I'm trying to script adding x.desktop items to the gnome launcher in 18.04.
In unity (16.04) you can use:
gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Launcher favorites XYZ
but I can't work out the equivalent (if it even exists) in gnome.
I've found gsettings of:
org.gnome.gnome-panel.launcher:/
Right, I worked it out so I figured I'd share this back.
For gnome (eg ubuntu 18.04), the following script will add an existing desktop file to favourites:
application="'${1}.desktop'"
favourites="/org/gnome/shell/favorite-apps"
dconf write ${favourites} \
"$(dconf read ${favourites} \
| sed "s/, ${application}//g" \
| sed "s/${application}//g" \
| sed -e "s/]$/, ${application}]/")"
For Unity (eg ubuntu 16.04), the following script will add an existing desktop file to favourites:
application="'${1}.desktop'"
favourites="/com/canonical/unity/launcher/favorites"
dconf write ${favourites} \
"$(dconf read ${favourites} \
| sed "s/, ${application}//g" \
| sed "s/${application}//g" \
| sed -e "s/]$/, ${application}]/")"
Scripts usage as follows:
./add_favourite.sh google-chrome
Related
I am trying to run a script inside a docker that was published by google.
The command I use mounts some datafiles onto the docker in a file called '/input' (inside the docker).
When I run the script, it says that it does not find the input file.
However, I do use the -v flag, and I ran a script that makes sure the input file is there (inside the docker).
So in summary - when I run
find /input -name "*.fasta"
It outputs:
/input/ucsc.hg19.chr20.unittest.fasta
As needed, but when I run the script, it says
./dv-quick-start: 19: ./dv-quick-start: --ref=/input/ucsc.hg19.chr20.unittest.fasta: not found
Full Script:
#!/bin/sh
BIN_VERSION="1.0.0"
INPUT_DIR="${PWD}/quickstart-testdata"
DATA_HTTP_DIR="https://storage.googleapis.com/deepvariant/quickstart-testdata"
OUTPUT_DIR="${PWD}/quickstart-output"
sudo docker run \
-v "${INPUT_DIR}":"/input" \
-v "${OUTPUT_DIR}":"/output" \
google/deepvariant:"${BIN_VERSION}" \
find /input -name "*.fasta"
sudo docker run \
-v "${INPUT_DIR}":"/input" \
-v "${OUTPUT_DIR}":"/output" \
google/deepvariant:"${BIN_VERSION}" \
/opt/deepvariant/bin/run_deepvariant \
--model_type=WGS \ **Replace this string with exactly one of the following [WGS,WES,PACBIO,HYBRID_PACBIO_ILLUMINA]**
--ref=/input/ucsc.hg19.chr20.unittest.fasta \
--reads=/input/NA12878_S1.chr20.10_10p1mb.bam \
--regions "chr20:10,000,000-10,010,000" \
--output_vcf=/output/output.vcf.gz \
--output_gvcf=/output/output.g.vcf.gz \
--intermediate_results_dir /output/intermediate_results_dir \ **This flag is optional. Set to keep the intermediate results.
Full output:
/input/ucsc.hg19.chr20.unittest.fasta
--ref is required.
Pass --helpshort or --helpfull to see help on flags.
./dv-quick-start: 19: ./dv-quick-start: --ref=/input/ucsc.hg19.chr20.unittest.fasta: not found
I feel there is some misunderstanding on my behalf, and I would appreciate any help.
Should more information be needed to answer the question, let me know.
You have some extraneous text in your shell script that's causing a problem. Delete the "replace this string" and "this flag is optional" text and all of the whitespace before them, making the \ the very last character on those lines.
In a shell script you can break commands across multiple lines using a \. But, the \ must be the absolute very last character in the line; if it's not, it escapes the character that comes after it.
