Getting exception "A second operation started on this context before a previous operation completed. Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe."
Below is the code.
public Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
{
try
{
var userId =context.Session.GetString("UserId");
if (userId != null)
{
var user =_context.Users.Where(u => u.Id == userId).FirstOrDefault();
user.TimeStamp = DateTime.Now;
_context.SaveChanges();
}
else
{ }
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex.Message);
}
// Call the next delegate/middleware in the pipeline
return this._next(context);
}
I can't tell from your code but I'm guessing:
_context is your db context
you're injecting it via the ctor
As you've discovered, this probably won't work.
Instead, inject your db context via the Invoke method.
public Task Invoke(HttpContext context, YourDbContext dbContext)
{
try
{
var userId = context.Session.GetString("UserId");
if (userId != null)
{
var user = dbContext.Users.Where(u => u.Id == userId).FirstOrDefault();
...
}
}
catch(Exception ex){...}
}
This ensures you have a scoped instance of your db context, which should be threadsafe.
Related
I'm trying to develop watchOS 3 with Xamarin. My watch is communicating with parent application while it's active. When iOS app is killed or in background state, my watch doesn't receive any updated data. I'm sending request from the watch every 10 seconds in order to get updated data. I'm using WCSession for connection. The question is: is it possible to activate parent application from watch extension?
My functions for connectivity:
public void StartSession()
{
if (session != null)
{
session.Delegate = this;
session.ActivateSession();
Console.WriteLine($"Started Watch Connectivity Session on {Device}");
}
}
public override void SessionReachabilityDidChange(WCSession session)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Watch connectivity Reachable:{(session.Reachable ? '✓' : '✗')} from {Device}");
// handle session reachability change
if (session.Reachable)
{
// great! continue on with Interactive Messaging
}
else {
// 😥 prompt the user to unlock their iOS device
}
}
#region Application Context Methods
public void UpdateApplicationContext(Dictionary<string, object> applicationContext)
{
// Application context doesnt need the watch to be reachable, it will be received when opened
if (validSession != null)
{
try
{
var NSValues = applicationContext.Values.Select(x => new NSString(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(x))).ToArray();
var NSKeys = applicationContext.Keys.Select(x => new NSString(x)).ToArray();
var NSApplicationContext = NSDictionary<NSString, NSObject>.FromObjectsAndKeys(NSValues, NSKeys);
NSError error;
var sendSuccessfully = validSession.UpdateApplicationContext(NSApplicationContext, out error);
if (sendSuccessfully)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Sent App Context from {Device} \nPayLoad: {NSApplicationContext.ToString()} \n");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"Error Updating Application Context: {error.LocalizedDescription}");
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Exception Updating Application Context: {ex.Message}");
}
}
}
public override void DidReceiveApplicationContext(WCSession session, NSDictionary<NSString, NSObject> applicationContext)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Receiving Message on {Device}");
if (ApplicationContextUpdated != null)
{
var keys = applicationContext.Keys.Select(k => k.ToString()).ToArray();
var values = applicationContext.Values.Select(v => JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(v.ToString())).ToArray();
var dictionary = keys.Zip(values, (k, v) => new { Key = k, Value = v })
.ToDictionary(x => x.Key, x => x.Value);
ApplicationContextUpdated(session, dictionary);
}
}
#endregion
I'm pretty new with concurency and I'v hit the wall several times already.
Code pretty much describes everything, but just to clarify: user press the button, application send query to db and in the meantime statusLabel is set to:
Veryfing.
200ms
Veryfing..
200ms
Veryfing...
200ms
Result of query
I'v managed to achieve that, but now, I need to use result of query in another class (if it succeed, another window is opened), but It never does. I came to conclusion that it just checks the result before Task is finished so result is always false, I have no idea how to work around this, so another class checks condition once Task is done.
