I want to use linux to rename 10 files.
now.jpg to spy_.html
And the other 9 should be
now.jpg.1 to spy_html.1
now.jpg.2 to spy_html.2
And so forth.
So far I have come up with this:
for f in *.jpg
do
mv “$f” “(“%s”%p”%i”%o”%n”%_).html”
done
But it doesn't work. Any tips appreciated.
You could use regular expression to capture the optional numeric extension and add it to the target file name. This should work with bash:
for f in *.jpg*
do
if [[ $f =~ now\.jpg(\.[0-9])? ]]; then
mv "$f" "spy.html${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
fi
done
assuming you want spy.html[.#]. If you want an underscore for the files with the numerical extension, i.e. spy_html.1, it would be easier to issue two commands, one for now.jpg and one loop for the now.jpg.*.
Related
If any of this isn't particularly clear, please let me know and I'll do my best to clarify.
I basically need to sort a set of files with various extensions and similar patterns to the filename, into directories and subdirectories that match the pattern and type of extension.
To elaborate a bit:
All files, regardless of extension, begin with the pattern "zz####" where #### is a number from 1 to 900; "zz1.zip through zz950.zip, zz1.mov through zz950.mov, zz1.mp4 through zz950.mp4"
Some files contain additional characters; "zz360_hello_world.zip"
Some files contain spaces; "zz370_hello world.zip"
I need these files to be sorted and moved into directories and subdirectories following a particular format: "/home/hello/zz1/zip, /home/hello/zz1/vid"
If the directories and/or subdirectories don't exist, I need them created.
Example:
zz400_testing.zip ----> /home/hello/zz400/zip
zz400 testing video.mov ----> /home/hello/zz400/vid
zz500.zip ----> /home/hello/zz500/zip
zz500_testing another video.mp4 ----> /home/hello/zz500/vid
I found a few answers around here for simpler use-cases, but wasn't able to get anything working for my particular needs.
Any help at all would be much appreciated.
Thank you!
EDIT: Adding the code I've been messing with
for f in *.zip; do
set=`echo "$f"|sed 's/[0-9].*//'`
dir="/home/demo/$set/photos"
mkdir -p "$dir"
mv "$f" "$dir"
done
I think I'm just having trouble wrapping my head around how to match with regex. I've got this far with it:
[demo#alpha grep]$ echo zz433.zip|sed 's/[0-9].*//'
zz
The script will run the mkdir, and even move the zip files into their proper place. I just can't get it to create the proper top-level directory (zz433).
The sed command here doesn't do what you're trying to achieve:
set=`echo "$f"|sed 's/[0-9].*//'`
The meaning of the regular expression [0-9].* is "a digit followed by anything".
The s/// command of sed performs a replacement.
The result is effectively removing everything from the input starting from the first digit.
So for "zz360_hello_world.zip" it removes everything starting from "3",
leaving only "zz".
Note also that to match the files, the pattern *.zip doesn't match your description. You're looking for files starting with "zz" and a number from 1 up to 900. If you don't mind including numbers > 900 then you can write the loop expression like this:
for f in zz[0-9][^0-9]* zz[0-9][0-9][^0-9]* zz[0-9][0-9][0-9][^0-9]*; do
Or the same thing more compactly:
for f in zz{[0-9],[0-9][0-9],[0-9][0-9][0-9]}[^0-9]*; do
These are glob patterns.
zz[0-9][^0-9]* means "start with 'zz', followed by a digit, followed by a non-digit, followed by anything".
In the above example I use three patterns to cover the cases of "zz" followed by 1, 2 or 3 digits, followed by a non-digit.
The second example is a more compact form of the first,
the idea is that a{b,c}d expands to abd and acd.
Next, to get the appropriate prefix, you could use pattern matching with a case statement and extract substrings.
