In theory I understand how Microservices work and why they can be helpful in various cases but I still don´t get how it works in practice.
Let´s say there´s an online shop based on a CMS as a monolith application.
And there´s now the need to run the online shop in a MIcroservices architecture.
How would this Microservices architecture differ technically from the current, monolith, architecture?
For example, I pick out the productsearch.php. If i want to scale this function, normally I had to set up a new server and copy the whole CMS ressources folder to it for loadbalancing.
And with Microservices, productsearch.php would be a single Microservice I guess, and I would have to just copy this php file to scale without the need to copy other ressources?
I have tried to explain it using this diagram of a fictitious CMS. With micro services architecture, we can independently scale each micro service. Each micro service may be developed by a different team, they may be even developed using different technology. But we great flexibility comes great maintenance overhead, I believe it is worth it as most of it can be automated.
Put simply, each module in a molithic application is a potential candidate for microservice. Howerver, microservices can be more granular than a traditional module.
This provides a good job at explaining how to decompose your monolithic application. http://microservices.io/patterns/decomposition/decompose-by-business-capability.html
Technically and conceptually, a microservice is independent of other services (where in a monolith you'd have modules with inter-dependencies).
Technically, a microservice built on modern microservices platforms (such as Node.JS, Spring Boot or .NetCore) will be more easily able to take advantages of containerization systems (such as Docker), perhaps supported by service registry and configuration management technologies (such as Kubernetes, ZooKeeper, Eureka and so on).
The advantage of containerization is that it'll be easier to scale-out (add more containers). Going further, the whole microservice / containerization concepts, and related technologies, also help enable things like CI/CD.
Related
I am new in microservices. I am coming from monolithic background in current environment i have different kinds services for different purposes like search, file, email, notification. I have taken so many courses but in that the instructor separate each entity and make it's own database also create API for that(like separate shopping cart entity, product entity) it makes no sense, I am not getting what is real world use of microservices or how to make separate component to build it's own microservice.
Can anyone give Real Project example?
Thanks in advance
Read this and this. Also look here and here. I don't think that anyone will give a link to the real working project, so you can try this.
I am not getting what is real world use of microservices
mostly as you heard in all of those tutorials the microservices architecture leverage advantages of:
the smaller services are easy to maintain and develop
easily can scale specific services rather than the whole project(monolith). for example you scale service-1 to 4 instances that request traffic split into these 4 instance and service-2 to 2 instances and go on (load balance). and these services may distributed in to different servers and locations.
if one service failed to work it does not terminate the whole system since they are independent.
services can be reusable for other scenarios or features.
small team can works for each services and its easy to manage both project and development flow.
and also it suffer from disadvantages of
services are simple and small but all as a whole system is complex so designing part are very critical.
poor performance and it requires do some extras to improve the performance (different types of caching on different levels).
transactions are complex and its developments are time costly. imagine simple update should be projected to other services if its required and you have to consider failure and rollback strategy ( SAGA ).
how to make separate component to build it's own microservice
this is the most challenging part of microservices. you need deep study on Domain driven design DDD.
Decompose by subdomain
Decompose by Business Capabilities
Can anyone give Real Project example?
there are many projects the develop microservices with different patterns. I think you have to start your own and make your hands dirty.
Micro-frontend is a microservice approach to frontend web development.
Microservice is an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of small autonomous services, modeled around a business domain.
But
What are the main differences beetween micro-frontend and microservices?.
Microservices are related to back-end side functionalities while
Microfrontends is related to the frontend & the idea is to divide your application on the client side.
This division is especially helpful when you have a group of many developers working over the same product/codebase.
Take a look at the below links for understanding the difference, the idea of micro-frontends & their pros and cons.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BuRB3djraeM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bnmy5zMY14s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asqgKaUMXq0
Just naming. Microfrontend is client version of microservices. You can implement your frontend as multiple applications (microfrontends). On backend side you create multiple deployables (microservices) to build an application. Of course, there are some patterns and best practices (API Gateway, Service Discovery etc.) for microservices and microfrontends which may not be applicable to one or differ between each other. However the main idea is same.
I need your help in Loopback Framework.
Actually, my need is how we can achieve Microservices related functionality with Loopback Framework.
Please share any links/tutorials/knowledge if you have any.
I have gone through below links,
https://strongloop.com/strongblog/creating-a-multi-tenant-connector-microservice-using-loopback/
I have downloaded the related demo from below links but doesn't work it.
https://github.com/strongloop/loopback4-example-microservices
https://github.com/strongloop/loopback-example-facade
Thanks,
Basically it depends on your budget and size of your system. You can make some robust and complex implementations using tools like Spring Cloud or KrakenD. As a matter of fact, your question is too broad. I've some microservices architecture knowledge and I can recommend just splitting your functionality into containerized solutions, probably orchestrated by Kubernetes. In that way, you can expose for example, the User microservice with loopback, and another Authentication microservice with loopback and/or any other language/framework.
You could (but shouldn't) add communication between those microservices (as you should expose some REST functionality) with something like gRPC.
The biggest cloud providers have some already made solutions, eg AWS has ECS or Fargate. For GCP you have Kubernetes.
We have created an open source catalog of microservices which can be used in any microservice project using LB4. Also, you can get an idea of how to create microservices using LB4. https://github.com/sourcefuse/loopback4-microservice-catalog
I am working on a monolith system. All of it's code is in one repository (Web API and background workers). System is written in Nodejs and MongoDB (Mongoose) is used as a data store. My goal is to set a new path how project should evolve. At first I was wondering if I could move towards microservices based architecture.
