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This is my bot, who copies smilies in game chat.
The smiles it copies are saved in the table called "emoticons". If someone writes ":)", the bot writes ":)" and so on
The code inside the loop is for this: if someone writes, for example, ">:)", you have to make the script copy ">:)" and not just ":)"
CreateFrame, RegisterEvent, SetScript and SendChatMessage are in-game built Lua API
local emoticons = {
":)", "(:", ":))", ">:)", "0:)", ":D", ":]", ":)))", "=]", "?_?", "+.+", ":P", ":3", "^^", "roar", ":V", "D:", ":C", ".D", ".)", "o_o",
"^-^", ":PPP", ":DDD", ":D:D:D", ":DDDD", ":D:D:D:D", ":DDDDD", ":d", ":L", "<O>_<O>", "o/", "+_+", "?_?", "*0*", ":}", ";)", ":))))", "o.o", "<.<''", ":|",
":-)", "^^^^", ":D:D:D:D:D:D", ":D :D :D", "^^^", ":c", ";]", ":9", ">:|", ">.<", ";3", ";P", "T_T", ":3c", ":)))))",
"^^^^^" }
local f = CreateFrame("Frame")
f:RegisterEvent("CHAT_MSG_GUILD")
f:SetScript("OnEvent", function(self, event, text, playerName, _, channelName, playerName2, _, _, channelIndex)
local msg
local n = 0
for x, key in ipairs(emoticons) do
local l = string.len(emoticons[x])
if (string.sub(text, -l) == emoticons[x]) then
if (l > n) then
msg = emoticons[x]
n = l
end
end
end
if (msg) and (playerName ~= UnitName("player")) then
if (event == "CHAT_MSG_GUILD") then SendChatMessage(msg, "GUILD", nil, channelIndex) end
end
end)
Is there any way to improve it? For example, if someone writes
"^^^^^^"
the bot copies
"^^^^^"
which would be the same with one less "^" as it was stored in the table
My goal is that if someone writes, for example, "^^^^^^" and it is not registered in the table, the script will not respond
You're probably better off learning how to use string.gmatch
As an example, let's say you only store one instance of ':D' in your emoticons table. You can iterate through the matches and respond in kind. Here's a small example:
local text = ':D:D:D'
local count = 0
for w in string.gmatch(text, ':D') do
count = count + 1
end
if count > 0 then
local response = ''
for i = 1, count do
response = response .. ':D'
end
print(response) -- prints ':D:D:D'
end
This doesn't handle every case, but hopefully it can help you get started
:D
I generate some csharp wrappers using swig and install them to a directory.
After these files installed, I want to use env.Substfile to replace public enum with internal enum.
The thing is, no matter what I set the Substfile to depend on, it always executes before the wrappers are installed
Here is a part of the script:
install = Install(bins, wrapper_bins)
script_dict = {'public enum': 'internal enum'}
for f in Glob(wrapper_dir.abspath+'/*.cs'): # tried also without the filter
sub = env.Substfile(f, SUBST_DICT = script_dict)
Depends(sub, install)
How can I make sure the Substfile will always be executed only after Install was done?
Here is the updated code (still doesn't work)
env['WRAPPER_DIR'] = "c:\\dev\\test\\"
script_dict = {'public enum': 'internal enum'}
for f in Glob(wrapper_dir.abspath+"/*"):
sub = env.Substfile("${WRAPPER_DIR}/${SOURCE.file}", f, SUBST_DICT = script_dict)
Depends(installed_bins, sub)
SCons version 3.0.1
Try this:
installed_bins = Install(bins, wrapper_bins)
env['WRAPPER_DIR']='some path'
script_dict = {'public enum': 'internal enum'}
for f in Glob(source_path_for_cs_s+"*.cs"):
sub = env.Substfile("${WRAPPER_DIR}/${SOURCE.file}", f, SUBST_DICT = script_dict)
depends(installed_bins, sub)
I want to apply a certain behaviour to a label. When a lateral button is clicked, the corresponding label should rotate 90 degrees. It can be easily done in vala, but I can't discover the particular syntax on genie.
