I am asking this question as Windows user but I request you not to limit the answer for windows only.
I tried executing Azure CLI commands in Power-Shell and they are executing successfully but not the other way around. In that case why do we have 2 separate command sets? Why not just work on Power-Shell? I have only tried some basic commands and they are all working except filter commands | find only works on CLI and | Select only works in Power-Shell.
I know that Azure CLI is for cross platform support. But is there any difference for Windows user? Are there any consequences to run CLI command on Power-Shell?
Thanks in advance.
Here are my opinions from using both. In no way am I saying one is better than the other. They both have their pros and cons.
Azure CLI is cross-platform command-line tool for managing Azure resources, and it can run in Windows, Mac and Linux. This also means it can run on Windows PowerShell. Its more flexible than Azure PowerShell since its a binary and can run inside any OS default shell.
Are there any consequences to run CLI command on Power-Shell?
Updating can be a bit of a pain. If you want to update it on Windows you have to re-install the MSI with the instructions from Install Azure CLI on Windows. Updating is easier on other platforms, and makes me only want to only use Azure PowerShell on Windows PowerShell. A work around is to use WSL on Windows, then you can run Azure CLI on Linux inside a Windows machine. You can install WSL at Windows Subsystem for Linux Installation Guide for Windows 10. I find updating the azure-cli package much easier on Linux using apt-get than the Windows equivalent. You can have a look at Install Azure CLI with apt on how to install the Azure CLI package on Linux.
Another difference is that you have to chain multiple commands with Azure CLI, such as az group list vs Get-AzResourceGroup from Azure PowerShell. You also can't run Get-Help with Azure CLI commands like you do with Azure PowerShell, which is a huge game changer for me, since I find the PowerShell help system to be very helpful displaying in-depth information about PowerShell Cmdlets. The Azure CLI help info is found with az --help, but is not as comprehensive as Get-Help.
Tab completion also doesn't work in Azure CLI when using Windows PowerShell. This makes typing a bit of a pain as well, another reason I use WSL inside of Windows. You can have a look at the other alternatives at this Autocompletion support in Windows command line GitHub issue.
Azure PowerShell on the other hand is a set of PowerShell Cmdlets for managing Azure resources from the command-line, and only works in Windows PowerShell and PowerShell Core. This also means that if another OS such as Mac or Linux is running PowerShell Core, then it can run Azure PowerShell as well.
I have only tried some basic commands and they are all working except filter commands | find only works on CLI and | Select only works in Power-Shell.
Select-Object or the shorthand Select is a PowerShell Cmdlet, so it only works on PowerShell objects. find can search a string or text file. Furthermore, if you are searching for data from Azure CLI, you should use the --query parameter instead of find, since find is limited to searching strings inside text. Azure CLI uses the JMESPath query language to search for data inside the JSON output you receive. If your comfortable with this query language then searching for data using Azure CLI shouldn't be too much of an issue. Additionally, you can also use Azure CLI commands inside PowerShell scripts, but not vice-versa.
Summary
If you deal with multiple platforms or want to write scripts with others that use different platforms, using Azure CLI is a good choice. However, if you mainly deal with Windows systems and work with others who do so as well, then using Azure PowerShell is a good idea. If your like me and have to use different platforms, then installing both is a good idea. If you still just want to use Azure PowerShell on different OS platforms, then you need PowerShell Core.
For simple tasks, like quickly looking up resources in cloud shell or writing quick scripts, Azure CLI is good to use and less verbose than Azure PowerShell. If you already use bash a lot, this will feel more natural, and adding Azure CLI commands to existing scripts will be a simple task. As others have also said, there is nothing stopping you from adding Azure CLI commands to powershell scripts, which allows you to deserialize the JSON output using ConvertFrom-Json into a PSCustomObject.
For more complex tasks, Azure PowerShell is preferable, since working with .NET objects/OOP principals is much easier than parsing the JSON text given from Azure CLI. This is one reason I try to use Azure PowerShell when I can.
Azure CLI does benefit from being idempotent, so running the same command against the resources won't require any null checking like in Azure PowerShell. If this becomes an issue, then you can run ARM templates in Azure PowerShell, which are idempotent.