First, my Authorization class
public class Authorization {
private static String query = "";
private static boolean isValid;
private static Task<Void> task;
public static void verifyLogin(String username, String password) throws SQLException{
Status.get().unbind();
isValid = false;
task = new Task<Void>() {
#Override
protected Void call() throws SQLException {
while(!isCancelled()) {
try {
updateMessage("Weryfikacja.");
Thread.sleep(200);
updateMessage("Weryfikacja..");
Thread.sleep(200);
updateMessage("Weryfikacja...");
Thread.sleep(200);
if(username.equals("") || password.equals("")) {
task.cancel();
updateMessage("Pola nie mogą być puste");
} else {
query = "SELECT login FROM users WHERE login = ?";
Query.execute(query, username);
if(!Query.resultSet.next()) {
task.cancel();
updateMessage("Nie ma takiego użytkownika");
} else {
query = "SELECT password FROM users WHERE login = ?";
Query.execute(query, username);
if(Query.resultSet.next()) {
String passwordValue = Query.resultSet.getString(1);
if(!password.equals(passwordValue)) {
task.cancel();
updateMessage("Podane hasło jest błędne");
} else {
task.cancel();
updateMessage("");
isValid = true;
}
}
}
}
} catch(InterruptedException e) {
if(isCancelled()) {
break;
}
}
}
return null;
}
};
Status.get().bind(task.messageProperty());
new Thread(task).start();
}
public static boolean isValid() {
return isValid;
}
}
called from another class
private void login() {
if( SqlConnection.isConnected()) {
try{
Authorization.verifyLogin(String.valueOf(loginInput.getText()), String.valueOf(passwordInput.getText()));
if(Authorization.isValid()) {
//should go to next menu
//but never does
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Debug.log(e.toString());
}
}
}
edit#
Sorry for polish in updateMessage().
Your verifyLogin() method simply starts the verification process in another thread, and then exits immediately. The isValid flag will not be changed until that thread completes, which happens quite a lot later. If you want to do the verification process and then do something else, it doesn't really make sense to manage the threads in verifyLogin().
I don't really understand a lot of what your code is supposed to be doing; you have a while(...) loop, which as far as I can tell can only be executed once (so is redundant). You also seem to execute two SQL queries which are essentially the same. (The first checks to see if there is a row with a certain condition, then if there is, the second retrieves that row. Why not just retrieve the row and check if it is there?)
I would refactor this so that the validateLogin() method doesn't handle the threading at all, and just returns the result of the validation (e.g. a status string, but maybe something else would be appropriate).
/**
* #return An empty string if the login is valid, or an error message otherwise
*/
public static String verifyLogin(String username, String password) throws SQLException{
isValid = false ;
if(username.equals("") || password.equals("")) {
return "Pola nie mogą być puste";
}
query = "SELECT login, password FROM users WHERE login = ?";
Query.execute(query, username);
if(!Query.resultSet.next()) {
return "Nie ma takiego użytkownika";
}
String passwordValue = Query.resultSet.getString(2);
if(!password.equals(passwordValue)) {
return "Podane hasło jest błędne" ;
}
isValid = true;
return "" ;
}
Now I would manage the threads from the login() method. That way you can use the task's onSucceeded handler to execute code when the task completes:
private void login() {
if( SqlConnection.isConnected()) {
Task<String> verifyTask = new Task<String>() {
#Override
protected String call() throws SQLException {
return Authorization.verifyLogin(loginInput.getText(), passwordInput.getText());
}
};
// probably better to use a progress indicator or similar here, but:
Animation animation = new Timeline(
new KeyFrame(Duration.ZERO, e -> Status.get().set("Weryfikacja.")),
new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(200), e -> Status.get().set("Weryfikacja..")),
new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(400), e -> Status.get().set("Weryfikacja...")),
new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(600)));
animation.setCycleCount(Animation.INDEFINITE);
verifyTask.setOnSucceeded(event -> {
animation.stop();
Status.get().set(verifyTask.getValue());
if(Authorization.isValid()) { // or if (verifyTask.getValue().isEmpty())
// go to next menu
}
});
verifyTask.setOnFailed(event -> {
animation.stop();
verifyTask.getException().printStackTrace();
Debug.log(verifyTask.getException().toString());
}
animation.play();
new Thread(verifyTask()).start();
}
}
In the Azure app service mobile backend service, REST API requests are handled by TableController implementation. These methods can be invoked by using corresponding methods available in client SDKs. So, i can query for a particular entity and update its status from the client side.