The vala code I am trying to reproduce comes from elementary OS getting started guide:
hello_button.clicked.connect(() =>
{
hello_label.label = "Hello World!";
hello_button.sensitive = false;
});
rotate_button.clicked.connect(() =>
{
rotate_label.angle = 90;
rotate_label.label = "Verbal";
rotate_button.sensitive = false;
});
I actually managed to reproduce almost entirely the code in Genie, for the exception of the rotation. Here is how far I got:
/* ANOTHER GTK EXPERIMENT WITH GENIE BASED ON ELEMENTARY INTRODUCTORY PAGE
** compile with valac --pkg gtk+03.0 layoutgtkexample.gs */
[indent=4]
uses Gtk
init
Gtk.init (ref args)
var window = new Gtk.Window()
window.title = "Hello World!"
window.set_border_width(12)
var layout = new Gtk.Grid ()
layout.column_spacing = 6
layout.row_spacing = 6
var hello_button = new Gtk.Button.with_label("Say Hello")
var hello_label = new Gtk.Label("Hello")
var rotate_button = new Gtk.Button.with_label ("Rotate")
var rotate_label = new Gtk.Label("Horizontal")
// add first row of widgets
layout.attach (hello_button, 0, 0, 1,1)
layout.attach_next_to (hello_label, hello_button, PositionType.RIGHT, 1, 1)
// add second row of widgets
layout.attach(rotate_button, 0,1,1,1)
layout.attach_next_to(rotate_label, rotate_button, PositionType.RIGHT, 1, 1)
window.add(layout)
hello_button.clicked.connect(hello_pushed)
rotate_button.clicked.connect(rotate_pushed)
window.destroy.connect(Gtk.main_quit)
window.show_all ()
Gtk.main ()
def hello_pushed (btn:Button)
btn.label = "Hello World!"
btn.sensitive = false
def rotate_pushed (btn:Button)
btn.label = "Vertical"
//btn.angle = 90
btn.sensitive = false
The problem is to do with where identifiers are valid and is known as "scope".
The Vala example makes use of an anonymous function, also called a lambda expression in Vala. An anonymous function can be a "closure", when the variables in the scope that defines the anonymous function are also available within the anonymous function. This is useful because the callback occurs after the original block of code has been run, but the variables are still available within the callback. So in the Vala example, where both the button and label are defined in the enclosing scope, the button and label are also available in the callback anonymous function.
Unfortunately Genie isn't able to parse anonymous functions as function arguments, in this case within the connect() call. Although some work has been done on this in 2015. So you have rightly used a function name instead. The problem is the callback only passes the button as an argument and not the adjacent label. So to make the label available within the callback function we could use a class:
/* ANOTHER GTK EXPERIMENT WITH GENIE BASED ON ELEMENTARY INTRODUCTORY PAGE
** compile with valac --pkg gtk+-3.0 layoutgtkexample.gs */
[indent=4]
uses Gtk
init
Gtk.init (ref args)
new RotatingButtonWindow( "Hello World!" )
Gtk.main ()
class RotatingButtonWindow:Window
_hello_label:Label
_rotate_label:Label
construct( window_title:string )
title = window_title
set_border_width(12)
var layout = new Grid ()
layout.column_spacing = 6
layout.row_spacing = 6
// add 'hello' row of widgets
var hello_button = new Button.with_label("Say Hello")
_hello_label = new Label("Hello")
layout.attach (hello_button, 0, 0, 1,1)
layout.attach_next_to (_hello_label, hello_button, PositionType.RIGHT, 1, 1)
// add 'rotate' row of widgets
var rotate_button = new Button.with_label ("Rotate")
_rotate_label = new Label("Horizontal")
layout.attach(rotate_button, 0,1,1,1)
layout.attach_next_to(_rotate_label, rotate_button, PositionType.RIGHT, 1, 1)
add(layout)
hello_button.clicked.connect(hello_pushed)
rotate_button.clicked.connect(rotate_pushed)
destroy.connect(Gtk.main_quit)
show_all ()
def hello_pushed (btn:Button)
_hello_label.label = "Hello World!"
