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I need to print out “Your birthday is 31 March 2001 (a years, b days, c hours, d minutes and e seconds ago).”
I create input
birth_day = int(input("your birth day?"))
birth_month = int(input("your birth month?"))
birth_year = int(input("your birth year?"))
and I understand
print("your birthday is"+(birth_day)+(birth_month)+(birth_year)) to print out first sentence. but I faced problem with second one which is this part (a years, b days, c hours, d minutes and e seconds ago)
I guess I have to use “the epoch”
and use some of various just like below
year_sec=365*60*60*24
day_sec=60*60*24
hour_sec=60*60
min_sec=60
calculate how many seconds of the date since 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC:
import datetime, time
t = datetime.datetime(2001, 3, 31, 0, 0)
time.mktime(t.timetuple())
985960800.0
can anyone, could you solve my problem please?
Thank a lot
EDIT: See this answer in the thread kaya3 mentioned above for a more consistently reliable way of doing the same thing. I'm leaving my original answer below since it's useful to understand how to think about the problem, but just be aware that my answer below might mess up in tricky situations due to the quirks of the Gregorian calendar, in particular:
Every year that is exactly divisible by four is a leap year, except for years that are exactly divisible by 100, but these centurial years are leap years if they are exactly divisible by 400. For example, the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 are not leap years, but the years 1600 and 2000 are.
ORIGINAL ANSWER:
You can try using the time module:
import time
import datetime
def main(ask_for_hour_and_minute, convert_to_integers):
year, month, day, hour, minute = ask_for_birthday_info(ask_for_hour_and_minute)
calculate_time_since_birth(year, month, day, hour, minute, convert_to_integers)
def ask_for_birthday_info(ask_for_hour_and_minute):
birthday_year = int(input('What year were you born in?\n'))
birthday_month = int(input('What month were you born in?\n'))
birthday_day = int(input('What day were you born on?\n'))
if ask_for_hour_and_minute is True:
birthday_hour = int(input('What hour were you born?\n'))
birthday_minute = int(input('What minute were you born?\n'))
else:
birthday_hour = 0 # set to 0 as default
birthday_minute = 0 # set to 0 as default
return (birthday_year, birthday_month, birthday_day, birthday_hour, birthday_minute)
def calculate_time_since_birth(birthday_year, birthday_month, birthday_day, birthday_hour, birthday_minute, convert_to_integers):
year = 31557600 # seconds in a year
day = 86400 # seconds in a day
hour = 3600 # seconds in a hour
minute = 60 # seconds in a minute
# provide user info to datetime.datetime()
birthdate = datetime.datetime(birthday_year, birthday_month, birthday_day, birthday_hour, birthday_minute)
birthdate_tuple = time.mktime(birthdate.timetuple())
# figure out how many seconds ago birth was
seconds_since_birthday = time.time() - birthdate_tuple
# start calculations
years_ago = seconds_since_birthday // year
days_ago = seconds_since_birthday // day % 365
hours_ago = seconds_since_birthday // hour % 24
minutes_ago = seconds_since_birthday // minute % 60
seconds_ago = seconds_since_birthday % minute
# convert calculated values to integers if convert_to_integers is True
if convert_to_integers is True:
years_ago = int(years_ago)
days_ago = int(days_ago)
hours_ago = int(hours_ago)
minutes_ago = int(minutes_ago)
seconds_ago = int(seconds_ago)
# print calculations
print(f'Your birthday was {years_ago} years, {days_ago}, days, {hours_ago} hours, {minutes_ago} minutes, {seconds_ago} seconds ago.')
# to ask for just the year, month, and day
main(False, False)
# to ask for just the year, month, and day AND convert the answer to integer values
main(False, True)
# to ask for just the year, month, day, hour, and minute
main(True, False)
# to ask for just the year, month, day, hour, and minute AND convert the answer to integer values
main(True, True)
Tried to use descriptive variable names so the variables should make sense, but the operators might need some explaining:
10 // 3 # the // operator divides the numerator by the denominator and REMOVES the remainder, so answer is 3
10 % 3 # the % operator divides the numerator by the denominator and RETURNS the remainder, so the answer is 1
After understanding the operators, the rest of the code should make sense. For clarity, let's walk through it
Create birthdate by asking user for their information in the ask_for_birthday_info() function
Provide the information the user provided to the calculate_time_since_birth() function
Convert birthdate to a tuple and store it in birthdate_tuple
Figure out how many seconds have passed since the birthday and store it in seconds_since_birthday
Figure out how many years have passed since the birthday by dividing seconds_since_birthday by the number of seconds in a year
Figure out how many days have passed since the birthday by dividing seconds_since_birthday by the number of seconds in a day and keeping only the most recent 365 days (that's the % 365 in days_ago)
Figure out how many hours have passed since the birthday by dividing seconds_since_birthday by the number of seconds in a hour and keeping only the most recent 24 hours (that's the % 24 in hours_ago)
Figure out how many minutes have passed since the birthday by dividing seconds_since_birthday by the number of seconds in a minute and keeping only the most recent 60 minutes (that's the % 60 in minutes_ago)
Figure out how many seconds have passed since the birthday by dividing seconds_since_birthday and keeping only the most recent 60 seconds (that's the % 60 in seconds_ago)
Then, we just need to print the results:
print(f'Your birthday was {years_ago} years, {days_ago}, days, {hours_ago} hours, {minutes_ago} minutes, {seconds_ago} seconds ago.')