The syntax of these patterns is the same glob syntax as in the previous example in the for statement.
case "$f" in
zz[0-9][0-9][0-9]*) prefix=${f:0:5} ;;
zz[0-9][0-9]*) prefix=${f:0:4} ;;
zz[0-9]*) prefix=${f:0:3} ;;
esac
It seems you also want to create grouping by file type. You could get the file extension by chopping off the beginning of the name until the dot with ext=${f##*.}, and then use a case statement as in the earlier example to map extensions to the desired directory names.
Putting the above together:
for f in zz{[0-9],[0-9][0-9],[0-9][0-9][0-9]}[^0-9]*; do
case "$f" in
zz[0-9][0-9][0-9]*) prefix=${f:0:5} ;;
zz[0-9][0-9]*) prefix=${f:0:4} ;;
zz[0-9]*) prefix=${f:0:3} ;;
esac
ext=${f##*.}
case "$ext" in
mov|mp4) group=vid ;;
*) group=$ext ;;
esac
dir="/home/demo/$prefix/$group"
mkdir -p "$dir"
mv "$f" "$dir"
done
I've answered part of my own question!
for f in *.zip; do
set=`echo "$f"|grep -o -P 'zz[0-9]+.{0,0}'`
dir="/home/demo/$set/photos"
mkdir -p "$dir"
mv "$f" "$dir"
done
Basically, the following script will grab files like:
zz232.zip
zz233test.zip
zz234 test.zip
Then it will create the top-level directory (zz####), the photos sub-directory, and move the file into place:
/home/demo/zz232/photos/zz232.zip
/home/demo/zz233/photos/zz233test.zip
/home/demo/zz234/photos/zz234 test.zip
Moving on to expanding the script for additional functionality.
Thanks all!
How about:
#!/bin/bash
IFS=$'\n'
for file in *; do
if [[ $file =~ ^(zz[0-9]+).*\.(zip|mov|mp4)$ ]]; then
ext=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}
if [ $ext = "mov" -o $ext = "mp4" ]; then
ext="vid"
fi
dir="/home/hello/${BASH_REMATCH[1]}/$ext"
mkdir -p $dir
mv "$file" $dir
fi
done
Hope this helps.
I have files
263_V01_C07_R000_THx_BH_4096H.dat,263_V01_C07_R000_THY_BH_4096H.dat
and so on
I would like to change all R000 into R011.I have tried like this:
#!/bin/bash
for file in *.dat; do
if [[ "$file" =~ _THx_ ]]; then
mv $file $file2
fi
done
But how to define file2?
You can substitute characters in a variable like this
file2=${file/R000/R011}
You can use rename
rename 's/R000/R011/' *.dat
You can use rename:
rename R000 R011 *
It looks like there are different versions floating around; an older, which is part of the util-linux project using the syntax above, and a newer by Larry Wall, using a Perl expression for the renaming:
rename 's/R000/R011/' *
Check the man page of your rename to see which one you have.
Sorry if this is very simple compared to usual questions but I am just starting out. I have some files all with the same start name but of different file types, e.g:
1234.x
1234.y
1234.z
1234_V2.x
1234_V2.y
1234_V2.z
I want to rename the first part of these whilst keeping any ending and file type, e.g:
4321.x
4321.y
4321.z
4321_V2.x etc
I have tried using
mv 1234* 4321*
and
rename 1234* 4321*
But no luck! I have also been through all the other SO articles and although I could use a loop, most depend on the file type being the same.
Thanks in advance
You can use bash substitution:
for file in 1234*
do mv "$file" "4321${file#1234}"
done
OR, replace the do mv with the following
do mv "$file" "${file/1234/4321}"
See more in man bash under EXPANSION section, sub-section Parameter Expansion
Assuming your filenames for 1234 and 4321 i.e constant for all files, you can try this
for fn in `find . -name 1234*`
do
newf=`echo $fn | sed s/1234/4321/`
mv $fn $newfn
done
You can use a shell script, but it's kind of ugly because it will fork a lot, and thus, if you have a lot of files to rename, it will take time.
for f in 1234*; do echo mv $f $(echo $f | sed -e 's/1234/4321/'); done
Otherwize, rename is a good way to do it:
rename 's/1234/4321/' 1234*
Rename expects a regular expression as first parameter, see online documentation
See if it works:
rename "s/1234/4321/" 1234*
command means substitute(because of s) occurances of "1234" with "4321" in files that has name of pattern 1234*
You can also look at here. It is slightly more complicated than your case.