btn.sensitive = false
def rotate_pushed (btn:Button)
_rotate_label.label = "Vertical"
_rotate_label.angle = 90
btn.sensitive = false
A few notes:
By placing the definitions of the _hello_label and _rotate_label within the scope of the class they become available to all the functions defined in the class. Definitions like this are often called "fields". The underscore means they are not available outside the class, so in the example you cannot access them from init
construct() is called when the object is created, in the example the line new RotatingButtonWindow( "Hello World!" ) instantiates the object. If you repeat the line you will have two separate windows, that is two instances of the RotatingButtonWindow data type
You will notice that the RotatingButtonWindow type is also defined as a Window type. This means it is adding more detail to the Gtk.Window class. This is why title and set_border_width() can be used within the new class. They have been "inherited" from the parent Gtk.Window class
By using the Gtk namespace with uses Gtk we don't need to prefix everything with Gtk
As your Gtk application gets more complex you probably want to look at GtkBuilder. That allows windows and widgets to be laid out in an external file. Then use GResource to build the file into the binary of your application so there is no need to distribute the UI file separately.
Can Matlab eliminate the path in URL and leave only the domain part? Does Matlab have any function to eliminate the path behind?
Let's say, example 1:
input :http://www.mathworks.com/help/images/removing-noise-from-images.html
output :http://www.mathworks.com
This regexp pattern should do the trick:
>> str = 'http://www.mathworks.com/help/images/removing-noise-from-images.html';
>> out = regexp(str,'\w*://[^/]*','match','once')
out =
'http://www.mathworks.com'
The search pattern '\w*://[^/]*' says look for a string that starts with some "word" characters ('\w*) corresponding to the protocol (e.g. http, https, rtsp), followed by the ubiquitous ://, and then any number of characters that are not a forward slash ([^/]*).
Edit: The 'once' option should eliminate a nested cell.
UPDATE: just the hostname, allowing inputs with no protocol.
>> str = {'http://www.mathworks.com/help/images/removing-noise-from-images.html';
'https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/strcmpi#dfvfv.html';
'google.com/voice'}
>> out = regexp(str,'([^/]*)(?=/[^/])','match','once')
out =
'www.mathworks.com'
'www.mathworks.com'
'google.com'
UPDATE 2: regexp madness!
>> str = {'http://www.mathworks.com/help/images/removing-noise-from-images.html';
'https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/strcmpi#dfvfv.html';
'google.com/voice';
'http://monkey.org/';
'stackoverflow.com/';
'meta.stackoverflow.com'};
>> out = regexp(str,'.*?[^/](?=(/([^/]|$)|$))','match','once')
out =
'http://www.mathworks.com'
'https://www.mathworks.com'
'google.com'
'http://monkey.org'
'stackoverflow.com'
'meta.stackoverflow.com'
% hostname.m
function hostnames = hostname(str)
hostnames = regexp(str,'.*?[^/](?=(/([^/]|$)|$))','match','once');
Code:
function output_url = domain_name(input_url)
c1 = strfind(input_url,'//');
ind1 = strfind(input_url,'/');
if isempty(c1) && isempty(ind1)
output_url = input_url; % For case like - www.mathworks.com
return;
end
if ~isempty(c1)
if numel(ind1)>2
output_url = input_url(1:ind1(3)-1); % For cases like - http://www.mathworks.com/ or http://www.mathworks.com/something/
else
output_url = input_url; % For case like - http://www.mathworks.com
end
else
output_url = input_url(1:ind1(1)-1); % For cases like - www.mathworks.com/ or www.mathworks.com/something/
end
return;
Example runs:
%% Long URLs with extensions
disp(domain_name('www.mathworks.com/help/images/removing-noise-from-images.html'))
disp(domain_name('http://www.mathworks.com/help/images/removing-noise-from-images.html'))
%% Short URLs without HTTP://
disp(domain_name('www.mathworks.com'))
disp(domain_name('www.mathworks.com/'))
%% Short URLs with HTTP://
disp(domain_name('http://www.mathworks.com'))
disp(domain_name('http://www.mathworks.com/'))
Return:
www.mathworks.com
http://www.mathworks.com
www.mathworks.com
www.mathworks.com
http://www.mathworks.com
http://www.mathworks.com
An alternative method and probably efficient one would be to use REGEXP, but apparently I prefer numbers.