Update
As #AimusSage helpfully pointed out in the comments, PowerShell 7.0 has recently been released, replacing the name PowerShell Core or PowerShell 6.x. You can read more at Announcing PowerShell 7.0.
Another Idea
If you want to maintain OOP principals from Azure PowerShell, but use something that is easier for Linux Sys Admins to use, then you can consider using the Azure SDK for Python. I have used this in the past when I wanted to run scripts in a Linux host, but didn't want to use Azure CLI or install PowerShell.
I like the previous answers, I just want to add a different point of view for people in the enterprise world that is forced to pick one:
In that case why do we have 2 separate command sets? Why not just work on Power-Shell?
Rephrasing: Both Az CLI and Az PowerShell just call the same set of APIs, the Azure APIs.
This is important because theoretically and eventually you will be able to do everything in both ways
So why did Microsoft creates and maintains two ways of doing the same thing?
Martin Fowler ones said: but remember, the skill of the team will outweigh any monolith/microservice choice
If you change the monolith/microservice by PowerShell/Bash then this answers the question.
I believe that there are people with decades of development of systems using Bash, and there are other teams that are heavy users of PowerShell. Microsoft does not want them to have to learn a whole new programming language to be able to use Azure.
Summary:
If your team is familiar with PowerShell, go with PowerShell and do as much native PowerShell stuff as possible. This way you benefit from things like error handling, OOP concepts,environment settings, parallelization, etc
If yout team are linux admins, heavy users of jenkins, with million lines of Bash to automate other things already there, and working with Bash for their entire life, go with CLI and keep consistency across all the already built tools
I've noticed when doing the MS Azure training (AZ-900 fundamentals and AZ-303 Azure Architect) is that the exercises are done in Azure CLI.
That's not to say it's better, but if you're wanting to do the exams it might be worth being familiar with it. For the record, I'm a PowerShell guy.
the existing answer is silly way of looking at this question. and misleading.
The biggest difference is that azure cli is a binary (that can run on different platforms) and Powershell is a shell that works across platforms. Azure Powershell is a bunch of Powershell modules, everything else derives from that.
find cannot work in the cli, because there is no in the cli, because its not a shell. find works perfectly fine in Powershell on Windows, because its a binary in the Windows OS, whereas select is a cmdlet in Powershell and hence it will not work in command line on Windows (or bash on Linux).
Furthermore, if you are searching for data from Azure CLI, you should
use the --query parameter instead of find
this is also debatable, JMESPath query language is overcomplicated for no particular reason and I dont know how Azure Cli is actually compatible with the official JMESPath documentation. I prefer to use Powershell to run Azure Cli commands and just parse output JSON with Powershell. Obviously, you might not be as comfortable with Powershell as I am and you might not find this convenient.
Another issue with Azure Powershell that does not seem to be the case with azure cli is the different versions. I have spent days figuring out which version of which command for which script in my pipeline needs to be what. Seriously the most ridiculous assinined
I trying to open a browser from cloud shell. I have firefox installed in cloud shell but can't launch it.
getting this error :
XPCOMGlueLoad error for file ...../firefox/libxul.so:
libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Couldn't load XPCOM.
I found a couple of solutions on Google but didn't work. So thought of checking if it's allowed to launch a browser from Azure cloud Shell or not?
Probably, It's not allowed to do that since cloud shell offers a browser-accessible, pre-configured shell experience for managing Azure resources without the overhead of installing, versioning, and maintaining a machine yourself.
You could get more details about Features & tools for Azure Cloud Shell.
No, this is not possible, because its a guiless container. so there is no video in the container. you can only use tty
I have created an Azure function. Can i debug Azure Functions on Azure portal without visual studio?
I am passing a complex parameter as File Model, i have to see what's coming in parameter value in debug mode?
There is no debug experience in the portal. Constrained to just the portal, you'll have to use log output to debug.
You might also look into the Azure Functions CLI which provides a local debugging experience. it doesn't require VS.
