keras gridSearchCV on sklearn One hot Encoded Data - scikit-learn

The problem with this code is that I am giving classifier,
One hot encoded data:
Means:
X-train, X-test, y_train, y_test is one hot encoded.
But the classifier is predicting the output:
y_pred_test, y_pred_train in Numerical form
(which I think is incorrect as well). Can anyone help with this?
This is a dummy example so no concern over low accuracy but just to know why it's predicting the output in not One Hot encoded form.
Thanks !
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
x=pd.DataFrame()
x['names']= np.arange(1,10)
x['Age'] = np.arange(1,10)
y=pd.DataFrame()
y['target'] = np.arange(1,10)
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder, Normalizer
ohX= OneHotEncoder()
x_enc = ohX.fit_transform(x).toarray()
ohY = OneHotEncoder()
y_enc = ohY.fit_transform(y).toarray()
print (x_enc)
print("____")
print (y_enc)
import keras
from keras import regularizers
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, Dropout
from keras.models import load_model
from keras.layers.advanced_activations import LeakyReLU
marker="-------"
from keras.wrappers.scikit_learn import KerasClassifier
from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score
from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
def create_model(learn_rate=0.001):
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(units = 15, input_dim =18,kernel_initializer= 'normal', activation="tanh"))
model.add(Dense(units=9, activation = "softmax"))
model.compile(loss="categorical_crossentropy", optimizer="adam", metrics=['accuracy'])
return model
if __name__=="__main__":
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x_enc, y_enc, test_size=0.33, random_state=42)
print ("\n\n",marker*5," Classification\nX_train shape is: ",X_train.shape,"\tX_test shape is:",X_test.shape)
print ("\ny_train shape is: ",y_train.shape,"\t y_test shape is:",y_test.shape,"\n\n")
norm = Normalizer()
#model
X_train = norm.fit_transform(X_train)
X_test = norm.transform(X_test)
earlyStopping=keras.callbacks.EarlyStopping(monitor='val_loss', patience=0, verbose=0, mode='auto')
model = KerasClassifier(build_fn=create_model, verbose=0)
fit_params={'callbacks': [earlyStopping]}
#grid
# batch_size =[50,100,200, 300,400]
epochs = [2,5]
learn_rate=[0.1,0.001]
param_grid = dict( epochs = epochs, learn_rate = learn_rate)
grid = GridSearchCV(estimator = model, param_grid = param_grid, n_jobs=1)
#Predicting
print (np.shape(X_train), np.shape(y_train))
y_train = np.reshape(y_train, (-1,np.shape(y_train)[1]))
print ("y_train shape after reshaping", np.shape(y_train))
grid_result = grid.fit(X_train, y_train, callbacks=[earlyStopping])
print ("grid score using params: ", grid_result.best_score_, " ",grid_result.best_params_)
#scores
print("SCORES")
print (grid_result.score(X_test,y_test))
# summarize results
#print("Best: %f using %s" % (grid_result.best_score_, grid_result.best_params_))
#means = grid_result.cv_results_['mean_test_score']
#stds = grid_result.cv_results_['std_test_score']
#params = grid_result.cv_results_['params']
#for mean, stdev, param in zip(means, stds, params):
# print("%f (%f) with: %r" % (mean, stdev, param))
print("\n\n")
print("y_test is",y_test)
y_hat_test = grid.predict(X_test)
y_hat_train = grid.predict(X_train)
print("y_hat_test is ", y_hat_test)

Related

Add custom objects to a keras model while building it

I would like to use a custom accuracy function. I would prefer to add the custom object to the model when creating it (not saving the model and loading it again to add the object).
I first load the following libraries:
import pickle
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from keras.layers import Dense
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.optimizers import gradient_descent_v2
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from tensorflow import keras
import keras.backend as K
from keras.models import load_model
Then, I define my custom function as below:
def cust_acc(y_true, y_pred):
acc = ((y_true == y_pred) & (y_true == 0)) | \
(y_true * y_pred > 0) | \
((y_true == 0) & (y_pred < 0)) | \
((y_true < 0) & (y_pred == 0))
return K.sum(acc) / K.size(acc)
Here, I read the input values and define the structure of the NN model:
InstNum = 'Base' # Instance number
file = open('Overtime_Prediction_Inst' + str(InstNum) + '.pkl', 'rb')
X, y, inp, b1, b2 = pickle.load(file)
file.close
nL = 3
alpha = 0.01
act = [' ',
'relu',
'linear']
nN = [0, 10, 1]
And here is where I normalize the data points and build the model:
scaler = MinMaxScaler()
scaler.fit(X)
nX = scaler.transform(X)
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.20)
# define model
term = keras.callbacks.TerminateOnNaN()
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(nN[1], input_dim=nN[0], activation=act[1]))
for i in range(2, nL):
model.add(Dense(nN[i], activation=act[i]))
# compile model
model = load_model(model, custom_objects={'cust_acc': cust_acc})
model.compile(loss='MeanAbsoluteError',
optimizer=gradient_descent_v2.SGD(learning_rate=0.01, momentum=0.9),
accuracy=['cust_acc'])
# fit model
history = model.fit(X_train, y_train, validation_data=(X_test, y_test), epochs=30, callbacks=[term])
# evaluate the model
train_mse = model.evaluate(X_train, y_train)
test_mse = model.evaluate(X_test, y_test)
But I get an error in line model = load_model(model, custom_objects={'amir_acc': amir_acc}) as follows:
'Unable to load model. Filepath is not an hdf5 file (or h5py is not '
OSError: Unable to load model. Filepath is not an hdf5 file (or h5py is not available) or SavedModel. Received: filepath=<keras.engine.sequential.Sequential object at 0x000001FE209BAD08>
Let me know if you want actual data to be able to reproduce the results. Thanks for the help.