Edit 1: If you prefer to use bunch of URLs at the sametime, you may use a cell array. Obviously, the output would be a cell array too. Look at the following MATLAB script to get a feel of it -
% Input
in_urls_cell = [{'http://mathworks.com/'},{'mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/strcmpi.html'},{'mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/strcmpi#dfvfv.html'}];
% Get domain name
out_urls_cell = cell(size(in_urls_cell));
for count = 1:numel(in_urls_cell)
out_urls_cell(count)={domain_name(cell2mat(in_urls_cell(count)))};
end
% Display only domain name
for count = 1:numel(out_urls_cell)
disp(cell2mat(out_urls_cell(count)));
end
The above script returns -
http://mathworks.com
mathworks.com
mathworks.com
In Ruby, objects have a handy method called method_missing which allows one to handle method calls for methods that have not even been (explicitly) defined:
Invoked by Ruby when obj is sent a message it cannot handle. symbol is the symbol for the method called, and args are any arguments that were passed to it. By default, the interpreter raises an error when this method is called. However, it is possible to override the method to provide more dynamic behavior. The example below creates a class Roman, which responds to methods with names consisting of roman numerals, returning the corresponding integer values.
class Roman
def romanToInt(str)
# ...
end
def method_missing(methId)
str = methId.id2name
romanToInt(str)
end
end
r = Roman.new
r.iv #=> 4
r.xxiii #=> 23
r.mm #=> 2000
For example, Ruby on Rails uses this to allow calls to methods such as find_by_my_column_name.
My question is, what other languages support an equivalent to method_missing, and how do you implement the equivalent in your code?
Smalltalk has the doesNotUnderstand message, which is probably the original implementation of this idea, given that Smalltalk is one of Ruby's parents. The default implementation displays an error window, but it can be overridden to do something more interesting.
PHP objects can be overloaded with the __call special method.
For example:
<?php
class MethodTest {
public function __call($name, $arguments) {
// Note: value of $name is case sensitive.
echo "Calling object method '$name' "
. implode(', ', $arguments). "\n";
}
}
$obj = new MethodTest;
$obj->runTest('in object context');
?>
Some use cases of method_missing can be implemented in Python using __getattr__ e.g.
class Roman(object):
def roman_to_int(self, roman):
# implementation here
def __getattr__(self, name):
return self.roman_to_int(name)
Then you can do:
>>> r = Roman()
>>> r.iv
4
I was looking for this before, and found a useful list (quickly being overtaken here) as part of the Merd project on SourceForge.
Construct Language
----------- ----------
AUTOLOAD Perl
AUTOSCALAR, AUTOMETH, AUTOLOAD... Perl6
__getattr__ Python
method_missing Ruby
doesNotUnderstand Smalltalk
__noSuchMethod__(17) CoffeeScript, JavaScript
unknown Tcl
no-applicable-method Common Lisp
doesNotRecognizeSelector Objective-C
TryInvokeMember(18) C#
match [name, args] { ... } E
the predicate fail Prolog
forward Io
With footnotes:
(17) firefox
(18) C# 4, only for "dynamic" objects
JavaScript has noSuchMethod, but unfortunately this is only supported by Firefox/Spidermonkey.