# if you're using a version of python before 3.6, use something like
print('Your birthday was ' + str(years_ago) + ' years, ' + str(days_ago) + ' days, ' + str(hours_ago) + ' hours, ' + str(minutes_ago) + ' minutes, ' + str(seconds_ago) + ' seconds ago.')
Finally, you can add some error checking to make sure that the user enters valid information, so that if they say they were born in month 15 or month -2, your program would tell the user they provided an invalid answer. For example, you could do something like this AFTER getting the birthday information from the user, but BEFORE calling the calculate_time_since_birth() function:
if not (1 <= month <= 12):
print('ERROR! You provided an invalid month!')
return
if not (1 <= day <= 31):
# note this isn't a robust check, if user provides February 30 or April 31, that should be an error - but this won't catch that
# you'll need to make it more robust to catch those errors
print('ERROR! You provided an invalid day!')
return
if not (0 <= hour <= 23):
print('ERROR! You provided an invalid hour!')
return
if not (0 <= minute <= 59):
print('ERROR! You provided an invalid minute!')
return
if not (0 <= second <= 59):
print('ERROR! You provided an invalid second!')
return
I want to make a calculator that calculates someones age in seconds and all the programs that do that only get the days. Can someone help me please?
This sounds more like an algorithm problem. What you would want though is to just keep breaking years into smaller units so for example.
1 year = 365.25 days -> 1 day = 24 hours -> 1 hour = 60 minutes -> 1 minute = 60 seconds
This should be relatively easy to implement in code.
I have xls file in following format
Name 1 2 3 4
John 09:00-21:00 09:00-21:00
Amy 21:00-09:00 09:00-21:00
Where 1,2,3,4 and so on represent days of current month,
09:00-21:00 - working hours.
I want to calculate salary based on the following conditions:
09:00-21:00 - 10$/hour
21:00-00:00 - 15$/hour
00:00-03:00 - 20$/hour
etc.
and so on (every hour can have it's own cost, for example 03:00-04:00 - 20$/hour, 04:00-05:00 - 19$/hour, etc.)
How can i accomplish this using only Excel (functions or VBA)?
P.S. Easy way: export to csv and process in python/php/etc.
Here is a non-VBA solution. It's a pretty nasty formula, but it works. I am sure it could be made even easier to use and understand with some more ingenuity:
Assuming the spreadsheet is set up like this:
Enter this formula in cell G1 and drag down for your data set:
=IF(ISBLANK(B2),"",IF(LEFT(B2,2)<MID(B2,FIND("-",B2)+1,2),SUMIFS($P$2:$P$24,$Q$2:$Q$24,">="&LEFT(B2,2),$Q$2:$Q$24,"<="&MID(B2,FIND("-",B2)+1,2)),SUMIF($Q$2:$Q$24,"<="&MID(B2,FIND("-",B2)+1,2),$P$2:$P$24)+SUMIF($Q$2:$Q$24,">="&LEFT(B2,2),$P$2:$P$24)))
To explain the formula in detail:
IF(ISBLANK(B2),"" will return a empty string if there is no time for a given person / day combination.
LEFT(B2,2) extracts the start-time into an hour.
Mid(B2,Find("-",B2)+1,2) extracts the end-time into an hour.
