Why I cannot execute command on remote host.
Do I miss something?
Bash file: hello.sh
#!/bin/sh
host_name="myHost"
ssh $host_name '
STR="Hello World!"
echo $STR
'
executing above file: the print out:
> ./print_node_status.sh
Enter Windows password:
STR=Hello World!: Command not found.
STR: Undefined variable.
It looks like your remote shell is the C shell, not Bash.
You have several options:
Adapt your code to conform to that shell's language:
ssh $host_name '
set STR="Hello World\!"
echo $STR
'
Execute /bin/bash in your remote process, if it is available, e.g.:
ssh $host_name '
exec /bin/bash
STR="Hello World!"
echo $STR
'
Change the default shell of your user on that node to /bin/bash, see the chsh(1) manpage.
Related
I want to run some commands each time when I log in to a remote system. Storing commands in .bashrc on remote is not an option.
What is the proper way to escape the escape chars inside of quotes in bash script for ssh?
How can I write each command in new line?
My script
#!/bin/bash
remote_PS1=$'\[\033[01;32m\]\u#\[\033[03;80m\]\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\!:\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
ssh -t "$#" 'export SYSTEMD_PAGER="";' \
'export $remote_PS1;' \
'echo -e "set nocompatible" > /home/root/.vimrc;' \
'bash -l;'
didn't work.
Escaping escape characters inside double-quotes and run them on remote server is way too complicated for me :)
Instead, I wrote a remoterc file for remote and a small remotessh script.
In remotessh, first I copy remoterc on remote machine and run bash command with that remoterc file interactively.
remoterc:
#!/bin/bash
SYSTEMD_PAGER=""
PS1="\[\033[01;32m\]\u#\[\033[03;80m\]\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\!:\w\[\033[00m\]\$ "
echo -e "set nocompatible" > /home/root/.vimrc
remotessh:
#!/bin/bash
scp remoterc "$1":/home/root/
ssh "$1" -t "bash --rcfile remoterc -i"
It works :)
You can use Bash's printf %q.
According to help printf:
%q quote the argument in a way that can be reused as shell input
See the following example:
$ cat foo.sh
ps1='\[\033[1;31m\]\u:\w \[\033[0m\]\$ '
ps1_quoted=$( printf %q "$ps1" )
ssh -t foo#localhost \
'export FOO=bar;' \
"export PS1=$ps1_quoted;" \
'bash --norc'
Result:
I have tried to run the following command from command line and it works perfect as expected
ssh someIP "java -jar /path/program.jar "someIP""
but when i wrote in the bash script as following:
ssh $f1 \"java -jar /path/program.jar \"$f1\"\" ;
where $f1 is the ip address. it does not work and gives me the error:
bash: java -jar /path/program.jar someIP: No such file or directory
I tried to echo the ssh command and it is correct and i just copied the echoed command and pasted on the command prompt and it has worked. So I am now confuse, what is wrong in the bash script that I am missing
You can try not to escape.
#!/bin/bash
ssh $1 "java -jar program.jar "$1""
You could try EOF.
ssh $1 << EOF
#commands here
EOF
After the commands are done the connection is severed.
Below is an example of a ssh script using a heredoc (the actual script is more complex). Is it possible to use both local and remote variables within an SSH heredoc or command?
FILE_NAME is set on the local server to be used on the remote server. REMOTE_PID is set when running on the remote server to be used on local server. FILE_NAME is recognised in script. REMOTE_PID is not set.
If EOF is changed to 'EOF', then REMOTE_PID is set and `FILE_NAME is not. I don't understand why this is?
Is there a way in which both REMOTE_PID and FILE_NAME can be recognised?
Version 2 of bash being used. The default remote login is cshell, local script is to be bash.
FILE_NAME=/example/pdi.dat
ssh user#host bash << EOF
# run script with output...
REMOTE_PID=$(cat $FILE_NAME)
echo $REMOTE_PID
EOF
echo $REMOTE_PID
You need to escape the $ sign if you don't want the variable to be expanded:
$ x=abc
$ bash <<EOF
> x=def
> echo $x # This expands x before sending it to bash. Bash will see only "echo abc"
> echo \$x # This lets bash perform the expansion. Bash will see "echo $x"
> EOF
abc
def
So in your case:
ssh user#host bash << EOF
# run script with output...
REMOTE_PID=$(cat $FILE_NAME)
echo \$REMOTE_PID
EOF
Or alternatively you can just use a herestring with single quotes:
$ x=abc
$ bash <<< '
> x=def
> echo $x # This will not expand, because we are inside single quotes
> '
def
remote_user_name=user
instance_ip=127.0.0.1
external=$(ls /home/)
ssh -T -i ${private_key} -l ${remote_user_name} ${instance_ip} << END
internal=\$(ls /home/)
echo "\${internal}"
echo "${external}"
END
So part of my script is as follows:
ssh user#$remoteServer "
cd ~/a/b/c/;
echo -e 'blah blah'
sleep 1 # Added this just to make sure it waits.
