I am trying to get my login page working with blueprints. Before I separated my python package into separate packages, the app was successfully running with just app.py. However, now I am trying to make it more modular, I am having trouble running the app and it does not let me import the blueprint I created.
My file structure is like this:
myapp/
run.py
myapp/
__init.py__
app.py
models.py
...
Here is my run.py:
from myapp import app
app.run(host= '0.0.0.0', debug=True)
I am initializing my blueprint in app.py like this:
....
from flask import Blueprint
bp = Blueprint('bp', __name__)
#bp.route('/')
#bp.route('/home')
....
I am calling it from __init.py__ like this:
app = Flask(__name__)
....
app.config...
app.config...
app.config...
....
from . import bp # line 35
app.register_blueprint(bp)
However, no matter what I change the import to, it keeps complaining that it cannot import
# python3 run.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "run.py", line 1, in <module>
from usb import app
File "/my/path/to/myapp/myapp/__init__.py", line 35, in <module>
from . import bp
ImportError: cannot import name 'bp'
I even tried changing from . import bp to from myapp.app import bp, and then it throws a different error AttributeError: module 'myapp.app' has no attribute 'register_blueprint'
Here is the full error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "run.py", line 1, in <module>
from myapp import app
File "/my/path/to/myapp/myapp/__init__.py", line 33, in <module>
app.register_blueprint(bp)
AttributeError: module 'myapp.app' has no attribute 'register_blueprint'
Does anyone know what I am doing wrong here?
As far as i understand, you need to replace from from . import bp to
from myapp.app import bp.
This happens because of __init__.py, which makes package from 'myapp' dir, and python wait import path with package name.
Here is a little exmaple:
Project Structure:
myapp\
myapp\
__init__.py
app.py
run.py
run.py listing:
from myapp import app
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', debug=True)
myapp\__init__.py listing:
from flask import Flask
from myapp.app import bp
app = Flask(__name__)
app.register_blueprint(bp)
myapp\app.py listing:
from flask import Blueprint
#bp.route('/')
#bp.route('/home')
def home():
return '<html><body><h1>Hello, World!</h1></body></html>'
This error occurs because you are calling the bp instance without first loading it. When the python interpreter tries to load the route, for example:
# app/catalog/routes.py
from app.catalog import bp
#bp.route('/')
def hello():
return "hello world"
and verifies that the bp instance has not yet been loaded, it returns the error, describing that it has not found the bp module.
so to resolve this, in the blueprint configuration file, it will be mandatory to call the route after registering the blueprint. example:
# app/catalog/__init__.py
from flask import Blueprint
bp = Blueprint('main', __name__, template_folder='templates')
from app.catalog import routes
Related
I was able to run the project using the command line, but from last 1 day I am not able to run the command from the command line However using GUI the project is running fine...
C:\Users\tester\PycharmProjects\Selenium\SampleProjects\POMProjectDemo\Tests>py
thon login.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "login.py", line 6, in <module>
from SampleProjects.POMProjectDemo.Pages.loginPage import LoginPage
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'SampleProjects'
C:\Users\tester\PycharmProjects\Selenium\SampleProjects\POMProjectDemo\Tests>py
thon -m unittest login.py
E
======================================================================
ERROR: login (unittest.loader._FailedTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError: Failed to import test module: login
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\tester\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\unittest\
loader.py", line 154, in loadTestsFromName
module = __import__(module_name)
File "C:\Users\tester\PycharmProjects\Selenium\SampleProjects\POMProjectDemo\
Tests\login.py", line 6, in <module>
from SampleProjects.POMProjectDemo.Pages.loginPage import LoginPage
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'SampleProjects'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
FAILED (errors=1)
[![Tests/login.py
import time
from selenium import webdriver
import unittest
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from SampleProjects.POMProjectDemo.Pages.loginPage import LoginPage
from SampleProjects.POMProjectDemo.Pages.homePage import HomePage
import HtmlTestRunner
from SampleProjects.POMProjectDemo.Utility.XLUtil import getData
class LoginTest(unittest.TestCase):
#classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='F:/Selenium/chromedriver.exe')
cls.driver.implicitly_wait(10)
cls.driver.maximize_window()
def test_login_valid(self):
path = 'c:/Users/mahmood/PycharmProjects/Selenium_automaton/Login.xlsx'
# global path
driver = self.driver
row = getData.getRowCount(path,'Sheet1')
for r in range(2,row+1):
driver.get("https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/")
userN = getData.readData(path,'Sheet1',r,1)
passW = getData.readData(path,'Sheet1',r,2)
Same code was running fine, what changes I have done not able to debug it.
I have 2 files, both are in the same folder.
The file that I am trying to import is "HelloWorldClass.py"
(Code to HelloWorldClass.py)
class HelloWorld():
def __init__(self):
print("Hello World")
and the file that I am calling "HelloWorldClass" from is "ClassTest.py"
(Code to ClassTest.py)
from Classes import HelloWorldClass
HelloWorld()
and for some reason, I am getting this error...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:/Coding file/Owl Hoot/Classes/ClassTest.py", line 3, in <module>
from Classes import HelloWorldClass
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Classes'
>>>
Both files are in the Classes file. I don't see what I am doing wrong, can anyone help?
