I am trying to automatically set three AWS environment variables (AWS_ACCESS_KEY, AWS_ACCESS_ID and AWS_SESSION_TOKEN) which are derived from the JSON returned by aws sts assume-role.
Normally if I wanted to automatically set environment variables I would write a Bash script, say setvars.sh:
export AWS_ACCESS_KEY=something
and then
source setvars.sh
I know that if you do process.env.AWS_ACCESS_KEY = 'something' in a Node script, it won't affect the parent process.
Is there a workaround to be able to use a Node script (rather than Bash, which will be tricky to manipulate JSON with) to set environment variables this way?
When you set environment variables using a bash script and run in a shell, they are accessible just to the processes which are run in the same shell. So you will need to run the Node app in the same shell to access those variables.
Now another approach is to add them in process.env object, so you can write a config script just to load all the config variables and require it at top of your Node app. You need to design the application in such a way that you can use all the configuration in same file.
For Example:
config.js:
process.env.AWS_ACCESS_KEY = 'something'
app.js:
// Starting point of your app
require('./config');
const app = require('express')();
// Use the config
// AWS_API(process.env.AWS_ACCESS_KEY);
// Other App Logic
This approach is mostly used in development environment, in production you might want to use the first approach or you can add the configuration globally using /etc/profile or /etc/environment. Refer how-to-set-global-environment-variable
You can read the JSON file and set your environment variables in process.env:
process.env['environment_variable_name'] = 'environment_variable_value';
NB: This will be available only for that particular node process and its children, not globally available.
As an expansion to the accepted answer,
You can also define your ENV in a file, and import a specific env config based on a release.
This way you can set ENV files for your staging, development or production environments in static configs if required.
From dotenv repository/docs
As early as possible in your application, require and configure dotenv.
require('dotenv').config()
Create a .env file in the root directory of your project. Add
environment-specific variables on new lines in the form of NAME=VALUE.
For example:
DB_HOST=localhost
DB_USER=root
DB_PASS=s1mpl3
process.env now has the keys and values you defined in your .env file.
const db = require('db')
db.connect({
host: process.env.DB_HOST,
username: process.env.DB_USER,
password: process.env.DB_PASS
})
So for you, you may want to do an async call from AWS to get those ENV variables, or perhaps save them within a .env file
https://github.com/motdotla/dotenv
I am running config#1.30.0 and I am attempting to get settings from the environment variables using .\config\custom-environment-variables.json does not work. However, it reads from the .\config\default.json just fine.
.\config\custom-environment-variables.json
{
"key": "app_key"
}
.\config\default.json
{
"key": "defaultKey"
}
running
const config = require('config');
console.log(config.get('key'))
always prints
defaultKey
but prints nothing when I set the key property in config/default to an empty string. How can I resolve this?
What I have tried
Opened a new console anytime I set the environment variable using set app_key=newKey
Set the environment manually
The config file name relates to the NODE_ENV environment variable you use when starting node.
The purpose of the module is to have a config file for each type of environment you are deploying to test, staging, prod environments. Default takes over if nothing is set or a file can't be find
e.g. for test and staging environments you would have.
config/default.json
{
"key": "default_key"
}
config/test.json
{
"key": "test_key"
}
config/production.json
{
"key": "prod_key"
}
app.js
var config = require('config')
console.log(config.key)
Then if you run with a different NODE_ENV the same name as the file in the config directory you get the different keys
node app.js // output default_key
NODE_ENV=test node app.js // output test_key
NODE_ENV=production node app.js // output prod_key
You question references custom environment variables using the file config/custom-environment-variables.json This file will enable you to override a value in one of the files with a environment variable set when running node. This is useful when you can't commit the variable, such as database key but might want to access all your config in the same place.
e.g.
{
"key": "SECURE_DATABASE_KEY"
}
Then running the same program again with the new config file:
NODE_ENV=production node app.js // output prod_key
SECURE_DATABASE_KEY=asldfj40 NODE_ENV=production node app.js // output asldfj40
I ran into a similar problem and found that if I don't open a new terminal window and I restart the server in the same window where I run export some_secret=immasecret, then the app doesn't crash and the some_secret variable can be accessed. I'd previously been trying to access the variable while running node in another window.
This issue is with VSCODE Editors Integrated Terminal
We have also struggled a lot with this issue initially, but the issue is that you might be using the integrated terminal that comes with VSCODE there is an issue with that, please try to use some external terminals like cmder or cmd prompt that comes with windows you will get the output as you are expecting.
