command for Ubuntu
sudo apt install rename
Or for SUSE
zypper install rename
Then simply use
rename -e 's/file1_([0-9]).extension/file1_0$1.extension/' -- *.extension
This can rename the files as you'd like to.
There are similar questions about how to add numbers with leading zero etc. but in my case my filename has two numbers which is the number of chapter and the number of page. Both lack the leading zero, so they aren't sorted alphabetically. Using rename or any other method I want to convert files like these:
file_1_1.mp3 to file_01_01.mp3
file_1_12.mp3 to file_01_12.mp3
file_12_1.mp3 to file_12_01.mp3
...
I tried this:
rename 's/\d+/sprintf("%02d",$&)/e' *.mp3
but it just add leading zero to the chapter number.
Like this:
rename -n 's/(\d+)_(\d+)\./sprintf("%02d_%02d.", $1, $2)/e' *.mp3
Remove -n switch when the output looks good for you
Output
rename(file_1_12.mp3, file_01_12.mp3)
rename(file_1_1.mp3, file_01_01.mp3)
rename(file_12_1.mp3, file_12_01.mp3)
man rename
There are other tools with the same name which may or may not be able to do this, so be careful.
The rename command that is part of the util-linux package, won't.
If you run the following command (GNU)
$ rename
and you see perlexpr, then this seems to be the right tool.
If not, to make it the default (usually already the case) on Debian and derivative like Ubuntu :
$ sudo apt install rename
$ sudo update-alternatives --set rename /usr/bin/file-rename
For archlinux:
pacman -S perl-rename
For RedHat-family distros:
yum install prename
The 'prename' package is in the EPEL repository.
For Gentoo:
emerge dev-perl/rename
For *BSD:
pkg install gprename
or p5-File-Rename
For Mac users:
brew install rename
If you don't have this command with another distro, search your package manager to install it or do it manually (no deps...)
This tool was originally written by Larry Wall, the Perl's dad.
This shell script works:
for file in *mp3
do
new=$(echo "$file" | sed 's/_/_0/g; s/_0\([0-9][0-9]\)/_\1/g;');
mv "$file" "$new";
done;
Appends a 0 to each underscore found
Removes that 0 if it resulted in at least digits in a row
Edit: added global flag to the 2nd substitute command, per comment by #PaulHodges
I want to replace double spaces with one space in the filenames of a lot of photos. These photos are located in directory /foto and it's subfolders. How to do this? For example "photo 1.jpg" needs to become "photo 1.jpg"
The best way is to use commandline, because it's on CloudLinux server. (and it is over 50GB of photos). I searched here on Stackoverflow, also Google to find the command I need. I guess rename is the one to use, or mv.
The only things I found were commands about replacing space and replacing other symbols, but not about double (multiple) spaces.
find -iname \*.* | rename -v "s/\s{2}/ /g"
This is the final command which helped me out. I used perl rename, see answer by Gilles
Use this, using Perl's rename :
rename 's/\s{2}/ /g' files*
Remove -n switch when the output looks good.
There are other tools with the same name which may or may not be able to do this, so be careful.
If you run the following command (GNU)
$ file "$(readlink -f "$(type -p rename)")"
and you have a result that contains Perl script, ASCII text executable and not containing ELF, then this seems to be the right tool =)
If not, to make it the default (usually already the case) on Debian and derivative like Ubuntu :
$ sudo update-alternatives --set rename /path/to/rename
Replace /path/to/rename to the path of your perl rename executable.
If you don't have this command, search your package manager to install it or do it manually (no deps...)
This tool was originally written by Larry Wall, the Perl's dad.
I didn't got the script from imapsync to rename maildir filenames to work. :-/
So what I need is:
I have a mail folder with thousands of mails. After importing those emails to my new server, the filename of the emails got the creation date as a Unix timestamp in the filename, but the creation date flag of the file is the correct receive date from the email.
ls -l for one file looks like this:
-rw-r--r-- 1 popuser popuser 1350432 2013-03-16 07:22 1363563215.M562903P29332V0000000000000802I0000000000AEA46B_527.my-domain.org,S=1350432:2,S
So what the script has to do is:
1) read the creation date/time of the file (I found the command
stat -c %y filename
does this)
2) convert the date/time from 1) to a Unix timestamp
date -d "2013-03-17 11:19:01.000000000 +0100" "+%s"
3) delete the first 10 digits (wrong timestamp) of the filename and us the the timestamp from 2) instead
4) do this for all files in a specific directory
I'm a newby in Linux scripts, can anyone help me with this script?