But how to invoke them in the server side or within the same controller? For example, if I want to query for a particular todoItem and update its status from some custom method here like
Use LookUp(id) to get the item
Update the status
Use UpdateAsync(id, item)
Here I don't know how to create a Delta object of TodoItem to call UpdateAsync(id, patch) method.
public class TodoItemController : TableController<TodoItem>
{
protected override void Initialize(HttpControllerContext controllerContext)
{
base.Initialize(controllerContext);
initrackerserviceContext context = new initrackerserviceContext();
DomainManager = new EntityDomainManager<TodoItem>(context, Request);
}
// GET tables/TodoItem
public IQueryable<TodoItem> GetAllTodoItems()
{
return Query();
}
// GET tables/TodoItem/48D68C86-6EA6-4C25-AA33-223FC9A27959
public SingleResult<TodoItem> GetTodoItem(string id)
{
return Lookup(id);
}
// PATCH tables/TodoItem/48D68C86-6EA6-4C25-AA33-223FC9A27959
public Task<TodoItem> PatchTodoItem(string id, Delta<TodoItem> patch)
{
return UpdateAsync(id, patch);
}
// POST tables/TodoItem
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> PostTodoItem(TodoItem item)
{
TodoItem current = await InsertAsync(item);
return CreatedAtRoute("Tables", new { id = current.Id }, current);
}
// DELETE tables/TodoItem/48D68C86-6EA6-4C25-AA33-223FC9A27959
public Task DeleteTodoItem(string id)
{
return DeleteAsync(id);
}
}
Just use the standard Entity Framework mechanisms. For instance, to find and update a record with a status, you can just use the context:
var item = await context.TodoItems.Where(i => i.Id.Equals(myId)).FirstOrDefaultAsync<TodoItem>();
if (item != null) {
item.Complete = true;
context.Entry(item).State = EntityState.Modified;
await context.SaveChangesAsync();
}
My EF coding is not the greatest ad-hoc, but you should get the idea. Just do the Entity Framework thing.
It's better to use TableController.ReplaceAsync() method that is already implemented for us here in the source code of EntityDomainManager.
var item = Lookup(item.Id).Queryable.FirstOrDefault();
if (item != null)
{
item.Complete = true;
item = await ReplaceAsync(item.Id, item);
}
The ReplaceAsync() method correctly handles the exceptions, so I would not recommend working directly with the EF context.
Is it possible to delete entity while same is still in plugin update transaction?
It seems following code is not working. I need to delete entity when its get updated and some other circumstances
Something like:
protected void ExecutePosAnnotationtUpdate(LocalPluginContext localContext)
{
if (localContext == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("localContext");
}
if (localContext.PluginExecutionContext.Depth > 1) return;
Entity postEntityImage = null;
if (localContext.PluginExecutionContext.PostEntityImages.Contains("PostImage"))
{
if (localContext.PluginExecutionContext.PostEntityImages["PostImage"] != null)
{
postEntityImage = localContext.PluginExecutionContext.PostEntityImages["PostImage"];
}
}
Entity preEntityImage = null;
if (localContext.PluginExecutionContext.PreEntityImages.Contains("PreImage"))
{
if (localContext.PluginExecutionContext.PreEntityImages["PreImage"] != null)
{
preEntityImage = localContext.PluginExecutionContext.PreEntityImages["PreImage"];
}
}
if ((bool)postEntityImage.Attributes["isdocument"])
{
if ( some condition )
localContext.OrganizationService.Delete(postEntityImage.LogicalName, postEntityImage.Id);
}
}
`
Since you're updating, the record is there in Target.
public void Execute(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
{
var context = (IPluginExecutionContext)serviceProvider.GetService(typeof(IPluginExecutionContext));
var serviceFactory = (IOrganizationServiceFactory)serviceProvider.GetService(typeof(IOrganizationServiceFactory));
var service = serviceFactory.CreateOrganizationService(context.UserId);
var target = context.InputParameters["Target"] as Entity;
var condition = /* whatever */
if(condition)
{
service.Delete(target.LogicalName, target.Id);
}
}
Works as expected when attached to Update message, Post-Operation, Asynchronous. Works inside the Sandbox, also.
