Issue while executing PhantomJS Cron Job - cron

I'm trying to execute a PhantomJS JavaScript file via cron job.
Desired Output:
I just want the file itself to run and execute the javascript code.
Here is what I've tried:
* * * * * http://example.com/file.js
I've also tried:
* * * * * wget http://example.com/file.js
this doesn't seem to be doing anything. Am I missing some action verbs before the url path?

Am I missing some action verbs before the url path?
Of course — you're either trying to run a script file (which is not a program to be run *), or you're trying to download a script, which will do just that, only download the file.
The script doesn't run by itself, it must executed by a program therefore you should first run a program and then give it the path to your script as an argument:
* * * * * /usr/bin/phantomjs /path/to/script.js
________
* However by using interpreter directive you could make a script runnable. Let's assume that phantomjs is located at /usr/bin/phantomjs. Then if at the beginning of the script you add
#!/usr/bin/phantomjs
And then make script executable:
chmod +x /path/to/script.js
Then you could just run the script from commandline (or cron directive) by itself:
/path/to/script.js

Related

Where in the file system does cron launch a command

When cron launches a command under my user ID, where in the file system does it actually launch it?
Let's say I have this python script:
import sys
filepath = sys.argv[1]
try:
fp= open(filepath)
... stuff ...
except:
print ("File not found.")
And I call the script in my crontab:
0 2 * * /home/me/scripts/bla.py filename
The file "filename" lives in /home/me/scripts. This gives me the 'File not found' message. So obviously my script got launched in some other place than /home/me/scripts. But where? I can put absolute paths into the crontab, but that's lots of clutter when multiple arguments are given. What's the best trick?
You don't say what system you're using, but on every system I've ever used cron launches jobs with their current working directory set to the user's home directory. Some systems will document that behaviour in their man pages for cron or crontab, but if they don't (or if you want to be certain) then it's easy to check the situation for your system. Just add this into your crontab:
* * * * * /bin/pwd > $HOME/cron-pwd.txt
and wait for a minute or so for the cron-pwd.txt file to appear in your home directory. And, obviously, remove that line from your crontab after you've read the file.
This means that your crontab command line can use pathnames relative to your home directory:
0 2 * * * scripts/bla.py scripts/filename
or you can build absolute paths by using the $HOME environment variable:
0 2 * * * $HOME/scripts/bla.py $HOME/scripts/filename
Alternatively, if writing out paths repeatedly isn't convenient then you can have your job change its own working directory before it starts running the program that will do the real work:
0 2 * * * cd $HOME/scripts ; ./bla.py filename
Some implementations of cron have enhancements that can affect the initial working directory, such as letting you specify a HOME environment variable that is different from your actual home directory. I don't recommend using that feature to get your job launched in a specific directory unless you're very sure of what you're doing, because setting a non-standard $HOME can have unexpected side effects on commands that get executed as part of the job.
BTW, your question has only 0 2 * * at the start of the crontab line, missing a field. I assume that's just a copy-paste error. Also, it doesn't invoke Python to run the script. I assume that's also either a copy-paste error or your real script has a #! line that invokes your Python interpreter.

Bash script runs manually in terminal but is not executed from crontab

I have a bash script that I want to be executed every 15 minutes, so I added this line to my crontab:
7,22,37,52 * * * * /path/to/my/script.sh
I've checked the directory path to be correct and the script runs correctly if I just run /path/to/my/script.sh manually from any directory. I have this bang line in my script:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
My script also references other scripts in the same directory as it, and I have run chmod +x on all scripts that are needed. I set the MAILTO to my email address and I was getting some Cron Daemon emails when I changed the line in my crontab to:
7,22,37,52 * * * * sh /path/to/my/script.sh
But I never received emails upon using
7,22,37,52 * * * * /path/to/my/script.sh
or
7,22,37,52 * * * * bash /path/to/my/script.sh
I made sure cron is running and I've also tried redirecting the output of my script to a log file, which is also only written in when I include the sh. However, if I run sh /path/to/my/script.sh from the home directory, it does not work. The only ways my script actually runs is if (from any directory) I call /path/to/my/script.sh or bash /path/to/my/script.sh. I'm pretty new to writing bash scripts so any help is very welcome.
#pvas The cron user environment should be treated with extra special care. The assumption that most users have is that they will have access to paths, directories, permissions etc. This is far from the case. Cron runs in a minimal environment and you must set up EVERYTHING - Paths, Permissions and the location where the scripts are running from.
1) I set up the environment myself.
2) I use fully expanded paths in my crontabs.
3) I make sure any directories that need to be read have read permissions.
4) I make sure that my password does not expire because that will block cron when it does.
5) Make sure underlying scripts are explicitly invoked (by Perl, Bash, Python whatever).
6) Pipe the command on the cron line to a LOG file (even better a log file with a TIMESTAMP).
Fix these things and then try again. Cron is particular, you need to set up everything.
For example:
#SETUP ENVIRONMENT
SHELL=/bin/bash
source /home/userfoo/.bash_profile
#RUN THE SCRIPT everyday at 11:50pm (23:50)
50 23 * * * userfoo /home/userfoo/script.sh >> LOGFILE.txt
<<
Crontab entries should have the following format
m h dom mon dow command
which confirms that your entry below
7,22,37,52 * * * * /path/to/my/script.sh
is correct. Having said that, you must close the crontab editor(:wq) for the changes to come to effect.
It is suggested you go through [ this ] cross site post which portrays the possible issues with cron jobs.
More about hashbang [ here ].