IF(LEFT(B2,2)<MID(B2,FIND("-",B2)+1,2) will check if the start-time is less than the end-time (meaning no over-night work). If the start-time is less than the end-time, it will use this formula to calculate the total cost per hour: SUMIFS($P$2:$P$24,$Q$2:$Q$24,">="&LEFT(B3,2),$Q$2:$Q$24,"<="&MID(B3,FIND("-",B3)+1,2))
If the start-time is higher than the end-time (meaning overnight work), it will use this formula to calculate: SUMIF($Q$2:$Q$24,"<="&MID(B3,FIND("-",B3)+1,2),$P$2:$P$24)+SUMIF($Q$2:$Q$24,">="&LEFT(B3,2),$P$2:$P$24)
The use of the Find("-",[cell]) splits the start-and- end times into values excel can use to do math against the Time / Cost table.
The formula in column Q of the Time / Cost table is =VALUE(MID(O2,FIND("-",O2)+1,2)) and turns the ending hour to consider the cost into a value Excel can use to add, instead of having the text from your original source format.
Do this in VBA! It is native to excel and is easy to learn. Functionally, I would loop through the table, write a function to calculate the dollars earned based on the info given. If you want your results to be live updating (like a formula in excel) you can write a user defined function. A helpful function might be an HoursIntersect function, as below:
Public Function HoursIntersect(Period1Start As Date, Period1End As Date, _
Period2Start As Date, Period2End As Date) _
As Double
Dim result As Double
' Check if the ends are greater than the starts. If they are, assume we are rolling over to
' a new day
If Period1End < Period1Start Then Period1End = Period1End + 1
If Period2End < Period2Start Then Period2End = Period2End + 1
With WorksheetFunction
result = .Min(Period1End, Period2End) - .Max(Period1Start, Period2Start)
HoursIntersect = .Max(result, 0) * 24
End With
End Function
Then you can determine the start and end time by splitting the value on the "-" character. Then multiply each payment schedule by the hours worked within that time:
DollarsEarned = DollarsEarned + 20 * HoursIntersect(StartTime, EndTime, #00:00:00#, #03:00:00#)
DollarsEarned = DollarsEarned + 10 * HoursIntersect(StartTime, EndTime, #09:00:00#, #21:00:00#)
DollarsEarned = DollarsEarned + 15 * HoursIntersect(StartTime, EndTime, #21:00:00#, #00:00:00#)
I have a method that uses nothing but formulas. First create a lookup table which contains every hour and rate in say columns K & L, something like this:
K L
08:00 15
09:00 10
10:00 10
11:00 10
12:00 10
13:00 10
14:00 10
15:00 10
16:00 10
17:00 10
18:00 10
19:00 10
20:00 10
21:00 15
22:00 15
23:00 15
Make sure you enter the hours as text by entering a single quote before the digits.
Then if your hours were in cell B2 you could then use this formula to calculate the total:
=SUM(INDIRECT("L"&MATCH(LEFT(B2,5),K2:K40,0)&":L"&MATCH(RIGHT(B2,5),K2:K40,0)))
All the formula is doing is getting the left and right text of your work time, using MATCH to find their positions in the lookup table which is used to create a range address which is then passed to SUM via the INDIRECT function.
If you need to worry about minutes all you need to do is create a bigger lookup table which holds every minute of the day. You may need to add some extra logic if your work days span midnight.
I work in a hospital and need to keep track of how much time and when I spend that time in different areas. Clinical and Research. There are multiple things that count as clinical hours though they are not the same thing. In the picture CFW, Clinic, AMJ, etc count as clinical. Training, Research, lunch, data, r383, experiment are not needed to keep track of. It appears like this:
___ A ____ B
1 8:30 Training
2 9:00 CFW
3 9:30 CFW
4 10:00 CFW
5 10:30 Clinic
6 11:00 Clinic
7 11:30 Research
8 12:00 Lunch
9 12:30 Data
10 1:00 AMJ
11 1:30 AMJ
12 2:00 AMJ
13 2:30 R383
14 3:00 Experiment
15 3:30 Experiment
16 4:00 Research
My end goal is to be able to have a list of text that I can search for, like "Clinic", and it tell me which times I was there and the total time spent, like 10:30-11:30 1 hour.
Clinic: 10:30-11:30
1 Hour
So if I search all of the text phrases it would have the times spent there (beginning - end), and the sum total length of time. I have a separate sheet for each day of the week and ideally would like to be able to search through all 5 sheets at once and have all the days pop up all organized and such.
For example:
Monday
Clinic: 10:30-11:30
1 Hour
AMJ: 1:00-2:30
1.5 Hours
Tuesday
CFW: 9:00-10:30
1.5 Hours
etc...
Sorry for my formatting. Let me know if I need to any more information. I'm not able to post the picture yet. Any ideas? Please and thank
You want to create a VBA Macro on your Excel Spreadsheet that will go through each sheet, look for what value you want (e.g. "Clinic"), capture your times and calculate the elapsed.