Records will not disappear at once, it takes some time (~20 seconds on my on-premise playground). If you make it Synchronous it will still work but alerts are going to come up because data disappears while being handled by the CRM during the update.
I got some questions regarding the use of threads, specially when you have to wait for a thread to be finished so you can perform other operations.
In my app, I use threads for operations such as http connections or when I read from or write to a RecordStore.
For example in the following class that I use to initialize my thread, I retrieve some customers from a webservice using the method called HttpQueryCustomers.
public class thrLoadCustomers implements Runnable {
private RMSCustomer mRMSCustomer;
private String mUrl;
public thrLoadCustomers(RMSCustomer rmsCust, String url) {
mRMSCustomer = rmsCust;
mUrl = url;
}
public void run() {
String jsonResultados = "";
try {
jsonResultados = HttpQueryCustomers();
} catch (IOException ex) {
//How to show a message from here??
} catch (SecurityException se) {
//How to show a message here??
} catch (NullPointerException npe) {
//How to show a message from here??
}
if (!jsonResultados.equals("")) {
try {
mRMSCustomer.save(jsonResultados);
} catch (RecordStoreException ex) {
//How to show a message from here???
}
}
}
public String HttpQueryCustomers() throws IOException,SecurityException,NullPointerException {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
HttpConnection hc = null;
InputStream is = null;
System.out.println(mUrl);
try {
hc = (HttpConnection) Connector.open(mUrl);
if (hc.getResponseCode() == HttpConnection.HTTP_OK) {
is = hc.openInputStream();
int ch;
while ((ch = is.read()) != -1) {
stringBuffer.append((char) ch);
}
}
} finally {
is.close();
hc.close();
}
String jsonData = stringBuffer.toString();
return jsonData.toString();
}
}
Notice in the above class that I pass a parameter called rmsCust of the type RMSCustomer
RMSCustomer is a class that I use to handle all the operations related to RMS:
public class RMSCustomer {
private String mRecordStoreName;
private Customer[] mCustomerList;
public RMSCustomer(String recordStoreName) {
mRecordStoreName = recordStoreName;
}
public Customer[] getCustomers() {
return mCustomerList;
}
public Customer get(int index) {
return mCustomerList[index];
}
public void save(String data) throws RecordStoreException,JSONException,NullPointerException {
RecordStore rs = null;
int idNuevoRegistro;
String stringJSON;
try {
rs = RecordStore.openRecordStore(mRecordStoreName, true);
JSONArray js = new JSONArray(data);
//Set the size of the array
mCustomerList = new Customer[js.length()];
for (int i = 0; i < js.length(); i++) {
JSONObject jsObj = js.getJSONObject(i);
stringJSON = jsObj.toString();
idNuevoRegistro = addRecord(stringJSON, rs);
//Add a new Customer to the array
mCustomerList[i] = initializeCustomer(stringJSON, idNuevoRegistro);
}
} finally {
if (rs != null) {
rs.closeRecordStore();
}
}
}
public int addRecord(String stringJSON, RecordStore rs) throws JSONException,RecordStoreException {
byte[] raw = stringJSON.getBytes();
int idNuevoRegistro = rs.addRecord(raw, 0, raw.length);
return idNuevoRegistro;
}
public Customer initializeCustomer(String stringJSON, int idRecord) throws JSONException {
Customer c = new Customer();
JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(stringJSON);
// Set Customer properties
//...