# one line: ls -al $HOME
ls -al \
$HOME
# two lines: ls -al " " more text here; $HOME
ls -al \ more text here
$HOME
In your example you've left some explanatory text in
sudo docker run \
...\
--model_type=WGS \ **Replace this string with exactly one of the following [WGS,WES,PACBIO,HYBRID_PACBIO_ILLUMINA]**
# This is seen as a separate command
--ref=/input/ucsc.hg19.chr20.unittest.fasta \
...
Since the "Replace this string..." text makes the \ not be the absolute last character in the line, it causes the shell to break the command. You then get two commands, a docker run command without the --ref option and what looks like trying to run --ref=... as a separate command; that corresponds to the two errors you get.
I'd like to have a system-wide oh-my-zsh setup, but I'm not sure what would be the "best" approach for this. It is not my intention to ask about personal preferences or the like, I'm just unsure whether the solutions below are:
ln my local user configuration somewhere doesn't seem right, because adding an exploit to my local cfg and therefore gain root permissions would be very easy.
Installing oh-my-zsh to /etc would be maybe also a security hole because I simply haven't written it by myself.
Simply writing my own personal .zshrc would be the last approach I would like to try out because it’s very time-consuming.
Any recommendations?
Unless I'm misunderstanding the marked answer from Caleb is just the normal per-user installation steps with adding a .zshrc file to the skel dir and changing the default new-user shell, but it doesn't actually work or really answer the question because each user still requires the oh-my-zsh dir/would still require each user to clone the oh-my-zsh dir into their own folder meaning it's not really installed system wide, it just automatically gives them a zshrc file and changes the default shell to zsh, but without oh-my-zsh in each user folder it will error out.
From what I understand of the question it's asking how to install oh-my-zsh system-wide aka have it installed in ONE place and not require manually messing around on each new user/having a git clone of oh-my-zsh on each user dir. Assuming that's the case, here's what I did based off Arch Linux's AUR Package I normally use but was looking for the same on a centos server, however this can be done on any distro. Credit goes to MarcinWieczorek and the other maintainers, I just adapted the below so can do the same on non-arch distros.
If you already have oh-my-zsh installed on root just skip to Step 3. This isn't distro specific just uses the AUR Patch File for zshrc
Step #1
Install zsh of course
Step #2
Install oh-my-zsh as root as normal (shows wget method, see Calebs answer for alternative)
sh -c "$(wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"
Step #3
Move the install to /usr/share so is system-wide
#Copy zsh files to /usr/share for all uer access
mv /root/.oh-my-zsh /usr/share/oh-my-zsh
# Move into the dir and copy the zshrc template to zshrc (which will be the default for users)
cd /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/
cp templates/zshrc.zsh-template zshrc
# Nab the patch file from MarcinWieczorek's AUR Package and apply to the zshrc file
wget https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/plain/0001-zshrc.patch\?h\=oh-my-zsh-git -O zshrc.patch && patch -p1 < zshrc.patch
Now oh-my-zsh is installed globally and the user just needs that zshrc file. so NOW is where Caleb's answer comes in though just do the below as /etc/adduser.conf is only on debian whereas the below should be distro independent.
Step #4
Set it up to be the default on new users
# Create hard link to the zshrc file so it creates an actual independent copy on new users
sudo ln /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc /etc/skel/.zshrc
# Set default shell to zsh
sudo adduser -D -s /bin/zsh
Now that's a true installation of oh-my-zsh with all new users automatically having it applied with the /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc settings and no other steps needed.
Misc Notes
For any pre-existing users with oh-my-zsh:
cp /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc ~/.zshrc
You can set new user OMZ defaults in /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc
Auto Updates are disabled since new users do not have permissions to update the /usr/share/oh-my-zsh files
To update oh-my-zsh just cd to /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/ and run 'sudo git pull'
The oh-my-zsh cache will be handled per-user within each user dir under ~/.oh-my-zsh-cache/ (automatically created)
Fair Warning: this assumes a Debian style linux, but this should work on other forms as well. This also assumes you are starting from scratch.