Thank you!
Try doing this with rename :
$ rename -n 's/^\d+/(stat($_))[9]/e' [0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]*
from the shell prompt. It's very useful, you can put some perl code like I does in a substitution for stat with the e modifier.
You can remove the -n (dry-run mode switch) when your tests become valids.
There are other tools with the same name which may or may not be able to do this, so be careful.
If you run the following command (linux)
$ file $(readlink -f $(type -p rename))
and you have a result like
.../rename: Perl script, ASCII text executable
and not containing:
ELF
then this seems to be the right tool =)
If not, to make it the default (usually already the case) on Debian and derivative like Ubuntu :
$ sudo update-alternatives --set rename /path/to/rename
(replace /path/to/rename to the path of your perl's rename command.
If you don't have this command, search your package manager to install it or do it manually
Last but not least, this tool was originally written by Larry Wall, the Perl's dad.
Edit
As stated here, if you have the following error :
Argument list too long
Then use find like this :
find -type f -name '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]*' -print0|
xargs -0 -n1 rename -n 's/^\d+/(stat($_))[9]/e'
(try it without -n1, that should works too)
What I'd like to do is to include settings from a file into my current interactive bash shell like this:
$ . /path/to/some/dir/.settings
The problem is that the .settings script also needs to use the "." operator to include other files like this:
. .extra_settings
How do I reference the relative path for .extra_settings in the .settings file? These two files are always stored in the same directory, but the path to this directory will be different depending on where these files were installed.
The operator always knows the /path/to/some/dir/ as shown above. How can the .settings file know the directory where it is installed? I would rather not have an install process that records the name of the installed directory.
I believe $(dirname "$BASH_SOURCE") will do what you want, as long as the file you are sourcing is not a symlink.
If the file you are sourcing may be a symlink, you can do something like the following to get the true directory:
PRG="$BASH_SOURCE"
progname=`basename "$BASH_SOURCE"`
while [ -h "$PRG" ] ; do
ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"`
link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> \(.*\)$'`
if expr "$link" : '/.*' > /dev/null; then
PRG="$link"
else
PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`"/$link"
fi
done
dir=$(dirname "$PRG")
Here is what might be an elegant solution:
script_path="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}"
script_dir="$(cd "$(dirname "${script_path}")" && pwd)"
This will not, however, work when sourcing links. In that case, one might do
script_path="$(readlink -f "$(readlink "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")")"
script_dir="$(cd "$(dirname "${script_path}")" && pwd)"
Things to note:
arrays like ${array[x]} are not POSIX compliant - but then, the BASH_SOURCE array is only available in Bash, anyway
on macOS, the native BSD readlink does not support -f, so you might have to install GNU readlink using e.g. brew by brew install coreutils and replace readlink by greadlink
depending on your use case, you might want to use the -e or -m switches instead of -f plus possibly -n; see readlink man page for details
A different take on the problem - if you're using "." in order to set environment variables, another standard way to do this is to have your script echo variable setting commands, e.g.:
# settings.sh
echo export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:/foo/bar
then eval the output:
eval $(/path/to/settings.sh)
That's how packages like modules work. This way also makes it easy to support shells derived from sh (X=...; export X) and csh (setenv X ...)
We found $(dirname "$(realpath "$0")") to be the most reliable with both sh and bash. As team mates used them interchangeably, we ran into problems with $BASH_SOURCE which is not supported by sh.
Instead, we now rely on dirname, which can also be stacked to get parent, or grandparent folders.
The following example returns the parent dir of the folder that contains the .sh file:
parent_path=$(dirname "$(dirname "$(realpath "$0")")")
echo $parent_path
I tried messing with variants of $(dirname $0) but it fails when the .settings file is included with ".". If I were executing the .settings file instead of including it, this solution would work. Instead, the $(dirname $0) always returns ".", meaning current directory. This fails when doing something like this:
$ cd /
$ . /some/path/.settings
This sort of works. It works in the sense that you can use the $(dirname $0) syntax within the .settings file to determine its home since you are executing this script in a new shell. However, it adds an extra layer of convolution where you need to change lines such as:
export MYDATE=$(date)
to
echo "export MYDATE=\$(date)"
Maybe this is the only way?