return c;
}
}
This class is used to show a list of customer and ,as you can see, it extends the List class and receives an array of Customers as a parameter.
public class ListCustomers extends List {
private final Customer[] mData;
public static ListCustomers create(Customer[] data) {
int i = 0;
for (; i < data.length; i++) {
if (data[i] == null) {
break;
}
}
String[] names = new String[i];
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
names[j] = data[j].name;
}
return new ListCustomers(names, data);
}
protected ListCustomers(String names[], Customer[] data) {
super("List of Customer", IMPLICIT, names, null);
mData = data;
}
public Customer getSelectedObject() {
return mData[this.getSelectedIndex()];
}
}
Finally this is how I call the thread from the MIDlet (using all the 3 previous classes) when I want to show a List of Customers:
private void showCustomerList(String url) {
showWaitForm();
if (scrCustomerList == null) {
rmsCustomers = new RMSCustomer("rmsCustomers");
thrLoadCustomers load = new thrLoadCustomers(rmsCustomers, url);
Thread t = new Thread(load);
t.start();
try {
t.join();
} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
}
scrCustomerList = ListCustomers.create(rmsCustomers.getCustomers());
scrCustomerList.addCommand(cmdSelect);
scrCustomerList.addCommand(cmdBack);
scrCustomerList.setCommandListener(this);
}
mDisplay.setCurrent(scrCustomerList);
}
Now here's the problems I have :
The showWaitForm() doesn't work (it sets a form with a Gauge as the
Current form)
I don't know how to show all the exceptions that might be thrown from
within the thrLoadCustomers class.
I don't know whether using t.join() is the best choice
The last question is about something the book I'm reading says :
Threads, in particular, can be a scarce commodity. The MSA
specification requires that an application must be allowed to create
ten threads. Just because you can doesn’t mean you should. In general,
try to use the fewest resources possible so that your application will
run as smoothly as possible
This is the first time a use threads, and in my app I might have up to 10 threads (classes). However, I will only execute once thread at the time, will I be going against what the previous quotation says??
I hope I'm not asking too many questions. Thank you very much for your help.
P.D Much of the code I posted here wouldn't have been possible with the help of Gregor Ophey
Question #1 is about a different problem not related to threading, and for which very little code is shown. I'd suggest you to post a new dedicated question with proper explanation of the issue.
Questions #2 and #3: You could define a wrapper class like this:
public class WSResult {
private boolean success; //true if the WS call went ok, false otherwise
private String errorMessage; //Error message to display if the WS call failed.
private Object result; //Result, only if the WS call succeeded.
private boolean completed = false;
//TODO getter and setters methods here
}
In your screen, you can create an instance of result and wait for it:
WSResult result = new WSResult();
//Start thread here
new Thread(new LoadCustomersTask(result)).start();
//This is old school thread sync.
synchronized(result){
while(!result.isCompleted()){
result.wait();
}
}
//Here the thread has returned, and we can diaplay the error message if any
if(result.isSuccess()){
} else {
//Display result.getErrorMessage()
}
Then your runnable would be like this:
class LoadCustomersTask implements Runnable {
private final WSResult result;
public LoadCustomersTask(WSResult res){
result = res;
}
public void run(){
//Do the WS call
//If it went well
result.setSuccess(true);
result.setResult(jsonResultados);
//Else
result.setSuccess(false);
result.setErrorMessage("Your error message");
//In any case, mark as completed
result.setcompleted(true);
//And notify awaiting threads
synchronized(result){
result.notifyAll();
}
}
}
You can also do it with thread.join, but wait/notify is better because you not making the screen depend on the particular thread where the runnable runs. You can wait/notify on the result instance, as shown, or on the runnable if it is intended for a single use.
Question #4: Yes threads must not be abused, specially in JavaME where programs usually run in single core CPUs with a frecuency in the order of MHz. Try not to have more than 1-3 threads running at the same time. If you really need to, consider using a single thread for running all background tasks (a blocking queue).