I have some json data like below, I need to create new columns based on the some Jason values
{ "start": "1234567679", "test": ["abc"], "value": 324, "end": "1234567689" }
{ "start": "1234567679", "test": ["xyz"], "value": "Near", "end": "1234567689"}
{ "start": "1234568679", "test": ["pqr"], "value": ["Attr"," "], "end":"1234568679"}
{ "start": "1234568997", "test": ["mno"], "value": ["{\"key\": \"1\", \"value\": [\"789\"]}" ], "end": "1234568999"}
above is the json example
I want to create a column like below
start abc xyz pqr mno end
1234567679 324 null null null 1234567689
1234567889 null Near null null 1234567989
1234568679 null null attr null 1234568679
1234568997 null null null 789 1234568999
def getValue1(s1: Seq[String], v: String) = {
if (s1(0)=="abc")) v else null
}
def getValue2(s1: Seq[String], v: String) = {
if (s1(0)=="xyz")) v else null
}
val df = spark.read.json("path to json")
val tdf = df.withColumn("abc",getValue1($"test", $"value")).withColumn("xyz",getValue2($"test", $"value"))
But this i dont want to use because my test values are more, I want some function do something like this
def getColumnname(s1: Seq[String]) = {
return s1(0)
}
val tdf = df.withColumn(getColumnname($"test"),$"value"))
is it good idea to change the values to columns, I want like this because I need to apply this on some Machine learning code which needs plain columns
You can use pivot operations to do such things. Assuming you always have one item in your array for test column, here is the simpler solution;
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
val df = sqlContext.read.json("<yourPath>")
df.withColumn("test", $"test".getItem(0)).groupBy($"start", $"end").pivot("test").agg(first("value")).show
+----------+----------+----+----+
| start| end| abc| xyz|
+----------+----------+----+----+
|1234567679|1234567689| 324|null|
|1234567889|1234567689|null| 789|
+----------+----------+----+----+
If you have multiple values in test column, you can also use explode function;
df.withColumn("test", explode($"test")).groupBy($"start", $"end").pivot("test").agg(first("value")).show
For more information:
Spark doc
Databricks blog
Medium blog
I hope it helps!
Update I
Based on your comments and updated question, here is the solution that you need to follow. I have intentionally seperated all operations, so you can easily understand what you need to do for further improvements;
df.withColumn("value", regexp_replace($"value", "\\[", "")). //1
withColumn("value", regexp_replace($"value", "\\]", "")). //2
withColumn("value", split($"value", "\\,")). //3
withColumn("test", explode($"test")). //4
withColumn("value", explode($"value")). //5
withColumn("value", regexp_replace($"value", " +", "")). //6
filter($"value" !== ""). //7
groupBy($"start", $"end").pivot("test"). //8
agg(first("value")).show //9
When you read such json files, it will give you a data frame which has value column with StringType. You can not directly convert StringType to ArrayType, so you need to do some kind of tricks like in the lines 1, 2, 3 to convert it into ArrayType. You can do these operations in one line or with just one regular expression or defining udf. It is all up to you, I'm just trying to show you the abilities of Apache Spark.
Now you have value column with ArrayType. Explode this column in line 5 as we did in line 4 for test column. Then apply your pivoting operations.
Related
I have this (simplified) Spark dataset with these columns:
"col1", "col2", "col3", "col4"
And I would like to add a new column: "result".
The value of "result" is the return value of a function that takes all the other columns ("col1", "col2", ...) values as parameters.
map/foreach can't change the iterated row, and UDF functions don't take a whole row as a parameter, so I will have to collect all the column names as input, and I will also have to specify each column type in the UDF registration part.
Notes:
The dataset doesn't have a lot of rows, so I don't mind having a low performant solution.
The dataset does have a lot of columns with different types, so specifying all the columns in the UDF registration part doesn't seem like the most elegant solution.
The project is written in Java, so I'm using the Java API to interact with Spark.
How can I achieve that behavior?
You actually could add a new column with a map.
df.map { row =>
val col1 = row.getAs[String]("col1")
val col2 = row.getAs[String]("col2")
// etc, extract all your columns
....
val newColumns = col1 + col2
// do what you need to do to obtain value for a new column
(col1, col2, ..., newColumn)
}.toDF("col1", "col2", ..., "new")
In term of Java API this will be just the same with some adjustments:
data.map((MapFunction<Row, Tuple3<String, String, String>>) row -> {
String col1 = row.getAs("col1");
String col2 = row.getAs("col2");
// whatever you need
String newColumns = col1 + col2;
return new Tuple3<>(col1, col2, newColumns);
}, Encoders.tuple(Encoders.STRING(), Encoders.STRING(), Encoders.STRING()))
.toDF("col1", "col2", ..., "new")
Alternatively, you could collect all your columns to the array and then process this array in your UDF.