How can I get the history of the KerasRegressor?

I want to get KerasRegressor history but all the time I get (...) object has no attribute 'History'
'''
# Regression Example With Boston Dataset: Standardized and Wider
import numpy as np
from pandas import read_csv
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense
#from keras.wrappers.scikit_learn import KerasRegressor
from scikeras.wrappers import KerasRegressor
from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score
from sklearn.model_selection import KFold
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline
import keras.backend as K
# load dataset
dataframe = read_csv("Data 1398-2.csv")
dataset = dataframe.values
# split into input (X) and output (Y) variables
X = dataset[:,0:10]
Y = dataset[:,10]
############
from sklearn import preprocessing
from sklearn.metrics import r2_score
min_max_scaler = preprocessing.MinMaxScaler()
X_scale = min_max_scaler.fit_transform(X)
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
X_train, X_val_and_test, Y_train, Y_val_and_test = train_test_split(X_scale, Y, test_size=0.25)
X_val, X_test, Y_val, Y_test = train_test_split(X_val_and_test, Y_val_and_test, test_size=0.55)
##################
# define wider model
def wider_model():
# create model
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(40, input_dim=10, kernel_initializer='normal', activation='relu'))
model.add(Dense(20, kernel_initializer='normal', activation='relu'))
model.add(Dense(1, kernel_initializer='normal'))
# Compile model
model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error',metrics=['mae'], optimizer='adam')
#history = model.fit(X, Y, epochs=10, batch_size=len(X), verbose=1)
return model
# evaluate model with standardized dataset
from keras.callbacks import History
estimators = []
estimators.append(('standardize', StandardScaler()))
estimators.append(('mlp',KerasRegressor(model=wider_model, epochs=100, batch_size=2, verbose=0) ))
pipeline = Pipeline(estimators)
kfold = KFold(n_splits=5)
results = cross_val_score(pipeline, X_train, Y_train, cv=kfold)
print("Wider: %.2f (%.2f) MSE" % (results.mean(), results.std()))
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#plt.plot(history.history['loss'])
#plt.plot(history.history['val_loss'])
#plt.title('Model loss')
#plt.ylabel('Loss')
#plt.xlabel('Epoch')
#plt.legend(['Train', 'Val'], loc='upper right')
#plt.show()
'''
Model is at index 1 in your case, but you can also find it. Now to get history object:
pipeline.steps[1][1].model.history.history
If you are sure that Keras Model is always the last estimator, you can also use:
pipeline._final_estimator.model.history.history

Error when checking input: expected lstm_132_input to have 3 dimensions, but got array with shape (23, 1, 3, 1)