Here is an example:
wittyProjectName.__noSuchMethod__ = function __noSuchMethod__ (id, args) {
if (id == 'errorize') {
wittyProjectName.log("wittyProjectName.errorize has been deprecated.\n" +
"Use wittyProjectName.log(message, " +
"wittyProjectName.LOGTYPE_ERROR) instead.",
this.LOGTYPE_LOG);
// just act as a wrapper for the newer log method
args.push(this.LOGTYPE_ERROR);
this.log.apply(this, args);
}
}
Perl has AUTOLOAD which works on subroutines & class/object methods.
Subroutine example:
use 5.012;
use warnings;
sub AUTOLOAD {
my $sub_missing = our $AUTOLOAD;
$sub_missing =~ s/.*:://;
uc $sub_missing;
}
say foo(); # => FOO
Class/Object method call example:
use 5.012;
use warnings;
{
package Shout;
sub new { bless {}, shift }
sub AUTOLOAD {
my $method_missing = our $AUTOLOAD;
$method_missing =~ s/.*:://;
uc $method_missing;
}
}
say Shout->bar; # => BAR
my $shout = Shout->new;
say $shout->baz; # => BAZ
Objective-C supports the same thing and calls it forwarding.
This is accomplished in Lua by setting the __index key of a metatable.
t = {}
meta = {__index = function(_, idx) return function() print(idx) end end}
setmetatable(t, meta)
t.foo()
t.bar()
This code will output:
foo
bar
In Common Lisp, no-applicable-method may be used for this purpose, according to the Common Lisp Hyper Spec:
The generic function no-applicable-method is called when a generic function is invoked and no method on that generic function is applicable. The default method signals an error.
The generic function no-applicable-method is not intended to be called by programmers. Programmers may write methods for it.
So for example:
(defmethod no-applicable-method (gf &rest args)
;(error "No applicable method for args:~% ~s~% to ~s" args gf)
(%error (make-condition 'no-applicable-method :generic-function gf :arguments args) '()
;; Go past the anonymous frame to the frame for the caller of the generic function
(parent-frame (%get-frame-ptr))))
C# now has TryInvokeMember, for dynamic objects (inheriting from DynamicObject)
Actionscript 3.0 has a Proxy class that can be extended to provide this functionality.
dynamic class MyProxy extends Proxy {
flash_proxy override function callProperty(name:*, ...rest):* {
try {
// custom code here
}
catch (e:Error) {
// respond to error here
}
}
Tcl has something similar. Any time you call any command that can't be found, the procedure unknown will be called. While it's not something you normally use, it can be handy at times.
In CFML (ColdFusion, Railo, OpenBD), the onMissingMethod() event handler, defined within a component, will receive undefined method calls on that component. The arguments missingMethodName and missingMethodArguments are automatically passed in, allowing dynamic handling of the missing method call. This is the mechanism that facilitated the creation of implicit setter/getter schemes before they began to be built into the various CFML engines.
Its equivalent in Io is using the forward method.
From the docs:
If an object doesn't respond to a message, it will invoke its "forward" method if it has one....
Here is a simple example:
Shout := Object clone do (
forward := method (
method_missing := call message name
method_missing asUppercase
)
)
Shout baz println # => BAZ
/I3az/
Boo has IQuackFu - there is already an excellent summary on SO at how-can-i-intercept-a-method-call-in-boo
Here is an example:
class XmlObject(IQuackFu):
_element as XmlElement
def constructor(element as XmlElement):
_element = element
def QuackInvoke(name as string, args as (object)) as object:
pass # ignored
def QuackSet(name as string, parameters as (object), value) as object:
pass # ignored
def QuackGet(name as string, parameters as (object)) as object:
elements = _element.SelectNodes(name)
if elements is not null:
return XmlObject(elements[0]) if elements.Count == 1
return XmlObject(e) for e as XmlElement in elements
override def ToString():
return _element.InnerText