val transformer = udf { arr: Seq[Any] =>
// do your stuff but bevare of types
}
data.withColumn("array", array($"col1", $"col2", ..., $"colN"))
.select($"col1", $"col2",..., transformer($"array") as "newCol")
I've found a solution for my question:
String[] allColumnsAsStrings = dataset.columns();
final Column[] allColumns = Arrays.stream(allColumnsAsStrings).toArray(Column[]::new);
UserDefinedFunction addColumnUdf = udf((Row row) -> {
double score;
// Calculate stuff based on the row values
// ...
return score;
}, DataTypes.DoubleType
);
dataset = dataset.withColumn("score", addColumnUdf.apply(functions.struct(allColumns)));
I have a dataframe joinDf created from joining the following four dataframes on userId:
val detailsDf = Seq((123,"first123","xyz"))
.toDF("userId","firstName","address")
val emailDf = Seq((123,"abc#gmail.com"),
(123,"def#gmail.com"))
.toDF("userId","email")
val foodDf = Seq((123,"food2",false,"Italian",2),
(123,"food3",true,"American",3),
(123,"food1",true,"Mediterranean",1))
.toDF("userId","foodName","isFavFood","cuisine","score")
val gameDf = Seq((123,"chess",false,2),
(123,"football",true,1))
.toDF("userId","gameName","isOutdoor","score")
val joinDf = detailsDf
.join(emailDf, Seq("userId"))
.join(foodDf, Seq("userId"))
.join(gameDf, Seq("userId"))
User's food and game favorites should be ordered by score in the ascending order.
I am trying to create a result from this joinDf where the JSON looks like the following:
[
{
"userId": "123",
"firstName": "first123",
"address": "xyz",
"UserFoodFavourites": [
{
"foodName": "food1",
"isFavFood": "true",
"cuisine": "Mediterranean",
},
{
"foodName": "food2",
"isFavFood": "false",
"cuisine": "Italian",
},
{
"foodName": "food3",
"isFavFood": "true",
"cuisine": "American",
}
]
"UserEmail": [
"abc#gmail.com",
"def#gmail.com"
]
"UserGameFavourites": [
{
"gameName": "football",
"isOutdoor": "true"
},
{
"gameName": "chess",
"isOutdoor": "false"
}
]
}
]
Should I use joinDf.groupBy().agg(collect_set())?
Any help would be appreciated.
My solution is based on the answers found here and here
It uses the Window function. It shows how to create a nested list of food preferences for a given userid based on the food score. Here we are creating a struct of FoodDetails from the columns we have
val foodModifiedDf = foodDf.withColumn("FoodDetails",
struct("foodName","isFavFood", "cuisine","score"))
.drop("foodName","isFavFood", "cuisine","score")
println("Just printing the food detials here")
foodModifiedDf.show(10, truncate = false)
Here we are creating a Windowing function which will accumulate the list for a userId based on the FoodDetails.score in descending order. The windowing function when applied goes on accumulating the list as it encounters new rows with same userId. After we have done accumulating, we have to do a groupBy over the userId to select the largest list.
import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Window
val window = Window.partitionBy("userId").orderBy( desc("FoodDetails.score"))
val userAndFood = detailsDf.join(foodModifiedDf, "userId")
val newUF = userAndFood.select($"*", collect_list("FoodDetails").over(window) as "FDNew")
println(" UserAndFood dataframe after windowing function applied")
newUF.show(10, truncate = false)
val resultUF = newUF.groupBy("userId")
.agg(max("FDNew"))
println("Final result after select the maximum length list")
resultUF.show(10, truncate = false)
This is how the result looks like finally :
+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|userId|max(FDNew) |
+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|123 |[[food3, true, American, 3], [food2, false, Italian, 2], [food1, true, Mediterranean, 1]]|
+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Given this dataframe, it should be easier to write out the nested json.
The main problem of joining before grouping and collecting lists is the fact that join will produce a lot of records for group by to collapse, in your example it is 12 records after join and before groupby, also you would need to worry about picking "firstName","address" out detailsDf out of 12 duplicates. To avoid both problems your could pre-process the food, email and game dataframes using struct and groupBy and join them to the detailsDf with no risk of exploding your data due to multiple records with the same userId in the joined tables.