If both are in the same directory you can import like that:
from HelloWorldClass import HelloWorld
I have the following directory structure:
my-game/
__init__.py
logic/
__init__.py
game.py
player.py
game.py and player.py have import dependency on each other (cyclic imports).
game.py has the following definition.
from logic.player import RandomPlayer, InteractivePlayer
T = 8
class Game:
def __init__(self, p1, p2)
...
# some other things
if __name__ == '__main__':
p1 = RandomPlayer()
p2 = InteractivePlayer()
g = Game(p1, p2)
...
player.py is as follows:
from logic.game import T
class Player:
def __init__(self):
...
class RandomPlayer(Player):
def __init__(self):
...
class InteractivePlayer(Player):
def __init__(self):
...
I am trying to run the game from logic/ directory but I get the following error.
$ python3 game.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "game.py", line 2, in <module>
from logic.player import RandomPlayer, InteractivePlayer
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'logic'
I then tried running game.py from the directory higher up (my-game/).
$ python3 logic/game.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "logic/game.py", line 2, in <module>
from logic.player import RandomPlayer, InteractivePlayer
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'logic'
What am I doing wrong? How can I make these cyclic imports work?
I have also tried using this import in player.py
from .game import T
and using
from .player import RandomPlayer, InteractivePlayer
in game.py.
In this case, I get a different error. For example, when running from my-game/,
$ python3 logic/game.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "logic/game.py", line 2, in <module>
from .player import RandomPlayer, InteractivePlayer
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '__main__.player'; '__main__' is not a package
I get a similar error when running from logic/ directory.
I looked at this post but didn't understand where I was going wrong.
You are made a circulair import in your code try to remove it from your import
Vist this link you can find some other info about circular import :Remove python circular import
I created an executable using pyinstaller. My scripts all run fine but when i run the executable i get the error below. It appears it doesnt like the mysql connector in DBconnection.py. Any help is appreciated.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "main.py", line 8, in
File "c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_i
mporters.py", line 631, in exec_module
File "DBconnection.py", line 2, in
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'mysql'
[4780] Failed to execute script main
DBconnection.py:
from configparser import ConfigParser
from mysql.connector import MySQLConnection
import Global
def create_db_connection(filename= 'my.ini', section= 'dbconnection'):
parser = ConfigParser()
parser.read(filename)
db = {}
if parser.has_section(section):
items = parser.items(section)
for item in items:
db[item[0]] = item[1]
else:
raise Exception('{0} not found in the {1} file'.format(section. filename))
#global conn
Global.conn = MySQLConnection(**db)
print(Global.conn)
def close_db_connection():
Global.conn.close()
main.py:
from servers import updateservers
from policies import updatepolicies
from updateguardpoints import updateguardpoints
from activities import updateactivities
from guardpointstatus import updateguardpointstatus
from application import updateapplication
from application_servers import updateapplication_servers
from DBconnection import create_db_connection
from DBconnection import close_db_connection
from TrouxConnection import TrouxConnection
from TrouxConnection import CloseTrouxConnection
import Global
create_db_connection()
TrouxConnection()
updateservers()
updatepolicies()
updateguardpoints()
updateactivities()
updateguardpointstatus()
updateapplication()
updateapplication_servers()
CloseTrouxConnection()
close_db_connection()
reinstalled mysql - connector using PIP. Issue resolved
I am trying to generate an HTML test report by using Selenium webdriver library HTMLTestRunner. I am using Python 3.4 version and I have a version related error. Refer following snippet.
import unittest`enter code here`
import HTMLTestRunner
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.alert import Alert
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
class GreenlamTest(unittest.TestCase):
#classmethod
def setUp(cls):
cls.driver=webdriver.Firefox()
cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
cls.driver.maximize_window()
cls.driver.get('https://www.google.co.in')
def test_checkTitle(self):
assert "Google" in self.driver.title
def test_searchtest(self):
driver = self.driver
elem = self.driver.find_element_by_name("q")
elem.send_keys("pycon")
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
#classmethod
def tearDown(cls):
cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
HTMLTestRunner.main
Output
Finding files... done.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\vaibhav\Desktop\Selenium Softwares\eclipse-jee-luna-SR2-win32-x86_64\eclipse\plugins\org.python.pydev_4.0.0.201504132356\pysrc\pydev_runfiles.py", line 468, in __get_module_from_str
mod = __import__(modname)
File "C:\Users\vaibhav\Desktop\Selenium Softwares\Practice\pythondemo\Htmlreport.py", line 2, in <module>
import HTMLTestRunner
File "C:\Users\vaibhav\Desktop\Selenium Softwares\Practice\pythondemo\HTMLTestRunner.py", line 94, in <module>
import StringIO
ImportError: No module named 'StringIO'
ERROR: Module: Htmlreport could not be imported (file: C:\Users\vaibhav\Desktop\Selenium Softwares\Practice\pythondemo\Htmlreport.py).
Importing test modules ... done.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 0 tests in 0.000s
OK
You are getting error because your folder name Selenium Softwares has a space in it where your Htmlreport is present. Replace the folder name to exclude space out of it, probably an underscore or camelCase, etc... like this Selenium_Softwares . Here's how -
file: C:\Users\vaibhav\Desktop\Selenium_Softwares\Practice\pythondemo\Htmlreport.py)
Hope this helps.