I generate a bash script named "script1" and place it in the directory /home/Me/bin. I want to execute it (just by calling it's name ./script1) without the complete path from any directory. How can I do it? Is there any specific command?
The directory the script is in needs to be included in your PATH environment variable. $HOME/bin usually is included already. Otherwise, you can add it in your ~/.bashrc:
PATH=$PATH:/home/Me/bin
Add "/home/Me/bin" to your PATH.
Then, you can just call "script1".
Related
I need to make a script that needs be able to be called no matters where it is. It is for locate itself in the disk and export a variable to another script.
I already have the code fragment for locate itself but the problem is that normally the shell files (.sh) are launched specifying the path to it.
Any help or idea is greatly appreciated.
I see 2 options here:
1)You can add the path of the script to the system path or to the path of the user that will run the script. To do this you can:
-Edit /etc/profile script and change the PATH variables so they also contain the path where the script resides. This would add the your script directory to the system path.
-Edit /home/user/.bashrc and ad the following line:
export PATH="/yourpath:$PATH"
where /yourpath is the path where your script resides, and user is the user that will run the script. This would add the script path to the PATH of the user that will run the script.
For the second option, you can copy the script to a directory that is already on the system path.
you can check what is on the system path by looking at how PATH is defined in /etc/profile
Whichever option you user, remember also to configure the script permissions so the users that need to, can execute it.
When ever I log into Linux I usually go straight to the same folder i was wondering if in stead of typing in:
$cd Document/..../..../..../..../....
I could create an executable so I could just type ./csFolder and it would go straight there.
You can add a shell function in your .bashrc and restart your terminal:
csf() {
cd Document/..../..../..../..../....
}
Whenever you want to go to that directory, you just run csf.
Yo can do a symlink
ln -s /path/to/file /path/to/symlink
In addition to the other options (though if you use the function/alias option you want to use an absolute path to the target directory so it works from wherever you happen to be) you can use the environment variable CDPATH to help with this if you have a location you often go to from various other locations.
From the POSIX specification:
CDPATH
A -separated list of pathnames that refer to directories. The cd utility shall use this list in its attempt to change the directory, as described in the DESCRIPTION. An empty string in place of a directory pathname represents the current directory. If CDPATH is not set, it shall be treated as if it were an empty string.
Which means that if you set CDPATH to the parent of your target directory you can just use cd dirname from anywhere and go directly to the directory you wanted to be in.
I want to add a small script to the linux PATH so I don't have to actually run it where it's physically placed on disk.
The script is quite simple is about giving apt-get access through a proxy I made it like this:
#!/bin/bash
array=( $# )
len=${#array[#]}
_args=${array[#]:1:$len}
sudo http_proxy="http://user:password#server:port" apt-get $_args
Then I saved this as apt-proxy.sh, set it to +x (chmod) and everything is working fine when I am in the directory where this file is placed.
My question is : how to add this apt-proxy to PATH so I can actually call it as if it where the real apt-get ? [from anywhere]
Looking for command line only solutions, if you know how to do by GUI its nice, but not what I am looking for.
Try this:
Save the script as apt-proxy (without the .sh extension) in some directory, like ~/bin.
Add ~/bin to your PATH, typing export PATH=$PATH:~/bin
If you need it permanently, add that last line in your ~/.bashrc. If you're using zsh, then add it to ~/.zshrc instead.
Then you can just run apt-proxy with your arguments and it will run anywhere.
Note that if you export the PATH variable in a specific window it won't update in other bash instances.
You want to define that directory to the path variable, not the actual binary e.g.
PATH=$MYDIR:$PATH
where MYDIR is defined as the directory containing your binary e.g.
PATH=/Users/username/bin:$PATH
You should put this in your startup script e.g. .bashrc such that it runs each time a shell process is invoked.
Note that order is important, and the PATH is evaluated such that if a script matching your name is found in an earlier entry in the path variable, then that's the one you'll execute. So you could name your script as apt-get and put it earlier in the path. I wouldn't do that since it's confusing. You may want to investigate shell aliases instead.
I note also that you say it works fine from your current directory. If by that you mean you have the current directory in your path (.) then that's a potential security risk. Someone could put some trojan variant of a common utility (e.g. ls) in a directory, then get you to cd to that directory and run it inadvertently.
As a final step, after following the solution form proposed by #jlhonora (https://stackoverflow.com/a/20054809/6311511), change the permissions of the files in the folder "~/bin". You can use this:
chmod -R 755 ~/bin
make an alias to the executable into the ~/.bash_profile file and then use it from anywhere or you can source the directory containing the executables you need run from anywhere and that will do the trick for you.
adding to #jlhonora
your changes in ~./bashrc or ~./zshrc won't reflect until you do
source ~./zshrc or source ./bashrc , or restart your pc
In linux, for a command that I have to run like ./command ; how do I set a .bashrc environment variable to run the command from any directory without having to put the full path for the command.
Thanks
Just add the directory to the path.
Tutorial: Adding a Directory to the Path
You modify the PATH environmental variable like so
PATH=${PATH}:/the/directory/to/the/executable
export PATH
Note that you cannot actually include the executable, which means it's full path would look like
/the/directory/to/the/executable/command
For executables that override common utilities, to make the executable be found first, you need to reverse the order, like so
PATH=/the/directory/to/the/executable:${PATH}
export PATH
I want to make the following kind of reference:
"ls" command, for example, is universally available in most *nix environments. User can type in from anywhere to execute the scripts.
So, I write script "x". I want to make sure that from wherever the user type in x, the actual script "x" is referenced.
Thus, if I have script "x" stored in home/user/Desktop directory, I should not have to reference the script as follow:
home/user/Desktop/x
I should be able to do:
x
Thanks!
You want to add the directory to your PATH. E.g.
PATH="$PATH:/home/user/someDirectory"
You can add this line to .bash_profile to do it on startup. However, you probably shouldn't add Desktop to the path because some browsers download to there by default (though it shouldn't be executable by default).
You can also put your script in an existing directory that's already in your path such as /usr/local/bin or create a symlink there to your script's location.
cp /home/user/Desktop/x /usr/local/bin
or
mv /home/user/Desktop/x /usr/local/bin
or
ln -s /home/user/Desktop/x /usr/local/bin
Don't mean to be obnoxiously repetitive, but this is my first time answering a question, I can't reply to someone's already-good answer, and I think they are missing some important bits.
First, if you want to make sure everyone can access the script, you'll need to be sure everyone has execute permissions:
chmod a+x /path/to/script.sh
You'll also want to make sure it's in somewhere $PATH references (as the other answers mentioned):
echo $PATH # place the script in one of these directories
I would personally prefer /usr/local/bin, since that's considered the place for custom global scripts. Something the other answers didn't mention is that, if you do want to use a directory besides one in $PATH (say, /opt/myscriptfolder/) you'll want to add another PATH entry at the end of /etc/profile:
PATH="$PATH:/opt/myscriptfolder/"
By putting this in the end of /etc/profile, all users will receive this modified PATH variable on their next login.