Part 1, the install:
You will need to install zsh system wide, and not just for one user. (you may have already done this but I'll include it just to be comprehensive)
make sure you have installed zsh, simply: sudo apt-get install zsh
Follow the oh-my-zsh install guide or you can either:
use curl
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
use wget
sh -c "$(wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"
Part 2, Setting up zsh when new users are added:
You will need to make it so that new users default to zsh. In your /etc/adduser.conf file edit the line that says:
DSHELL=/bin/sh
to:
DSHELL=/bin/zsh
You should also change it for the /etc/default/useradd file, change the line:
SHELL=/bin/sh
to:
SHELL=/bin/zsh
Part 3, set your custom theme.
I have a custom theme file (here) that I wanted all users on the system to have. First, you should add the file to your .oh-my-zsh/themes folder:
cp your_custom_style.zsh-theme ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes
Next, edit your .zshrc file in your home directory, change the ZSH_THEME="default" to ZSH_THEME="your_custom_style"
Then, reload your .zshrc file with: . ~/.zshrc
Part 4, setting up new user's home directories.
We need to to place whatever files we want the new users to have in the /etc/skel directory, because this is what the system copies when it is creating new user's home directory. See this sys admin guide for details.
Copy your user's files (you may need to sudo):
cp -r .oh-my-zsh /etc/skel/
cp .zshrc /etc/skel
Now you will be able to add new users and they will have oh-my-zsh by
default with whatever custom theme you want them to have.
If you want to change all other existing user's shell to zsh, I would recommend reading this serverfault question.
If you want a system-wide install of Oh-My-Zsh, a convenient approach that overwrites the least number files is:
sudo git clone https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh.git /etc/oh-my-zsh
sudo cp /etc/oh-my-zsh/templates/zshrc.zsh-template /etc/skel/.zshrc
sudo mkdir -p /etc/skel/.oh-my-zsh/cache
Edit /etc/skel/.zshrc:
Edit the line export ZSH=$HOME/.oh-my-zsh (currently line 5)
Change the line to be:
export ZSH=/etc/oh-my-zsh
export ZSH_CACHE_DIR=~/.oh-my-zsh/cache
Then edit /etc/default/useradd and change the line SHELL=... to SHELL=/bin/zsh.
That's basically all (of course, git and zsh must be installed already).
To update a pre-existing user: login as them and cp /etc/skel/.zshrc ~/.zshrc
Update: Please do not edit this. I just rolled back an edit which completely botched it up!
Login as ROOT
Step 1: Install ZSH
# Download and extract ZSH
wget https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh/archive/zsh-5.8.tar.gz -P /tmp/demo/zsh