You can refer to each sheet, and the cells in loops. Here is a shell to get you started.
Public Function elapsedTime (byval searchFor As String)
Dim shIdx as Integer
Dim rIdx as Integer
Dim calc as Integer
rIdx = 2
For shIdx = 1 to 5
While Sheets(shIdx).Range("A" + CStr(rIdx)).Value <> ""
If Sheets(shIdx).Range("B" + CStr(rIdx)).Value = searchFor Then
Additional logic here to calculate your value and
store it in "calc"...
End If
rIdx = rIdx + 1
Wend
rIdx = 2
Next shIdx
elapsedTime = calc
End Function
Here’s a challenge for someone. I’m trying to round session times up to the nearest quarter hour (I report my total client hours for license credentialing)
8 minutes or above: round up to 15
23 minutes or above: round up to 30
38 minutes or above: round up to 45
53 minutes or above: round up to 60
Ex: in the first quarter hour, minutes below 8 will be their exact value: 1=1, 2=2, 3=3.
When 8 is entered, it is automatically rounded up to 15 (the same holds true for the rest of the hour: ex: 16=16, 17=17, 18=18, 19=19, 20=20, 21=21, 22=22. But 23 through 29 are all rounded up to 30.
Ideally, I could enter both hours and minutes in a single column, ex: 1.54
However, I realize that it may be necessary to create a separate column for hours and minutes in order to make this work (i.e., so that my formula is only concerned with rounding up minutes. I can add my hours and minutes together after the minutes are rounded.) Thus:
Column A = Hours (3 hours maximum)
Column B = Minutes
Column C = Minutes Rounded up to nearest ¼ hour
Column D = Col A + Col C
In column B I would like to enter minutes as 1 through 60 (no decimal- i.e., in General, not Time format)
38 minutes in column B would automatically be rounded up to 45 minutes in column C
Does anyone have any ideas? How can I do this using the fewest number of columns?
[A Previously posted question - "Round up to nearest quarter" - introduces the concept of Math.Ceiling. Is this something I should use? I couldn't wrap my head around the answer).
With Grateful Thanks,
~ Jay
How's this go?
DECLARE #time DATETIME = '2014-03-19T09:59:00'
SELECT CASE
WHEN DATEPART(mi, #time) BETWEEN 8 AND 15 THEN DATEADD(mi, 15-DATEPART(mi, #time), #time)
WHEN DATEPART(mi, #time) BETWEEN 23 AND 30 THEN DATEADD(mi, 30-DATEPART(mi, #time), #time)
WHEN DATEPART(mi, #time) BETWEEN 38 AND 45 THEN DATEADD(mi, 45-DATEPART(mi, #time), #time)
WHEN DATEPART(mi, #time) BETWEEN 53 AND 59 THEN DATEADD(mi, 60-DATEPART(mi, #time), #time)
ELSE #time
END
Assume "sessions" is your table (CTE below contains 2 sample records), with session start time & end time stored (as noted in comments above, just store these data points, don't store the calculated values). You might be able to do the rounding as below. (not sure if this is what you want, since it either rounds up or down... do you not want to round down?)
;WITH sessions AS (
SELECT CAST('20140317 12:00' AS DATETIME) AS session_start, CAST('20140317 12:38' AS DATETIME) AS session_end
UNION ALL
SELECT CAST('20140317 12:00' AS DATETIME), CAST('20140317 12:37:59' AS DATETIME) AS session_end
)
SELECT *, DATEDIFF(MINUTE, session_start, session_end) AS session_time
, ROUND(DATEDIFF(MINUTE, session_start, session_end)/15.0, 0) * 15.0 AS bill_time
FROM sessions;
EDIT:
Hi Jay, I don't think you mentioned it is an Excel problem! I was assuming SQL. As Stuart suggested in a comment above, it would be helpful if you modified your question to indicate it is for Excel, so that others can possibly get help from this dialog in the future.
With Excel, you can do it with two columns that contain the session start date and time (column A) and session end date and time (column B), plus two formulas:
Column C (Actual Minutes) = ROUND((B1-A1) * 1440,0)
Column D (Billing Minutes) = (FLOOR(C1/15, 1) * 15) + IF(MOD(C1,15) >= 8, 15, MOD(C1,15))
This is what my table looks like:
3/18/2014 12:00 3/18/2014 12:38 38 45
3/18/2014 14:00 3/18/2014 14:37 37 37