For Azure Functions V1, you can attach debugger then debug from Visual Studio as the code runs inside csx script:
https://markheath.net/post/remote-debugging-azure-functions
For Azure Functions V2, It seems there is no way till now but you can get massive logs and analytics based on your need.
Or may be you can find a way by uploading the debug version contains (.pdb files) and try to attach debugger. Check this:
https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Functions/issues/872
And i opened an issue here to ask about this:
https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Functions/issues/1051
I have another easiest solution It may feet in your issue or may not, I faced a situation that i want to test azure function webhook but that wouldn't work with localhost so the only solution for me is to test it after publishing and for that i was in need for debug on azure itself but there is another brilliant solution:
You can expose your localhost urls to the public by using many services and for example:
https://localtunnel.github.io/www/
Make sure that you installed nodejs, and follow the instructions to install the localtunel package globally through npm and then you can generate a public url for your localhost webhook so you can verify it against any third party and debug it.
Through Azure Functions Portal you won't able to have debugging tools for do that.
But you can you some ways to debug your azure functions:
1º) Remote debugging using Visual Studio IDE;
2º) Local Debugging using both Visual Studio or VS Code, too;
3º) Event though you're using Azure Functions CLI, you'll need some IDE, that is Visual Studio or VS Code;
The only way that there is on Azure Functions Portal to have something like a debugging is the LOG Window that is localized right below Function Code Window.
Are there any more cmdlets for Linux Azure Powershell apart from these?
Is there an official repository for Azure Powershell for Linux?
Is there a way for terminal to launch powershell on startup, not bash?
My google-fu is weak today :(
Your question is old but I'll still answer it. In hopes that you will receive my response via email, others seeking help in the future will see this, and to establish reputation on this damn site so I can actually start using it effectively.
Are there any more cmdlets for Linux Azure Powershell apart from these?
I assume you're specifically looking for Azure because of your title. AzureRM.Netcore has been released as of ~1 month ago. This supports 90% of the functionality you need to deploy to Azure.
https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/AzureRM.Netcore/0.9.1
Unfortunately, I am finding that some older cmdlets are not supported yet though, since they are in an older module called Azure, which does not yet have a .NET Core implementation. See my recent post for more information on that.
Is there an official repository for Azure Powershell for Linux?
You can find all of that discussion on the official Powershell repository. It is cross-platform. Additionally Microsoft intends to build Powershell 6 on top of .NET Core 2.0 which was released yesterday. So it's likely that future development will heavily support Linux. This will be your best resource: https://github.com/Azure/azure-powershell
Is there a way for terminal to launch powershell on startup, not bash?
There is. But I wouldn't recommend doing that. That just sounds wrong. But I'm a pretentious Linux user with a bias towards Microsoft so take my opinion with a grain of salt. There are two methods you can use to accomplish that.
1) Most Linux distros come with a command called chsh just for that. Try chsh -s /usr/bin/powershell provide that is the location of your installed Powershell binary. If you are not sure where it is, you can use which to determine the installation location. which powershell. Do not execute this command with sudo as that will attempt to change the shell for your root user rather than your current user.
2) Alternatively you can manually edit the file /etc/passwd on Linux. Locate the line that contains your user account, go to the very end of it, and replace /bin/bash or whatever shell you use with /usr/bin/powershell, or the proper location of your Powershell Binary.
I've been working with the Azure Powershell scripts from Microsoft over the last new days and am becoming frustrated with how often they seem to fail silently or give very misleading error messages. I have tried using the -verbose option, but this isn't very verbose.
Does any have any tips of things I can try to beef up the feedback when something goes wrong?
For example: Save-AzureServiceProjectPackage is reporting that the cloud_package.cspkg is created but no file is created on disk. If I delete my node_modules folder it works correctly and reports the same thing!
I've raised this direct with the team, but it appears the problem is with cspack.exe which the powershell calls: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-tools/issues/2689
I had similar problems.
What didn't work: to install the latest SDK for Azure (Libraries for .NET and Azure Powershell)
What did work: to shorten the longest directory path.
For instance, in your deepest subdirectories, you delete everything not needed. Or move your $DEV_ROOT directory to the drive's top level. It's not a nice solution though.