I have two scripts:
fail_def.sh:
#!/bin/bash -eu
function fail() {
echo -e "$(error "$#")"
exit 1
}
bla.sh:
#!/bin/bash -eu
fail "test"
After source fail_def.sh, I can use the fail command without any problems in the terminal. However, when I call bla.sh, I always get line 2: fail: command not found.
It doesn't matter whether I call it via ./bla.sh or bash bla.sh or bash ./bla.sh, the error remains.
Adding source fail_def.sh to the beginning of bla.sh solves the problem, but I'd like to avoid that.
I'm working on an Ubuntu docker container running on a Mac, in case that is relevant.
I tried to google that problem and found some similar problems, but most of them seem to be connected to either not sourcing the file or mixing up different shell implementations, neither of which seems to be the case here.
What do I have to do to get the fail command to work inside the script?
It is expected!
The shell runs the script run with an she-bang separator always as a separate process and hence on a different shell namespace. The new shell in which your script runs does not have the function source'd.
For debugging such information, add a line echo $BASHPID which prints the process id of the current bash process on the bla.sh script after the line #!/bin/bash -eu and a test result produced
$ echo $BASHPID
11700
$ bash bla.sh
6788
fail.sh: line 3: fail: command not found
They scripts you have run on separate process where the imported functions are not shared between. One of the ways would be to your own error handling on the second script and by source-ing the second script. On the second script
$ cat fail.sh
echo $BASHPID
set -e
fail "test"
set +e
Now running it
$ source fail.sh
11700
11700
bash: error: command not found
which is obvious as error is not a shell built-in which is available. Observe the process id's same on the above case.
Related
This error happens when I run a software containing bash script with beggining like this:
#! /bin/sh
CYBER_UNAME=$(uname)
CYBER_UNAME_M=$(uname -m)
I tried to execute these two commands in terminal and it works fine. This error only happens when I run the shell script. What should I do?
The result of 'uname' is SunOS. This shell script cannot be modified since it's protected on our server.
The line
#! /bin/sh
should read:
#!/bin/bash
So, that script will probably never really work.
If you cannot modify the script in situ, you might want to copy it to your local directory and correct it.
Otherwise,
tail +2 scriptname|/bin/bash
might work.
I am using mapfile -t to obtain content of a text file and assign it to array.
In Jenkins it works fine where it will prompt steps and what command executed in console output .When I try to run in local console for example putty it prompts.
mapfile: not found [No such file or directory]
I know that mapfile is a bash command is and I am able to run the shell program after typing bash and executing the script.Is there anyway that I don't need to type bash in order to run the program ?I include #!/bin/bash -x on top of the script it still display the same error .The reason I don't want to type bash and execute the script is due to that it did not show what are the errors when the script dies.It did not display the error handling process that was in the script and it did not display output when it runs the command.
Please open a new file called script in a text editor. Type your program in:
#!/bin/bash -x
set -e
item=$1
if [ $item = '-database' ] then
mapfile -t DATA < $DATA_FILES
fi
save the file, execute chmod u+x and then
./script "-database"
to run it.
That's it.
However, that script will print nothing.
I am trying to play with bash and arrays. But executing a sample script, I got an unexpected syntax error message: example.sh: 3: example.sh: Syntax error: "(" unexpected. And this is the script
#!/bin/bash
array=( one two three )
If I run the script with ./example.sh it works and no errors are displayed. But if I run sh example.sh I get the error message.
I thought that these two commands are the same:
sh example.sh
./example.sh
so ... what is the difference between the two?
When you launch it via ./example.sh then the command specified in the first line of the script is used to interpret the content. So your script executes in a bash, where such syntax is allowed for arrays.
When you launch it via sh example.sh then sh is the command that is used to interpret the content of the file. sh is the original Unix shell (aka Bourne shell) and this shell is a little more rude than bash (Bourne again shell). You don't have such arrays. Note that in sh the first line of your script is just interpreted as a comment.
by using sh example.sh
- you are specifying what shell interpreter to use for that script. Example being "bash example.sh" instead of "sh example.sh" etc etc.
Running scripts this way disregards the "shebang (#!/bin/bash)" that you have specified inside of the script. Since you wrote a bash script but are trying to run it as just "sh", this is why it is failing
by using ./example.sh,
- You are specifying to run the script from your current directory. This will attempt to run the script in whatever shell you are currently in unless a shebang is specified. Since you have a "shebang" specified to run the script in bash... this is why it is working.
array_name=(value1 ... valuen)
This is how to initializes an array in bash only. When you execute ./example.sh, the shebang line #!/bin/bash tells the system to use bash to execute.
However, when you execute sh example.sh, sh is used to execute. In many Unix systems (like Linux), sh is equivalent to bash. It seems sh is a different shell on your system.
I have tried a lot but couldn't get the solution out of it. I have a simple script:
#! /bin/sh
o="12345"
a=o
b=${!a}
echo ${a}
echo ${b}
When executed like
$ . scp.sh
it produces the correct output with no errors, but when executed like:
$ ./scp.sh
it produces
./scp.sh: 4: ./scp.sh: Bad substitution
Any ideas why this is happening.
I was suggested to use bash mode and it works fine. But when I execute this same script through Python (changing the script header to bash), I am getting the same error.
I'm calling it from Python as:
import os
os.system(". ./scp.sh")
Try using:
#!/bin/bash
instead of
#! /bin/sh
The reason for this error is that two different shells are used in these cases.
$ . scp.sh command will use the current shell (bash) to execute the script (without forking a sub shell).
$ ./scp.sh command will use the shell specified in that hashbang line of your script. And in your case, it's either sh or dash.
The easiest way out of it is replacing the first line with #!/bin/bash (or whatever path bash is in).
I am trying to Run Shell script in Cygwin but I am getting Following error msgs:
app.sh: line 215: clear: command not found
[: scripts/Test: binary operator expected.
The folder scripts/Test ID Not found...
Can Any one suggest. What is the problem Do i need to re install Cygwin again.
Because Same Script Running fine in the Linux Envirnment.
Thanks in Advance.....
the script is probably using '#!/bin/sh' but expects the behaviour of /bin/bash. Try executing the script as: /bin/bash shell_script.sh
debugging tools include executing the script with the -x option, i.e. bash -x shell_script.sh. The problem from the outset looks like an unset variable that is being checked using the unprotected form:
if [ $x = ]
the problem is that if $x is unset, then you end up with an empty token, which causes the script to fail.
for the explicit 'clear' command not found, the cygwin implementation of that is to call 'tput clear' if you replace the 'clear' call with 'tput clear' then it should work.