Let's say I have the following files in my current directory:
1.jpg
1original.jpg
2.jpg
2original.jpg
3.jpg
4.jpg
Is there a terminal/bash/linux command that can do something like
if the file [an integer]original.jpg exists,
then move [an integer].jpg and [an integer]original.jpg to another directory.
Executing such a command will cause 1.jpg, 1original.jpg, 2.jpg and 2original.jpg to be in their own directory.
NOTE
This doesn't have to be one command. I can be a combination of simple commands. Maybe something like copy original files to a new directory. Then do some regular expression filter on files in the newdir to get a list of file names from old directory that still need to be copied over etc..
Turning on extended glob support will allow you to write a regular-expression-like pattern. This can handle files with multi-digit integers, such as '87.jpg' and '87original.jpg'. Bash parameter expansion can then be used to strip "original" from the name of a found file to allow you to move the two related files together.
shopt -s extglob
for f in +([[:digit:]])original.jpg; do
mv $f ${f/original/} otherDirectory
done
In an extended pattern, +( x ) matches one or more of the things inside the parentheses, analogous to the regular expression x+. Here, x is any digit. Therefore, we match all files in the current directory whose name consists of 1 or more digits followed by "original.jpg".
${f/original/} is an example of bash's pattern substitution. It removes the first occurrence of the string "original" from the value of f. So if f is the string "1original.jpg", then ${f/original/} is the string "1.jpg".
well, not directly, but it's an oneliner (edit: not anymore):
for i in [0-9].jpg; do
orig=${i%.*}original.jpg
[ -f $orig ] && mv $i $orig another_dir/
done
edit: probably I should point out my solution:
for i in [0-9].jpg: execute the loop body for each jpg file with one number as filename. store whole filename in $i
orig={i%.*}original.jpg: save in $orig the possible filename for the "original file"
[ -f $orig ]: check via test(1) (the [ ... ] stuff) if the original file for $i exists. if yes, move both files to another_dir. this is done via &&: the part after it will be only executed if the test was successful.
This should work for any strictly numeric prefix, i.e. 234.jpg
for f in *original.jpg; do
pre=${f%original.jpg}
if [[ -e "$pre.jpg" && "$pre" -eq "$pre" ]] 2>/dev/null; then
mv "$f" "$pre.jpg" targetDir
fi
done
"$pre" -eq "$pre" gives an error if not integer
EDIT:
this fails if there exist original.jpg and .jpg both.
$pre is then nullstring and "$pre" -eq "$pre" is true.
The following would work and is easy to understand (replace out with the output directory, and {1..9} with the actual range of your numbers.
for x in {1..9}
do
if [ -e ${x}original.jpg ]
then
mv $x.jpg out
mv ${x}original.jpg out
fi
done
You can obviously also enter it as a single line.
You can use Regex statements to find "matches" in the files names that you are looking through. Then perform your actions on the "matches" you find.
integer=0; while [ $integer -le 9 ] ; do if [ -e ${integer}original.jpg ] ; then mv -vi ${integer}.jpg ${integer}original.jpg lol/ ; fi ; integer=$[ $integer + 1 ] ; done
Note that here, "lol" is the destination directory. You can change it to anything you like. Also, you can change the 9 in while [ $integer -le 9 ] to check integers larger than 9. Right now it starts at 0* and stops after checking 9*.
Edit: If you want to, you can replace the semicolons in my code with carriage returns and it may be easier to read. Also, you can paste the whole block into the terminal this way, even if that might not immediately be obvious.
mv command doesnt accept pattern matching like grep !
Whats the good way to handle this and similar kind of operations ?
There's the rename tool, but if that's not what you want, you can do:
for file in *; do
new_file="${file##[0-9]}" # Strip all leading numbers
mv "$file" "$newfile"
done