USE EXTERNAL TERMINAL OR CMD PROMPT to execute the code
A solution is custom-env nodejs module, it allows you to add different environment variables for different stages using the popular .env method. Example .env for dev environment and .env.staging for staging environment
Your files and codes are correct your cmd command is wrong
use this command
setx app_key NewKey
Attention!
If config/production.json
{
"key": "prod_key"
}
and config/local.json
{
"key": "local_key"
}
and
NODE_ENV=production node app.js
the Output is: local_key
If a local.json exist is NODE_ENV=production is ignored
Details s. config Wiki (it is very refined, unfortunately too few examples)
I'm trying to follow a tutorial and it says:
There are a few ways to load credentials.
Loaded from environment variables,
Loaded from a JSON file on disk,
The keys need to be as follows:
USER_ID, USER_KEY
...This means that if you properly set your environment variables, you
do not need to manage credentials in your application at all.
Based on some Googling, it appears that I need to set the variables in process.env? How and where do I set these credentials? Example Please.
Environment variables (in this case) are being used to pass credentials to your application. USER_ID and USER_KEY can both be accessed from process.env.USER_ID and process.env.USER_KEY respectively. You don't need to edit them, just access their contents.
It looks like they are simply giving you the choice between loading your USER_ID and USER_KEY from either process.env or some specificed file on disk.
Now, the magic happens when you run the application.
USER_ID=239482 USER_KEY=foobar node app.js
That will pass the user id 239482 and the user key as foobar. This is suitable for testing, however for production, you will probably be configuring some bash scripts to export variables.
I highly recommend looking into the dotenv package.
https://github.com/motdotla/dotenv
It's kind of similar to the library suggested within the answer from #Benxamin, but it's a lot cleaner and doesn't require any bash scripts. Also worth noting that the code base is popular and well maintained.
Basically you need a .env file (which I highly recommend be ignored from your git/mercurial/etc):
FOO=bar
BAZ=bob
Then in your application entry file put the following line in as early as possible:
require('dotenv').config();
Boom. Done. 'process.env' will now contain the variables above:
console.log(process.env.FOO);
// bar
The '.env' file isn't required so you don't need to worry about your app falling over in it's absence.
You can set the environment variable through process global variable as follows:
process.env['NODE_ENV'] = 'production';
Works in all platforms.
Just provide the env values on command line
USER_ID='abc' USER_KEY='def' node app.js
If you want a management option, try the envs npm package. It returns environment values if they are set. Otherwise, you can specify a default value that is stored in a global defaults object variable if it is not in your environment.
Using .env ("dot ee-en-vee") or environment files is good for many reasons. Individuals may manage their own configs. You can deploy different environments (dev, stage, prod) to cloud services with their own environment settings. And you can set sensible defaults.
Inside your .env file each line is an entry, like this example:
NODE_ENV=development
API_URL=http://api.domain.com
TRANSLATION_API_URL=/translations/
GA_UA=987654321-0
NEW_RELIC_KEY=hi-mom
SOME_TOKEN=asdfasdfasdf
SOME_OTHER_TOKEN=zxcvzxcvzxcv
You should not include the .env in your version control repository (add it to your .gitignore file).
To get variables from the .env file into your environment, you can use a bash script to do the equivalent of export NODE_ENV=development right before you start your application.
#!/bin/bash
while read line; do export "$line";
done <source .env
Then this goes in your application javascript:
var envs = require('envs');
// If NODE_ENV is not set,
// then this application will assume it's prod by default.
app.set('environment', envs('NODE_ENV', 'production'));
// Usage examples:
app.set('ga_account', envs('GA_UA'));
app.set('nr_browser_key', envs('NEW_RELIC_BROWSER_KEY'));
app.set('other', envs('SOME_OTHER_TOKEN));
It depends on your operating system and your shell
On linux with the shell bash, you create environment variables like this(in the console):
export FOO=bar
For more information on environment variables on ubuntu (for example):
Environment variables on ubuntu
Windows-users: beware! These commands are recommended for Unix. But on Windows they don't persist, they only set a variable in your current shell, and it'll be gone when you restart.
SET TEST="hello world"
$env:TEST = "hello world"
3 ways to set a persistent environment variable on Windows:
A) .env file in your project - The best method. As you can just copy that file to any computer and get the same config when running the project.