I have a data set include with temperature, humidity and wind. Here I want to predict future temperature value in next hour.
I used LSTM to predict future temperature value.
But when I run the model it showed up this error Error when checking input: expected lstm_132_input to have 3 dimensions, but got array with shape (23, 1, 3, 1)
Can anyone help me to solve this problem?
Here is my code:
import datetime
import time
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from sklearn import preprocessing
from keras.layers.core import Dense, Dropout, Activation
from keras.activations import linear
from keras.layers.recurrent import LSTM
from keras.models import Sequential
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
data = pd.read_csv('data6.csv' , sep=',')
data['date'] = pd.to_datetime(data['date'] + " " + data['time'], format='%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S')
data.set_index('time', inplace=True)
data = data.values
data = data.astype('float32')
# normalize the dataset
def create_data(train,X,n_out=1):
#data = np.reshape(train, (train.shape[0], train_shape[1], train_shape[2]))
x,y=list(),list()
start =0
for _ in range(len(data)):
in_end = start+X
out_end= in_end + n_out
if out_end < len(data):
x_input = data[start:in_end]
x.append(x_input)
y.append(data[in_end:out_end,0])
start +=1
return np.array(x),np.array(y)
scaler = MinMaxScaler()
data = scaler.fit_transform(data)
# split into train and test sets
train = int(len(data) * 0.6)
test = len(data) - train
train, test = data[0:train,:], data[train:len(data),:]
X=1
x_train, y_train = create_data(train,X)
x_test, y_test = create_data(test,X)
x_train=x_train.reshape(x_train.shape +(1,))
x_test=x_test.reshape(x_test.shape + (1,))
n_timesteps, n_features, n_outputs = x_train.shape[1], x_train.shape[2], x_train.shape[1]
model = Sequential()
model.add(LSTM(8, activation='relu', input_shape=(n_timesteps, n_features)))
model.add(Dense(8,activation='relu'))
model.add(Dense(n_outputs))
model.compile(loss='mse', optimizer='adam')
# fit network
model.fit(x_train,y_train, epochs=10,batch_size=1, verbose=0)
My csv file:
My csv file.
My error:
model summary :
you need to add activation to your last layer
model = Sequential()
model.add(LSTM(8, activation='relu', input_shape=(n_timesteps, n_features)))
model.add(Dense(8,activation='relu'))
# here
model.add(Dense(n_outputs,activation='relu'))
model.compile(loss='mse', optimizer='adam')
# fit network
model.fit(x_train,y_train, epochs=10,batch_size=1, verbose=0)

Making predictions using Keras. I keep getting error message

Sorry if the query is primitive.
I have some code trying to classify integers if they are prime numbers or not. I have trained model using Keras. I am trying make predictions using:
predict( x, batch_size=None, verbose=0, steps=None)
I keep getting the following error message:
----> predict(x=5000003, batch_size=None, verbose=0, steps=None)
NameError: name 'predict' is not defined
When I used the the following command :"model.predict(x=5000003, batch_size=None, verbose=0, steps=None)" I got this error message "AttributeError: 'KerasClassifier' object has no attribute 'model'"
Code:
import numpy
from numpy import array
import pandas
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense
from keras.wrappers.scikit_learn import KerasClassifier
from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder
from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedKFold
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV
seed = 7
numpy.random.seed(seed)
def isPrime(number):
if number == 1:
return 0
elif number == 2:
return 1
elif number % 2 == 0:
return 0
for d in range(3, int(number**(0.5)+1), 2):
if number % d == 0:
return 0
else:
return 1
p=[]
N=[]
for i in range (1,10000):
p=[i,isPrime(i)]
N=N+[p]
a=array (N)
X=a[:10000,0]
Y=a[:10000,1]
def create_model(optimizer='rmsprop', init='glorot_uniform'):
# create model
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(2, input_dim=1, kernel_initializer=init, activation='selu'))
model.add(Dense(1, kernel_initializer=init, activation='sigmoid'))
# Compile model
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy', optimizer=optimizer, metrics=['accuracy'])
return model
# create model
model = KerasClassifier(build_fn=create_model, epochs=1000, batch_size=100, init='glorot_uniform', verbose=0)
kfold = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=5, shuffle=True, random_state=seed)
results = cross_val_score(model, X, Y, cv=kfold)
print(results.mean())
predict(x=5000003, batch_size=None, verbose=0, steps=None)
predict is a function of the model object, so you would use it as:
model = KerasClassifier(build_fn=create_model, epochs=1000, batch_size=100, init='glorot_uniform', verbose=0)
kfold = StratifiedKFold(n_splits=5, shuffle=True, random_state=seed)
results = cross_val_score(model, X, Y, cv=kfold)
print(results.mean())
# Call on model
model.predict(x=5000003, batch_size=None, verbose=0, steps=None)
Here is the source code to investigate what it does behind the scenes.