cronjob does not execute a script that works fine standalone

I have my php script file in /var/www/html/dbsync/index.php. When cd /var/www/html/dbsync/ and run php index.php it works perfectly.
I want to call PHP file through sh file, the location of SH file is as below
/var/www/html/dbsync/dbsync.sh
This is the content of the dbsync.sh file is:
/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/dbsync/index.php >> /var/www/html/dbsync/myscript.log 2>&1 -q -f
When I cd /var/www/html/dbsync/ and run ./dbsync.sh it works perfectly as well.
Now if I set up crontab as below:
1 * * * * /var/www/html/dbsync/dbsync.sh /var/www/html/dbsync
However, this crontab is not working as expected.
What can be wrong?
As seen in comments, the problem is that you are not defining what program should be used to execute the script. Take into account that a cronjob is executed in a tiny environment; there, not much can be assumed. This is why we define full paths, etc.
So you need to say something like:
1 * * * * /bin/sh /var/www/html/dbsync/dbsync.sh /var/www/html/dbsync
# ^^^^^^^
/bin/sh being the binary you want to use to execute the script.
Otherwise, you can set execution permissions to the script and add a shell-script header telling it what interpreter to use:
#!/bin/sh
If you do this, adding the path of the binary is not necessary.
From Troubleshooting common issues with cron jobs:
Using relative paths. If your cron job is executing a script of some
kind, you must be sure to use only absolute paths inside that script.
For example, if your script is located at /path/to/script.phpand
you're trying to open a file called file.php in the same directory,
you cannot use a relative path such as fopen(file.php). The file must
be called from its absolute path, like this: fopen(/path/to/file.php).
This is because cron jobs do not necessarily run from the directory in
which the script is located, so all paths must be called specifically.
Also, I understand you want to run this every minute. If so, 1 * * * * won't do. Intead, it will run at every 1st minute past every hour. So if you want to run it every minute, say * * * * *.
It is important to understand "login shell" and "interactive shell" what they means.
login shell: is briefly when you sign in with ssh session and get a terminal window where you can enter shell commands. After login the system executes some files(.bashrc) and sets some environment variables such as the PATH variable for you.
interactive shell :After login on a system, you can startup manually shell terminal(s). The system executes some profile file assigned to your account (.bash_profile, .bash_login,.profile). This files also sets some environment variables and initialize PATH variable for your manually opened shell session.
By OS started shell scripts and cron jobs does not fit in above mentioned way for starting a shell. Therefore no any system scripts(.bashrc) or user profiles are executed. This means our PATH variable is not initialized. Shell commands could not found because PATH variable does not point to right places.
This explains why your script runs successfully if you start it manually but fails when you start it via crontab.
Solution-1:
Use absolute path of every shell command instead of only the command name used in your script file(s).
instead of "awk" use "/usr/bin/awk"
instead of "sed" use "/bin/sed"
Solution-2: Initialize environment variables and especially the PATH variable before executing shell scripts!
method 1, add this header in your dbsync.sh:
#!/bin/bash -l
method 2, add bash -l in your cron file:
1 * * * * bash -l /var/www/html/dbsync/dbsync.sh /var/www/html/dbsync

Crontab absolute path not working

I have a script to backup my database at /home/<user>/bin/dbbackup. The script is executable by all users, and owned by me. The files /etc/cron.allow and /etc/cron.deny do not exist.
In my crontab I have the following lines (including a new blank line after the last line of code):
#reboot /home/<user>/.dropbox-dist/dropboxd
30 2 * * * bash /home/<user>/bin/dbbackup
However, cron is not running my dbbackup script. When I run a manual test of the script it works. When I run this test on the command line: * * * * * /bin/echo "cron works" >> ~/file I get the following error:
No command 'dbbackup' found, did you mean:
Command 'dvbackup' from package 'dvbackup' (universe)
Command 'tdbbackup' from package 'tdb-tools' (main)
dbbackup: command not found
My server is running Ubuntu Trusty. Any help please?
As the comments noted, it appears that amiga_os needed remove the reference to bash in the line.
30 2 * * * bash /home/<user>/bin/dbbackup
Should be.
30 2 * * * /home/<user>/bin/dbbackup
I usually just call scripts from their path and use "#!/bin/bash" (or wherever your bash lives) as the first line of the script. It appears the amiga_os had already done this, which is good. I don't like putting sentences into cron because it makes me nervous.
I think it was a path issue as cron executes as the user but does not read the bash profile and therefore does not work exactly like it would under your shell as it might not have access to your $PATH.

Linux system command not working in Perl script via crontab

I have added a script in crontab for every 30 minutes. The line goes as follows:
*/30 * * * * root perl /root/perl.pl
The above script has a execution of system command 'top' and it gets printed in a log file.
If I run it manually it runs fine. But while running it via crontab, it does not show up the desired results. Please can somebody help me with this. Thank you.
The command in the above perl script is:
$top = `sudo top`;
The error I am getting is:
sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo
I changed my command from sudo to visudo. But still the problem remains.
You should use the full path in cron (and use which perl to find the full path):
*/30 * * * * root /usr/bin/perl /root/perl.pl
OR better yet, make the script executable using chmod +x, and add the interpreter to the beginning of the script #!/usr/bin/perl -w and call it directly from cron
*/30 * * * * root /root/perl.pl
Also if there is a problem in the perl script, you could output the result from cron like this
*/30 * * * * root /root/perl.pl > /tmp/myscript.log
You should look into the requiretty setting with regard to visudo. Look for a line that reads Defaults requiretty. You could try commenting it out, but you will be sacrificing some security. See man sudoers.
You could also try running top in batch mode with one iteration:
$top = `sudo top -bn1`;
Batch mode option is for sending output to other programs.

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