I opened up two windows in vim and was trying to switch between windows, but accidentally pressed Ctrl+w+Tab (instead of Ctrl + w + h). If the cursor is currently on #include <boost/multi_array.hpp>, vim would open a new horizontal new window and open the file /usr/include/boost/multi_array/extent_range.hpp, and leave the cursor on the line namespace multi_array{.
If I am in .bashrrc file and do the same thing on a export, it would open another window and open .bashrc again, with the cursor located in the place where export first appears.
I tried to search for what the use is for this shortcut, but cannot find any. I also checked my .vimrc but don't see any key mappings for this.
The thing that you need to know is that in a terminal, Tab and Ctrl+I are indistinguishable (both are ASCII character 9).
So we check the docs (:help CTRL-W) and see
CTRL-W CTRL-I same as "CTRL-W i"
and looking under "CTRL-W i" says:
CTRL-W i split window and jump to declaration of identifier under the cursor.
So there we are — it does a jump to definition (same as :tag or Ctrl+]), only in a split.
Related
please could someone give me a list of some keyboard shortcut editor vim in particular to save and close?
I try ctrl + s orders or ctrl + q or ctrl + x and then ctrl + q but no success until a present
ZZ does save and close
ZQ does close without save
both work in normal mode.
For quiting vim shell,
hit ESC and
then :q for quit without any changes.
Enter
Some commands are here:
:q[uit] Quit Vim. This fails when changes have been made.
:q[uit]! Quit without writing.
:cq[uit] Quit always, without writing.
:wq Write the current file and exit.
:wq! Write the current file and exit always.
:wq {file} Write to {file}. Exit if not editing the last
:wq! {file} Write to {file} and exit always.
:[range]wq[!] [file] Same as above, but only write the lines in [range].
ZZ Write current file, if modified, and exit.
ZQ Quit current file and exit (same as ":q!").
For quick overview : Vim commands
The quick answer is:
Hit ESC
type :wq [name of the file, if it's a new file]
type Enter
The long answer, well, it's really long...
Some commands in this guide start with a colon: pressing it will display the command prompt where the subsequent command is written.
Commands without a colon are more like hotkeys - they can be used in the Vim default mode (which is the mode Vim starts in).
Commands written in CAPITAL LETTERS are specific keys: for example, ESC means the escape key on your keyboard.
All commands in Vim are case-sensitive.
EXITING VIM
To quit, discarding any changes you might have made:
:q!
Memorize: quit dammit!
To quit, saving any changes you've made:
:wq
Memorize: write to disk and quit
NAVIGATING THE EDITOR
To move around the currently open file, use your arrow keys.
To move to line 285:
:285
To search for the word import:
/import
EDITING TEXT
To start inserting text on the current cursor location:
i
Memorize: insert
To start inserting at the end of the current line:
A
Memorize: Append
To exit insert mode, and return to the default mode:
ESC
SELECTING TEXT
To start selecting, enter the visual mode:
v
Memorize: visual
Select text by moving with your arrow keys.
To exit visual mode:
ESC
COPY, CUT, PASTE
To copy the current selection into the buffer (think of it as a clipboard):
y
Memorize: yank
To cut the current selection:
d
Memorize: delete
To copy the current line into the buffer:
yy
Memorize: yank yank
To copy 3 lines including the current line into the buffer:
3yy
To cut the current line and place it into the buffer:
dd
Memorize: delete delete
To cut 5 lines including the current line:
5dd
To paste the buffer before the current line:
P
Note: Uppercase P
To paste the buffer after the current line:
p
UNDO AND REDO
To undo the last change:
u
Memorize: uh-oh :)
To redo the last change you just undid:
CTRL + R
To see the number of changes:
:undolist
To undo the last two changes:
2u
The Vim multi-level undo tree is very powerful. Read more about it here.
OPENING FILES
To open the file index.html instead of the current one:
:edit index.html
SAVING FILES
To save the file you're currently editing:
:w
Memorize: write to disk
To save the file with a different name, here changes.txt (ie. Save As):
:w changes.txt
Searching and Replacing
To search and replace all occurences of a string in the file:
:%s/typo/corrected/g
To search and replace, but prompt before replacing:
:%s/typo/corrected/gc
Memorize: confirm
Syntax highlighting and Indentation
Turn on syntax highlighting:
:syntax on
Enable automatic indentation:
:set autoindent
Increase indentation on multiple lines by selecting them in visual mode, and pressing:
>
Working with multiple files
TABS
To open server.py in a new tab:
:tabe server.py
Memorize: tab edit
To move to the next tab on the right:
:tabn
Memorize: tab next
To move to the previous tab on the left:
:tabp
Memorize: tab previous
To close a tab, move to it and use :q or :wq as you would normally.