Monolith architecture creates some problems:
If my background workers needs to scale. I have to deploy all the project to the server despite only using a small fraction of it.
All system must be redeployed when code changes. What if payment processor calls webhook while system is being redeployed?
Using microsevices advantages are quite obvious:
Smaller code base for individual microservice. Easier to reason about it.
Ability to select programming tools best for particular use case.
Easier to scale.
Looking at the current code I noticed that Mongoose ODM (Object Document Mapper) models are used across all the project to create, query and update models in database. As a principle of a good programming all such interactions with database should be abstracted. Business logic should not leak into other system layers. I could do that by introducing REPOSITORY pattern (Domain Driven Design). While code is still being shared across web api and it's background workers it is not a hard task to do.
If i decide to extract repositories into standalone microservices than all bunch of problems arise:
Some sort of query language must be introduced to accommodate complex search queries.
Interface must provide a way to iterate over search results (cursor based navigation) without returning all database documents over network.
Since project is in it's early stage and I am the only developer, going to microservices based architecture seems like an overkill. Maybe there are other approaches I should consider?
Extracting business logic and interaction with database into separate repository and sharing among services to avoid complex communication protocols between services?
Based on my experience with working in Microservices for last few years, it seems like an overkill in current scenario but pays off in long-term.
Based on the information stated above, my thoughts are:
Code Structure - Microservices Architecture (MSA) applying in above context means not separating DAO, Business Logic etc. rather is more on the designing system as per business functions. For example, if it is an eCommerce application, then you can shipping, cart, search as separate services, which can further be divided into smaller services. Read it more about domain-driven design here.
Deployment Unit - Keeping microservices apps as an independent deployment unit is a key principle. Hence, keep a vertical slice of the application and package them as Docker Image with Application Code, App Server (if any), Database and OS (Linux etc.)
Communication - With MSA, communication between services become a key and hence general practice is to remain with the message-oriented approach for communication (read about the reactive system and reactive programming for more insight).
PaaS Solution - There are multiple PaaS solutions available, which you can apply so that you don't need to worry about all the other aspects like container management, container orchestration, auto-scaling, configuration management, log management and monitoring etc. See following PaaS solutions:
https://www.nanoscale.io/ by TIBCO
https://fabric8.io/ - by RedHat
https://openshift.io - by RedHat
Cloud Vendor Platforms - AWS, Azure & Google Cloud all of them have specific support for Microservices App from the deployment perspective, which we can use as an alternative solution if you don't want to deploy PaaS solution in your organization.
Hope these pointers will have in understanding the overall landscape so that you can structure your architecture for future need.
I am working on a monolith system... My goal is to set a new path how project should evolve. At first I was wondering if I could move towards microservices based architecture.
In what ways do you need to evolve the project? Will it be mostly bugfixes, adding features, improving performance and/or scalability? Do you anticipate other developers collaborating in the future? Are you currently having maintenance issues? The answers to these questions (and many more) should be considered in guiding your choices.
You seem to be doing your homework around the pros and cons of a microservice architecture, so if you haven't asked yourself why you're even doing this in the first place, now would be good time to do so.
Maybe there are other approaches I should consider?
There's always the good old don't-break-what's-going ;)
I learned about microservices from here
Now, I want to use microservices architecture in my next sails.js project.
One way I could think of is:
Breaking my one sails.js application into multiple small sails.js sub-projects/repositories.
Having one controller-model in one sub-project. For example, If we consider simple eCommerce app with entities say User, Products, Orders, etc. then there will be separate sails.js repositories for each of them with respective sails.js model-controller. Then this single sub-repository will from my one microservice.
Each sub-repository then will obviously have its own configs.
These microservices will them communicate with each other using some HTTP node module.
Then writing my own API gateway for routing in node.js, which will be responsible for invoking methods/web-services from these sub-repositories depending on the request from clients.
Is this the best way OR is there alternative way to design your project using microservices architecture?
What will be the best way to implement inter-service communication, API gateway with sail.js? If one microservice designed with above mentioned approach get bigger, and if I have to split it up in 2, how sails.js model should be changed?
The most important aspect of designing microservices is the separation of concerns which means each microservice will have a defined boundary under which they need to work.
Each microservice is designed to do a defined work so, first you need to find the independent functionalities in you project and try to create a microservice for it.
The most important thing to note is you should first start with a monolithic architecture and if you identify that some functionalities needs to be separated then you can create a microservice out of it.
As far as sails is considered then it is a good candidate for MVC and if the project is monolithic but if the number of microservices is large then it is not a good choice because running large number of microservices with sails.js will consume more of your system RAM.Sails.js internally uses so many libraries which you will not need. You can make a simple microservice with just node.js core modules and they will consume less memory too.
Also when each microservices handles small functionalities so the amount of
code will be less and there is no need for mvc arcitecture. you can use less number libraries to create it.
Conclusion
If number of services is less and you don't worry about system RAM then go for multiple sails application.
If number of services going to be more then try to make your services without using sails
I agree with the previous answer and I would add that Sails is a great candidate for clustering and in an environment where you may wish to scale horizontally to improve availability. I do not believe sails is the right candidate for the micro service architecture, however it is most likely the focus for an application which requires the usage of multiple services in its own right.
I use a message service to glue together multiple applications, with sails consuming these messages in order to update a webpage. I probably see those applications as offering smaller services, with defined boundaries and my sails application as the front end, with the controller gluing what is necessary to satisfy the requirements of the end user.