Create an .env file in your project folder root with the content: TEST="hello world"
Write some node code that will read that file. I suggest installing dotenv ( npm install dotenv --save) and then add require('dotenv').config(); during your node setup code.
process.env.TEST is now usable in node
Env-files are a good way of keeping api-keys out of your codebase
B) Use Powershell - this will create a variable that will be accessible in other terminals. But it sucks as it'll be lost after you restart your computer.
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("TEST", "hello world", "User")
This method is widely recommended on Windows forums, people seem unaware it doesn't persist after a system restart....
C) Use the Windows GUI
Search for "Environment Variables" in the Start Menu Search or in the Control Panel, Select "Edit the system environment variables". A dialogue opens and you click the button "Environment Variables" at the bottom of the dialogue to open an edit-view where you can click the "New" button to add a new environment variable. Easy. And persists even after a restart. But not something you should use to config a specific codebase.
Like ctrlplusb said, I recommend you to use the package dotenv, but another way to do this is creating a js file and requiring it on the first line of your app server.
env.js:
process.env.VAR1="foo"
process.env.VAR2="bar"
app.js:
require('./env') // env.js relative path.
console.log(process.env.VAR1) // foo
Step 1: Add your environment variables to their appropriate file. For example, your staging environment could be called .env.staging, which contains the environment variables USER_ID and USER_KEY, specific to your staging environment.
Step 2: In your package.json file, add the following:
"scripts": {
"build": "sh -ac '. ./.env.${REACT_APP_ENV}; react-scripts build'",
"build:staging": "REACT_APP_ENV=staging npm run build",
"build:production": "REACT_APP_ENV=production npm run build",
...
}
then call it in your deploy script like this:
npm run build:staging
Super simple set up and works like a charm!
Source: https://medium.com/#tacomanator/environments-with-create-react-app-7b645312c09d
Make your life easier with dotenv-webpack. Simply install it npm install dotenv-webpack --save-dev, then create an .env file in your application's root (remember to add this to .gitignore before you git push). Open this file, and set some environmental variables there, like for example:
ENV_VAR_1=1234
ENV_VAR_2=abcd
ENV_VAR_3=1234abcd
Now, in your webpack config add:
const Dotenv = require('dotenv-webpack');
const webpackConfig = {
node: { global: true, fs: 'empty' }, // Fix: "Uncaught ReferenceError: global is not defined", and "Can't resolve 'fs'".
output: {
libraryTarget: 'umd' // Fix: "Uncaught ReferenceError: exports is not defined".
},
plugins: [new Dotenv()]
};
module.exports = webpackConfig; // Export all custom Webpack configs.
Only const Dotenv = require('dotenv-webpack');, plugins: [new Dotenv()], and of course module.exports = webpackConfig; // Export all custom Webpack configs. are required. However, in some scenarios you might get some errors. For these you have the solution as well implying how you can fix certain error.
Now, wherever you want you can simply use process.env.ENV_VAR_1, process.env.ENV_VAR_2, process.env.ENV_VAR_3 in your application.
For windows users this Stack Overflow question and top answer is quite useful on how to set environement variables via the command line
How can i set NODE_ENV=production in Windows?
Came across a nice tool for doing this.
node-env-file
Parses and loads environment files (containing ENV variable exports) into Node.js environment, i.e. process.env - Uses this style:
.env
# some env variables
FOO=foo1
BAR=bar1
BAZ=1
QUX=
# QUUX=
If you are using a mac/linux and you want to retrieve local parameters to the machine you're using, this is what you'll do:
In terminal run nano ~/.bash_profile
add a line like: export MY_VAR=var
save & run source ~/.bash_profile
in node use like: console.log(process.env.MY_VAR);
As expansion of #ctrlplusb answer,
I would suggest you to also take a look to the env-dot-prop package.
It allows you to set/get properties from process.env using a dot-path.