cd /tmp/demo/zsh
tar -xvzf zsh-*
cd zsh-zsh-5.8
# configure and make
sudo ./Util/preconfig
sudo ./configure
sudo make && sudo make install
# Add ZSH to the list of shells
echo /usr/local/bin/zsh | sudo tee -a /etc/shells
Step 2: Install oh-my-zsh
# If you're running the Oh My Zsh install script as part of an automated install,
# you can pass the flag --unattended to the install.sh script.
# This will have the effect of not trying to change the default shell, and also won't
# run zsh when the installation has finished.
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)" "" --unattended
# Add oh-my-zsh to /usr/share
mv /root/.oh-my-zsh /usr/share
mv /usr/share/.oh-my-zsh /usr/share/oh-my-zsh
mv /root/.zshrc /usr/share/oh-my-zsh
mv /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/.zshrc /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc
# Modify zshrc to point to /usr/share/oh-my-zsh
sed -i 's|export ZSH="'"$HOME"'/.oh-my-zsh"|export ZSH="\/usr\/share\/oh-my-zsh"|g' /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc
Step 3: Add Extra (Optional - Look at the bottom for extra features)
Step 4: Create Symbolic link
# Create Symbolic Links to /etc/skel
sudo ln /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc /etc/skel/.zshrc
Step 5: Add oh-my-zsh for root
# Change shell to ZSH for root
echo "$USER" | chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh
Step 6: Add oh-my-zsh for user
# Change user
su - username
# Copy zshrc to $HOME for user
cp /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc ~/.zshrc
# Change shell to ZSH for user
echo "$USER" | chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh
OR
sudo -i -u username bash << EOF
cp /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc ~/.zshrc
echo username | chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh
EOF
EXTRA:
Change theme to powerlevel10k
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/romkatv/powerlevel10k.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-/usr/share/oh-my-zsh/custom}/themes/powerlevel10k
sed -i 's/ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"/ZSH_THEME="powerlevel10k\/powerlevel10k"/g' /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc
Enable Auto correction
sed -i 's/# ENABLE_CORRECTION="true"/ENABLE_CORRECTION="true"/g' /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc
Enable Auto suggestions and Syntax highlighting
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-/usr/share/oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-/usr/share/oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
sed -i 's/plugins=(git)/plugins=(\n git\n zsh-autosuggestions\n zsh-syntax-highlighting\n)/' /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc
sed -i 's/plugins=(git)/plugins=(git)\nZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX=true/' /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc
Add nord dircolors
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/arcticicestudio/nord-dircolors.git /tmp/demo/dircolors
mv /tmp/demo/dircolors/src/dir_colors /usr/share/
cd /usr/share/
mv /usr/share/dir_colors /usr/share/.dir_colors
tee -a /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc >/dev/null <<'EOF'
test -r "/usr/share/.dir_colors" && eval $(dircolors /usr/share/.dir_colors)
EOF
I combined cFINNY's answer, reading and understanding the oh-my-zsh install script, the AUR patch in his answer, and fixing the broken adduser command to do this install in a FROM ubuntu:bionic (Ubuntu 18.04) Dockerfile :
RUN git clone \
-c core.eol=lf \
-c core.autocrlf=false \
-c fsck.zeroPaddedFilemode=ignore \
-c fetch.fsck.zeroPaddedFilemode=ignore \
-c receive.fsck.zeroPaddedFilemode=ignore \
--depth=1 \
--branch master \
https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh.git \
/usr/share/oh-my-zsh \
# Adapt zshrc template
&& cd /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/ \
&& cp templates/zshrc.zsh-template zshrc \
&& sed -i 's/export ZSH=$HOME\/.oh-my-zsh/export ZSH=\/usr\/share\/oh-my-zsh/g' zshrc \
&& sed -i 's/# DISABLE_AUTO_UPDATE="true"/DISABLE_AUTO_UPDATE="true"/g' zshrc \
&& sed -i 's/source $ZSH\/oh-my-zsh.sh//g' zshrc \
&& sed -i 's/ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"/ZSH_THEME="bira"/g' zshrc \
&& echo '\n \
\n \
ZSH_CACHE_DIR=$HOME/.cache/oh-my-zsh \n \
if [[ ! -d $ZSH_CACHE_DIR ]]; then \n \
mkdir -p $ZSH_CACHE_DIR \n \
fi \n \
\n \
source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh \n \
' >> zshrc \
# Copy zshrc template to $HOME on user creation
&& ln /usr/share/oh-my-zsh/zshrc /etc/skel/.zshrc \
# Setting the default shell for new users has no effect since:
# 1. The default shell is specified when creating new users in entrypoint
# 2. The `ade enter` command will execute `bash` anyways
&& sed -i 's/DSHELL=\/bin\/bash/DSHELL=\/bin\/zsh/g' /etc/adduser.conf
There's also a simple way to do this as well:
Login as the root user and install zsh
sudo su
apt-get install zsh
Then login as another user of the system:
su username
export ZSH=/home/username/.oh-my-zsh
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
Follow same procedures for all users who want oh-my-zsh
Hi I have a shell script which contains s3cmd command on ubuntu 12.04 LTS.
I configured cron for this shell script which works fine for local environment but don't push the file to s3. But when i run shell script manually, It pushes the file to s3 without any error. I checked log and found nothing for this. Here is my shell script.