val detailsDf = Seq((123,"first123","xyz"))
.toDF("userId","firstName","address")
val emailDf = Seq((123,"abc#gmail.com"),
(123,"def#gmail.com"))
.toDF("userId","email")
val foodDf = Seq((123,"food2",false,"Italian",2),
(123,"food3",true,"American",3),
(123,"food1",true,"Mediterranean",1))
.toDF("userId","foodName","isFavFood","cuisine","score")
val gameDf = Seq((123,"chess",false,2),
(123,"football",true,1))
.toDF("userId","gameName","isOutdoor","score")
val emailGrp = emailDf.groupBy("userId").agg(collect_list("email").as("UserEmail"))
val foodGrp = foodDf
.select($"userId", struct("score", "foodName","isFavFood","cuisine").as("UserFoodFavourites"))
.groupBy("userId").agg(sort_array(collect_list("UserFoodFavourites")).as("UserFoodFavourites"))
val gameGrp = gameDf
.select($"userId", struct("gameName","isOutdoor","score").as("UserGameFavourites"))
.groupBy("userId").agg(collect_list("UserGameFavourites").as("UserGameFavourites"))
val result = detailsDf.join(emailGrp, Seq("userId"))
.join(foodGrp, Seq("userId"))
.join(gameGrp, Seq("userId"))
result.show(100, false)
Output:
+------+---------+-------+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|userId|firstName|address|UserEmail |UserFoodFavourites |UserGameFavourites |
+------+---------+-------+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|123 |first123 |xyz |[abc#gmail.com, def#gmail.com]|[[1, food1, true, Mediterranean], [2, food2, false, Italian], [3, food3, true, American]]|[[chess, false, 2], [football, true, 1]]|
+------+---------+-------+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
As all groupBy are done on userId and joins as well, spark will optimise it quite well.
UPDATE 1: After #user238607 pointed out that I have missed the original requirement of food preferences being sorted by score, did a quick fix and placed the score column as first element of structure UserFoodFavourites and used sort_array function to arrange data in desired order without forcing extra shuffle operation. Updated the code and its output.
I read the following blog and find the API is very useful.
https://databricks.com/blog/2017/02/23/working-complex-data-formats-structured-streaming-apache-spark-2-1.html
In the blog, there are lots of data selection example. Like using input
{
"a": {
"b": 1
}
}
Apply Scala: events.select("a.b"), the output would be
{
"b": 1
}
But data type conversion are not mentioned in the blog. Saying I have the following input:
{
"timestampInSec": "1514917353",
"ip": "123.39.76.112",
"money": "USD256",
"countInString": "6"
}
The expected output is:
{
"timestamp": "2018-01-02 11:22:33",
"ip_long": 2066173040,
"currency": "USD",
"money_amount": 256,
"count": 6
}
There are some transformations that not included in org.apache.spark.sql.functions._:
Timestamp is in second and is a string type
Convert IP to long
Split USD256 to two columns and convert one of the column to number
Convert string to number
Another thing is error handling and default value. If there is an invalid input like:
{
"timestampInSec": "N/A",
"money": "999",
"countInString": "Number-Six"
}
It is expected that the output can be
{
"timestamp": "1970-01-01 00:00:00",
"ip_long": 0,
"currency": "NA",
"money_amount": 999,
"count": -1
}
input timestampInSec is not a number. It is expected to use 0 and create a timestamp string as return value
ip is missing in the input. It is expected to usea default value 0.
money field is not complete. It has money amount but missed currency. It is expected to use NA as default currency and correctly translate the money_amount
countInString is not a number. It is expected to use -1 (not 0) as default value .
These requirments are not common and need some self-defined business logic code.
I do checked some function like to_timestamp. There are some codegen stuff and seems not very easy to add new functions. Is there some guide/document about writing self-defined transformation function? Is there a easy way to meet the requirments?
For all:
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
Timestamp is in second and is a string type
val timestamp = coalesce(
$"timestampInSec".cast("long").cast("timestamp"),
lit(0).cast("timestamp")
).alias("timestamp")
Split USD256 to two columns and convert one of the column to number
val currencyPattern = "^([A-Z]+)?([0-9]+)$"
val currency = (trim(regexp_extract($"money", currencyPattern, 1)) match {
case c => when(length(c) === 0, "NA").otherwise(c)
}).alias("currency")
val amount = regexp_extract($"money", currencyPattern, 2)
.cast("decimal(38, 0)").alias("money_amount")
Convert string to number
val count = coalesce($"countInString".cast("long"), lit(-1)).alias("count")
Convert IP to long
val ipPattern = "^([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})\\.([0-9]{1,3})"
val ip_long = coalesce(Seq((1, 24), (2, 16), (3, 8), (4, 0)).map {
case (group, numBits) => shiftLeft(
regexp_extract($"ip", ipPattern, group).cast("long"),
numBits
)
}.reduce(_ + _), lit(0)).alias("ip_long")
Result
val df = Seq(
("1514917353", "123.39.76.112", "USD256", "6"),
("N/A", null, "999", null)
).toDF("timestampInSec", "ip", "money", "countInString")
df.select(timestamp, currency, amount, count, ip_long).show
// +-------------------+--------+------------+-----+----------+
// | timestamp|currency|money_amount|count| ip_long|
// +-------------------+--------+------------+-----+----------+
// |2018-01-02 18:22:33| USD| 256| 6|2066173040|
// |1970-01-01 00:00:00| NA| 999| -1| 0|
// +-------------------+--------+------------+-----+----------+
I have a Spark Dataframe and I would like to group the elements by a key and have the results as a sorted list
Currently I am using:
df.groupBy("columnA").agg(collect_list("columnB"))
How do I make the items in the list sorted ascending order?