Keras Conv1D for Time Series

I am just a novice in area of deep learning.
I made my first basic attempt with Keras Conv1D. Not sure what I did and whether I did it right. My input data is simply total sales by every week (total of 313 weeks), for stores across US and with a time step of 1.
Here is my code:
from pandas import read_csv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy
from keras.datasets import imdb
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense
from keras.layers import Flatten
from keras.layers.convolutional import Conv1D
from keras.layers.convolutional import MaxPooling1D
from keras.layers.embeddings import Embedding
from keras.preprocessing import sequence
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
def create_dataset(dataset, look_back=1):
    dataX, dataY = [], []
    for i in range(len(dataset)-look_back):
        a = dataset[i:(i+look_back), 0]
        dataX.append(a)
        dataY.append(dataset[i + look_back, 0])
    return numpy.array(dataX), numpy.array(dataY)
seed = 7
numpy.random.seed(seed)
dataframe = read_csv('D:/MIS793/Dataset/Academic Dataset External 2/Python scripts/totalsale _byweek.csv', usecols=[1], engine='python')
plt.plot(dataframe)
plt.show()
dataset = dataframe.values
dataset = dataset.astype('float32')
# normalize the dataset
scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1))
dataset = scaler.fit_transform(dataset)
train_size = int(len(dataset) * 0.67)
test_size = len(dataset) - train_size
train, test = dataset[0:train_size,:], dataset[train_size:len(dataset),:]
# reshape into X=t and Y=t+1
look_back = 1
trainX, trainY = create_dataset(train, look_back)
testX, testY = create_dataset(test, look_back)
trainX = trainX.reshape(trainX.shape[0], trainX.shape[1], 1).astype('float32')
testX = testX.reshape(testX.shape[0], testX.shape[1], 1).astype('float32')
model = Sequential()
model.add(Conv1D(filters=10, kernel_size=1, padding='same', strides=1, activation='relu',input_shape=(1,1)))
model.add(MaxPooling1D(pool_size=1))
model.add(Flatten())
model.add(Dense(250, activation='relu'))
model.add(Dense(1, activation='linear'))
model.compile(loss='mse', optimizer='adam', metrics=['mae'])
print(model.summary())
model.fit(trainX, trainY, validation_data=(testX, testY), epochs=10, batch_size=100)
scores = model.evaluate(testX, testY, verbose=0)
print("Accuracy: %.2f%%" % (scores[1]*100))
Not sure about few things here:
Reshaping of trainX and testX.
Value of kernel_size and input_shape
My idea here is it's just one vector of sales value. 10 filters, each of size 1 move from one value to another. Input shape is of the format time step, dimensions.
I only got accuracy of 10.91%! So my first question is whether I am feeding in the right parameters.
Thanks
ASC
With model.metrics_names you can get the labels of your scores variable.
In your case it will be ['loss', 'mean_absolute_error'].
So what you are printing is not the accuracy, but the mae, multiplied by 100.
I tried using accuracy instead of mae. However I got accuracy as 0%. Just wondering as this was about predicting numerical values, should I really use accuracy? Here is my latest code.
from pandas import read_csv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy
from keras.datasets import imdb
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense
from keras.layers import Flatten
from keras.layers import Dropout
from keras.layers.convolutional import Conv1D
from keras.layers.convolutional import MaxPooling1D
from keras.layers.embeddings import Embedding
from keras.preprocessing import sequence
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
def create_dataset(dataset, look_back=1):
dataX, dataY = [], []
for i in range(len(dataset)-look_back):
a = dataset[i:(i+look_back), 0]
dataX.append(a)
dataY.append(dataset[i + look_back, 0])
return numpy.array(dataX), numpy.array(dataY)
# fix random seed for reproducibility
seed = 7
numpy.random.seed(seed)
dataframe = read_csv('D:/MIS793/Dataset/Academic Dataset External 2/Python scripts/totalsale _byweek.csv', usecols=[1], engine='python')
plt.plot(dataframe)
plt.show()
dataset = dataframe.values
dataset = dataset.astype('float32')
# normalize the dataset
scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1))
dataset = scaler.fit_transform(dataset)
train_size = int(len(dataset) * 0.67)
test_size = len(dataset) - train_size
train, test = dataset[0:train_size,:], dataset[train_size:len(dataset),:]
# reshape into X=t and Y=t+1
look_back = 1
trainX, trainY = create_dataset(train, look_back)
testX, testY = create_dataset(test, look_back)
trainX = trainX.reshape(trainX.shape[0], trainX.shape[1],1).astype('float32')
testX = testX.reshape(testX.shape[0], testX.shape[1],1).astype('float32')
model = Sequential()
model.add(Conv1D(filters=20, kernel_size=1, padding='same', strides=1, activation='relu',input_shape=(1,1)))
model.add(MaxPooling1D(pool_size=1))
model.add(Conv1D(filters=10, kernel_size=1, padding='same', strides=1, activation='relu'))
model.add(MaxPooling1D(pool_size=1))
model.add(Flatten())
model.add(Dense(4, activation='relu'))
model.add(Dense(1, activation='linear'))
model.compile(loss='mse', optimizer='adam', metrics=['accuracy'])
print(model.summary())
model.fit(trainX, trainY, validation_data=(testX, testY), epochs=10, batch_size=100)
scores = model.evaluate(testX, testY, verbose=0)
print("Accuracy: %.2f%%" % (scores[1]*100))
OR should I go with MAE?
If I go with MAE, my scores will look like below:
[0.12740663779013364, 0.31208728355111426]
First one is loss and second one is MAE. Isn't that a better metrics in this case?
The final line will be like this:
print("MAE: %.2f%%" % (scores[1]))
Thanks
Anindya

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