#!/bin/bash
User="abc"
datab="abc_xyz"
pass="abc#123"
Host="abc1db.instance.com"
FILE="abc_rds`date +%d_%b_%Y`.tar.gz"
S3_BKP_PATH="s3://abc/db/"
cd /abc/xyz/scripts/
mysqldump -u $User $datab -h $Host -p$pass | gzip -c > $FILE | tee -a /abc/xyz/logs/app-bkp.log
s3cmd --recursive put /abc/xyz/scripts/$FILE $S3_BKP_PATH | tee -a /abc/xyz/logs/app-bkp.log
mv /abc/xyz/scripts/$FILE /abc/xyz/backup2015/Database/
#END
This is really weird. Any suggestion would be a great help.
Check if the user running configured in crontab has correct permissions and keys in the environment.
I am guessing the keys are configured in env file as they are not here in the script.
I am currently in my Project directory.
$ pwd
/home/karthik/Projects
I do the following from the cmdline.
gnome-terminal --tab --working-directory="/home/karthik/mininet" -e "sudo ./my_topo.sh"
I expect the above command to do the following
1) open a tab
2) go to working directory `/home/karthik/mininet`
3) execute the script `my_topo.sh`
Instead it seems to do the following.
1) open a terminal.
2) go to working directory `/home/karthik/mininet`
3) execute the script `my_topo.sh`
Also on a related note,How do I open a tab with sudo privileges so that I don't have to type in my password?
I tried doing the following
WID= xprop -root | grep "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW(WINDOW)"| awk '{print $5}'; xdotool windowfocus $WID; xdotool key ctrl+shift+t $WID
This does open a new tab but how do I execute the following commands in the new tab instead of the old one.
cd /home/karthik/mininet;
sudo ./my_topo.sh
Try this to your bash script:
#!/bin/sh
gnome-terminal -x sudo ./home/karthik/mininet/my_topo.sh
I have a little problem that is troubling me. Can i connect to a windows trough remote desktop protocol from a linux (Ubuntu)?
In Windows i have Remote Desktop Connection
http://www.techotopia.com/images/8/81/Windows_server_2008_remote_desktop_connection.jpg
but in linux i can connect only to other linux.
And i don't know if is possible. Is this possible?
Thank you
There are bare-boned applications like rdesktop as well as a number of nicer ones that can set up configuration defaults etc. The way it goes with KDE and Gnome, these apps sometimes go stale, get replaced, have inconsistent naming etc but hey, the price is right.
I currently like remmina the best. It is a Gnome/Gtk+ plus application. One nice feature is that it also has NX plugins and more. All works out of the box on my Ubuntu systems.
I always use this optimal configuration simply running rdesktop from terminal:
$ rdesktop -u REMOTE_USER -p REMOTE_PASSWORD -k pt -g 1440x900 -T "MY REMOTE SERVER" -N -a 16 -z -xl -r clipboard:CLIPBOARD -r disk:SHARE_NAME_ON_REMOTE=LOCAL_SHARED_FOLDER_PATH SERVER_HOSTNAME_OR_IP_ADDRESS
This includes defining the desired window size (-k pt, choose the desired one for you), adding a meaningful window title (-T "MY REMOTE SERVER") , enabling clipboard support (-r clipboard:CLIPBOARD) and a shared folder ( disk:SHARE_NAME_ON_REMOTE=LOCAL_SHARED_FOLDER_PATH) between your Linux host and Windows host.
Additionally you can also create a bash script each connection that you use more often:
#!/bin/sh
rdesktop \
-u REMOTE_USER \
-p REMOTE_PASSWORD \
-k pt \
-g 1440x900 \
-T "MY REMOTE SERVER" \
-N \
-a 16 \
-z \
-xl \
-r clipboard:CLIPBOARD \
-r disk:SHARE_NAME_ON_REMOTE=LOCAL_SHARED_FOLDER_PATH \
SERVER_HOSTNAME_OR_IP_ADDRESS
Yes you can, there are apps like Remote Desktop Viewer that are capable of use the RDP (remote desktop protocol)