Let's assume that your process.env contains the following:
process.env = {
FOO_BAR: 'baz'
'FOO_🦄': '42'
}
Then you can manipulate the environment variables like that:
const envDotProp = require('env-dot-prop');
console.log(process.env);
//=> {FOO_BAR: 'baz', 'FOO_🦄': '42'}
envDotProp.get('foo');
//=> {bar: 'baz', '🦄': '42'}
envDotProp.get('foo.🦄');
//=> '42'
envDotProp.get('foo.🦄', {parse: true});
//=> 42
envDotProp.set('baz.foo', 'bar');
envDotProp.get('', {parse: true});
//=> {foo: {bar: 'baz', '🦄': 42}, baz: {foo: 'bar'}}
console.log(process.env);
//=> {FOO_BAR: 'baz', 'FOO_🦄': '42', BAZ_FOO: 'bar'}
envDotProp.delete('foo');
envDotProp.get('');
//=> {baz: {foo: 'bar'}}
console.log(process.env);
//=> {BAZ_FOO: 'bar'}
This helps you to parse the environment variables and use them as a config object in your app.
It also helps you implement a 12-factor configuration.
A very good way of doing environment variables I have successfully used is below:
A. Have different config files:
dev.js // this has all environment variables for development only
The file contains:
module.exports = {
ENV: 'dev',
someEnvKey1 : 'some DEV Value1',
someEnvKey2 : 'some DEV Value2'
};
stage.js // this has all environment variables for development only
..
qa.js // this has all environment variables for qa testing only
The file contains:
module.exports = {
ENV: 'dev',
someEnvKey1 : 'some QA Value1',
someEnvKey2 : 'some QA Value2'
};
NOTE: the values are changing with the environment, mostly, but keys remain same.
you can have more
z__prod.js // this has all environment variables for production/live only
NOTE: This file is never bundled for deployment
Put all these config files in /config/ folder
<projectRoot>/config/dev.js
<projectRoot>/config/qa.js
<projectRoot>/config/z__prod.js
<projectRoot>/setenv.js
<projectRoot>/setenv.bat
<projectRoot>/setenv.sh
NOTE: The name of prod is different than others, as it would not be used by all.
B. Set the OS/ Lambda/ AzureFunction/ GoogleCloudFunction environment variables from config file
Now ideally, these config variables in file, should go as OS environment variables (or, LAMBDA function variables, or, Azure function variables, Google Cloud Functions, etc.)
so, we write automation in Windows OS (or other)
Assume we write 'setenv' bat file, which takes one argument that is environment that we want to set
Now run "setenv dev"
a) This takes the input from the passed argument variable ('dev' for now)
b) read the corresponding file ('config\dev.js')
c) sets the environment variables in Windows OS (or other)
For example,
The setenv.bat contents might be:
node setenv.js
The setenv.js contents might be:
// import "process.env.ENV".js file (dev.js example)
// loop the imported file contents
// set the environment variables in Windows OS (or, Lambda, etc.)
That's all, your environment is ready for use.
When you do 'setenv qa', all qa environment variables will be ready for use from qa.js, and ready for use by same program (which always asks for process.env.someEnvKey1, but the value it gets is qa one).
Hope that helps.
Pretty much like some others answers but without any lib nor (bash) export.
I have some encrypted variables then I need to generate them on the fly.
The magic happens with set -a && ... && set +a which can be some content or a file.
#!/bin/sh
set -a
SOMEVAR_A="abcd"
SOMEVAR_B="efgh"
SOMEVAR_C=123456
set +a
# or
set -a && . ./file && set +a
I have a docker-entrypoint.sh with:
#!/bin/sh
node app/config/set-environment.js
ENVFILE=/tmp/.env
if [[ ! -f "$ENVFILE" ]] ; then
echo "File $ENVFILE is not there, aborting."
exit
fi
# here is where things happen
set -a && . $ENVFILE && set +a
if [ "${NODE_ENV}" = "development" ]; then
npx nodemon app/server.js
else
node app/server.js
fi
exec "$#"
While set-environment.js generates a (tmp) .env file
I was getting undefined after setting a system env var. When I put APP_VERSION in the User env var, then I can display the value from node via process.env.APP_VERSION
in case you're using visual studio code debugging feature, you can add "envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env" to launch configuration. This way you don't have to use dotenv.
{
"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
"command": "npm start",
"name": "Run be",
"request": "launch",
"type": "node-terminal",
"envFile": "${workspaceRoot}/.env"
},
Make a file called local-env and populate it with variables
PORT=80
DB_NAME=foo
SOME_URL=example.com
Now run node thusly:
source ./local_env ; node index.js
Use cross-env. It will save you a lot of headache
npm i -S cross-env
cross-env PARAM=value node ./index.js
That's usually good for non-credentials. For things like credentials and keys
it's better not to store hardcoded user id and password but use .env file which is not in repo and dotenv