foo=`grep something xyz.log |sed 's/something//g' |sed 's/something-else//g'`
echo $foo > ~/xyz.list
exit "
In my output I see:
grep: xyz.log: No such file or directory
blah blah
Whereas when I ssh to the server, xyz.log does exist within ~/a/b/c/
Why is the grep statement getting executed before the echo statement?
Can someone please help?
The problem here is that your command in backticks is being run locally, not on the remote end of the SSH connection. Thus, it runs before you've even connected to the remote system at all! (This is true for all expansions that run in double-quotes, so the $foo in echo $foo as well).
Use a quoted heredoc to protect your code against local evaluation:
ssh user#$remoteServer bash -s <<'EOF'
cd ~/a/b/c/;
echo -e 'blah blah'
sleep 1 # Added this just to make sure it waits.
foo=`grep something xyz.log |sed 's/something//g' |sed 's/something-else//g'`
echo $foo > ~/xyz.list
exit
EOF
If you want to pass through a variable from the local side, the easy way is with positional parameters:
printf -v varsStr '%q ' "$varOne" "$varTwo"
ssh "user#$remoteServer" "bash -s $varsStr" <<'EOF'
varOne=$1; varTwo=$2 # set as remote variables
echo "Remote value of varOne is $varOne"
echo "Remote value of varTwo is $varTwo"
EOF
[command server] ------> [remote server]
The better way is to create shell script in the "remote server" , and run the command in the "command server" such as :
ssh ${remoteserver} "/bin/bash /foo/foo.sh"
It will solve many problem , the aim is to make things simple but not complex .
I have a script (say run.py) and I want to scp that to a remote machine (say 10.1.100.100), cd into a directory in that remote machine, and execute run.py in that directory.
How do I wrap the above procedure in one single bash script? I don't know how to let bash execute commands remotely in another machine.
Hopefully I can see that stdout of run.py in my terminal. But if I can only redirect it, that's fine as well.
chmod +x ./run.py
scp -pq ./run.py 10.1.100.100:'/home/myremotedirectory/run.py'
ssh 10.1.100.100 'cd /somedirectory && /home/myremotedirectory/run.py'
See if that helps
How to run a local script over SSH
Synopsis:
Script execution over SSH without copying script file.
You need a simple SSH connexion and a local script.
Code:
#!/bin/sh
print_usage() {
echo -e "`basename $0` ssh_connexion local_script"
echo -e "Remote executes local_script on ssh server"
echo -e "For convinient use, use ssh public key for remote connexion"
exit 0
}
[ $# -eq "2" ] && [ $1 != "-h" ] && [ $1 != "--help" ] || print_usage
INTERPRETER=$(head -n 1 $2 | sed -e 's/#!//')
cat $2 | grep -v "#" | ssh -t $1 $INTERPRETER
Examples:
- ssh-remote-exec root#server1 myLocalScript.sh #for Bash
- ssh-remote-exec root#server1 myLocalScript.py #for Python
- ssh-remote-exec root#server1 myLocalScript.pl #for Perl
- ssh-remote-exec root#server1 myLocalScript.rb #for Ruby
Step by step explanations
This script performs this operations:
1° catches first line #! to get interpreter (i.e: Perl, Python, Ruby, Bash interpreter),
2° starts remote interpeter over SSH,
3° send all the script body over SSH.
Local Script:
Local script must start with #!/path/to/interpreter
- #!/bin/sh for Bash script
- #!/usr/bin/perl for Perl script
- #!/usr/bin/python for Python script
- #!/usr/bin/ruby for Ruby script
This script is not based on local script extension but on #! information.
You can do it like this:
ssh -l yourid 10.1.100.100 << DONE
cd /your/dir/
./run.py
DONE
Above has been edited, I don't remember what it was like originally, if I want to do it in one single connection, I will do it this way.
ssh -l yourid 10.1.100.100 python < <(
echo "import os"
echo "os.chdir('/yourdir')"
echo "print(os.getcwd())"
cat yourscript.py
)
Remember, that this is not a rule, that you HAVE TO cd to the requested directory.
Once you get access to the remote machine, just type a relative path to this file, without using cd:
/some_folder/./run.py