SPLIT VIEW
To open templates/base.html in a vertical split screen:
:vs templates/base.html
Memorize: vertical split
To open shared.js in a horizontal split screen:
:sp shared.js
Memorize: the 'default' horizontal split
To move between split screens:
CTRL + W + ARROW KEYS
To close a split screen, move to it and use :q or :wq as you would normally.
More information at here.
Those are very basic questions. It is better for you to start vim in tutorial mode, like this:
$ vimtutor
I have a split window open in GVIM.
On the bottom window I have a text file open.
This text file contains a list of files (with full path).
What I would like is a command so that according to my cursor position on a file name in the bottom window, that file will open on the top window. At the moment, when I press g-f it opens it in the bottom window instead of the file list.
Any ideas?
EDIT: I managed to solve it with a macro (copy line, ctrl-w, up, :e and paste). Any better suggestions are welcome!
You could use a mapping like this one:
nnoremap <F7> :let cf = expand("<cfile>") <bar> wincmd k <bar> execute "e " . cf<CR>
save the filename under the cursor in a variable,
move the cursor to the window above,
edit the file.
But what problem are you trying to solve?
I know I can open the last closed (:q) file in Vim by using :e#. This will open the file in the current tab. How would I perform the same task but open the file in a new Vim tab. Also I am interested in how to open the file in a new split instead of the current tab.
# is simply an Ex special character that will be replaced with the name of the alternate file. Do an :ls, and the alternate file will be marked with a # there also.
# can similarly be used with :tabnew and split. In the examples below I'll use :tabe in place of :tabnew as :tabe is a shorter alias for :tabnew (search for either in the help docs):
To open the alternate file in a new tab: :tabe#
To open the file in a new split: :split#; this can be abbreviated to :sp#, and :vsp# for a vertical split.
Using a buffer number from :ls, e.g. buffer number 5 you can also:
open the buffer in a split with :sp#5; alternately :sb5 if the switchbuf option contains the newtab specifier - see :help switchbuf
open the buffer in a vertical split with :vsp #5 (there is no :vsb)
open the buffer in a new tab with :tabe #5
You don't necessarily have to leave normal mode to open the alternate buffer in a new window:
CTRL-W ^ opens the alternate buffer in a horizontal split.
CTRL-W T opens the current buffer in a new tab (Shift-T, that is).
So, one solution to your title question is the following combo.
CTRL-W ^, CTRL-W T: opens the alternate buffer in a new tab.
Note that for the caret "^" in the first command you don't have to release the Control key and you don't have to press Shift, just hold down CTRL then strike W and 6 (where the caret is located on many English keyboard layouts).
In vim gf opens the file whose name is under the cursor in the current window. <C-W>f does the same but opens it in a new window. However this new window is created with an horizontal split.
How can I do the same and get a vertical split?
I tried various alternatives that did work (like :vsplit +normal\ gf), but have a slight problem: if the file doesn't exist, a new window is created anyways. This does not happen with gf nor <C-W>f. I'd like to have this behaviour as well from the "open file under cursor on a vertical split" command. How can I do that?
Here is possible mapping:
:nnoremap <F8> :vertical wincmd f<CR>
With a file name under cursor, hit F8 and voila.
Here is a solution involving 5 key strokes:
Ctrl-wv
gf
That is Ctrl-wv followed by gf in the normal mode.
Here is an equivalent solution that involves 7 key strokes:
:vs
gf
That is :vs command in command-line mode followed by gf in normal mode. Assuming we are in the normal mode with the cursor on the filename already, the complete sequence of keystrokes are: Shift:vsEntergf.
When we enter Ctrl-wv in normal mode or :vs in the command-line mode, the current window is split into two with the same file in both and the cursor remains in the same position (i.e., on the filename of the file that we want to go to in a new vertical split). So if we press gf now, the current window is now updated with the file we want to go to.
The end result is two vertical split windows: one with the first file and another with the file we wanted to go to.
If we're playing Vim Golf, I think the winning solution is to do:
Ctrl-w then f
to open the relevant file in a horizontal split.
Then change it to a vertical split, send then active window to the left or right side of the screen by doing either
Ctrl-w then L (active window to the left)
or
Ctrl-w then R (active window to the right)
Note that the final keystroke for left / right must be uppercase. The others should be lowercase
I am using vim with NERDTree to develop, but not good at it. I have two questions with NERDTree:
How to move cursor between nav window and edit window without mouse?
How to go to one special file node (named xxx) in nav window directly by keyboard?
The NERDTree plugin creates a Vim buffer, and displays it in a Vim window. So you can use any of your normal Vim commands.
(1) Thus, if your edit window is to the right of the NERDTree window, you would use: ctrl + Wl to go to right window and ctrl + Wh to go to left window. or ctrl + w twice to toggle between the two.
(2) To go to a special file, simply search for it while in the NERDTree window:
/xxx
Hit ENTER to end the search at the line, and then ENTER again to open the file in the previous window and go to it.