You could try the function sort_array available in the functions package:
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
df.groupBy("columnA").agg(sort_array(collect_list("columnB")))
Just wanted to add another hint to the answer of Daniel de Paula regarding sort_array solution.
If you want to sort elements according to a different column, you can form a struct of two fields:
the sort by field
the result field
Since structs are sorted field by field, you'll get the order you want, all you need is to get rid of the sort by column in each element of the resulting list.
The same approach can be applied with several sort by columns when needed.
Here's an example that can be run in local spark-shell (use :paste mode):
import org.apache.spark.sql.Row
import spark.implicits._
case class Employee(name: String, department: String, salary: Double)
val employees = Seq(
Employee("JSMITH", "A", 20.0),
Employee("AJOHNSON", "A", 650.0),
Employee("CBAKER", "A", 650.2),
Employee("TGREEN", "A", 13.0),
Employee("CHORTON", "B", 111.0),
Employee("AIVANOV", "B", 233.0),
Employee("VSMIRNOV", "B", 11.0)
)
val employeesDF = spark.createDataFrame(employees)
val getNames = udf { salaryNames: Seq[Row] =>
salaryNames.map { case Row(_: Double, name: String) => name }
}
employeesDF
.groupBy($"department")
.agg(collect_list(struct($"salary", $"name")).as("salaryNames"))
.withColumn("namesSortedBySalary", getNames(sort_array($"salaryNames", asc = false)))
.show(truncate = false)
The result:
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+
|department|salaryNames |namesSortedBySalary |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+
|B |[[111.0, CHORTON], [233.0, AIVANOV], [11.0, VSMIRNOV]] |[AIVANOV, CHORTON, VSMIRNOV] |
|A |[[20.0, JSMITH], [650.0, AJOHNSON], [650.2, CBAKER], [13.0, TGREEN]]|[CBAKER, AJOHNSON, JSMITH, TGREEN]|
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+
Problem: I have a data set A {filed1, field2, field3...}, and I would like to first group A by say, field1, then in each of the resulting groups, I would like to do bunch of subqueries, for example, count the number of rows that have field2 == true, or count the number of distinct field3 that have field4 == "some_value" and field5 == false, etc.
Some alternatives I can think of: I can write a customized user defined aggregate function that takes a function that computes the condition for filtering, but this way I have to create an instance of it for every query condition. I've also looked at the countDistinct function can achieve some of the operations, but I can't figure out how to use it to implement the filter-distinct-count semantic.
In Pig, I can do:
FOREACH (GROUP A by field1) {
field_a = FILTER A by field2 == TRUE;
field_b = FILTER A by field4 == 'some_value' AND field5 == FALSE;
field_c = DISTINCT field_b.field3;
GENERATE FLATTEN(group),
COUNT(field_a) as fa,
COUNT(field_b) as fb,
COUNT(field_c) as fc,
Is there a way to do this in Spark SQL?
Excluding distinct count this is can solved by simple sum over condition:
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.sum
val df = sc.parallelize(Seq(
(1L, true, "x", "foo", true), (1L, true, "y", "bar", false),
(1L, true, "z", "foo", true), (2L, false, "y", "bar", false),
(2L, true, "x", "foo", false)
)).toDF("field1", "field2", "field3", "field4", "field5")
val left = df.groupBy($"field1").agg(
sum($"field2".cast("int")).alias("fa"),
sum(($"field4" === "foo" && ! $"field5").cast("int")).alias("fb")
)
left.show
// +------+---+---+
// |field1| fa| fb|
// +------+---+---+
// | 1| 3| 0|
// | 2| 1| 1|
// +------+---+---+
Unfortunately is much more tricky. GROUP BY clause in Spark SQL doesn't physically group data. Not to mention that finding distinct elements is quite expensive. Probably the best thing you can do is to compute distinct counts separately and simply join the results:
val right = df.where($"field4" === "foo" && ! $"field5")
.select($"field1".alias("field1_"), $"field3")
.distinct
.groupBy($"field1_")
.agg(count("*").alias("fc"))
val joined = left
.join(right, $"field1" === $"field1_", "leftouter")
.na.fill(0)
Using UDAF to count distinct values per condition is definitely an option but efficient implementation will be rather tricky. Converting from internal representation is rather expensive, and implementing fast UDAF with a collection storage is not cheap either. If you can accept approximate solution you can use bloom filter there.