I have a string that contains substrings, which are separated by a set of chars like ,, ., -, ; and probably other. I need to split that string into as many substrings there are. And I need to understand how that splitting with that for loop works so I can add the other chars when needed.
Example:
set string=aaa,bbb.ccc-ddd;eee
for /f "tokens=1* delims=-.," %%a in ("%string%") do ( echo %%a, %%b )
I need to get to the result of 5 substrings in this example: aaa, bbb, ccc, ddd, eee. In that for loop I'd like to work with each of these substrings, like in a normal programming language. But this is killing me.
I get like aaa, bbb.ccc-ddd;eee. Only 2 substrings. What a I doing wrong? Also there might be a 1000 substrings.
FOR /F splits a line into multiple tokens (up to 31), but these tokens have to be defined.
for /f "tokens=1-31 delims=-.," %%a in ("%string%") do ( echo %%a, %%b, %%c %%d, %%e, %%f, ... )
But thats useless in your case with up to 100 tokens.
But you can force FOR /F to suppose it's getting multiple lines, and for each line the tokenization starts again.
(set \n=^
%=EMPTY=%
)
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
FOR %%L in ("!\n!") do (
set "multiLine=!string:-=%%~L!"
set "multiLine=!multiLine:;=%%~L!"
set "multiLine=!multiLine:,=%%~L!"
set "multiLine=!multiLine:.=%%~L!"
)
for /f "tokens=*" %%a in ("!multiLine!") do (
echo # %%a
)
First, it replaces all of your characters -,;. to a newline \n.
The FOR /F works on a per line basis, so you get in %%a one part in each loop
Related
Please, tell me what is wrong in my batch-script? The task is to compare files names in the specific folder with an integer variable. There are two issues:
Files names consist of numbers and may contain spaces and leading zeroes (e.g. 01.cmd, 0 02.cmd, 0 0 3.cmd, e.t.c.), which, I suppose, have to be deleted for further comparison with an integer variable.
Convert files names variable from string type to integer to compare with an integer variable.
Here is the text of the script:
SetLocal EnableDelayedExpansion
for /f "usebackq delims=" %%i in (`dir /b C:\tmp`) do
rem delete spaces in the files names
echo %%i
set i=%%i: =%
echo %%i &::this always returns me only the same file name
rem int - is an integer variable to compare with
rem in this way I tried to convert a file name to integer
if %int% lss %%i set /a int=%%i: =% 2>nul
In Linux Shell it would be much easy, but I'm not so familiar with batch scripting. And this script need to be run under Windows OS.
The filename variable can have a "name only" specifier; %%~nf. I assume you would want to omit directory names. The resulting number is in the !NUM! variable.
#Stephan is correct that numbers with leading zeros are considered octal. I have revised the script to remove leading zeros.
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
FOR /F "usebackq tokens=*" %%f IN (`DIR /A:-D /B`) DO (
SET "FN=%%~nf"
SET "NSN=!FN: =!x"
FOR /F "tokens=* delims=0" %%s in ("!NSN!") DO (SET "NSN=%%s")
SET "NSN=!NSN:~0,-1!"
SET /A "NUM=!NSN!"
ECHO NUM is !NUM!
)
I have a situation where I'm trying to keep a static list of related items in a string and parse them out as sets in a bat file.
SET RootPath=C:\Users\woodh\test\
SET FromPath=StuffFrom\
SET ToPath=StuffTo\
SET CTLNames='text1.txt,red_text1:text2.txt,white_text2:text3.txt,blue_text3:'
With CTLNames containing pairs of entries to be parsed and consumed in the job.
I did the following
:Step20
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
rem loop thru all files in the control list processing each pair at a time
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
FOR /F "delims=:" %%f IN (%CTLNames%) DO (
IF NOT "%%f" == "" (
CALL:BreakEntry "%%f"
)
)
:Finish
rem ----------------------------------------------------------------
rem -- Finish
rem ----------------------------------------------------------------
goto end
:BreakEntry
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
rem loop thru all files in the control list processing each entry one at a time
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
Set EntryLine=%~1
IF NOT "%EntryLine%" == "" (
ECHO %EntryLine%
FOR /F "tokens=1,2 delims=," %%a IN ("%EntryLine%") DO (
ECHO %%a
ECHO %%b
CALL:MoveThisFile %%a, %%b
)
)
goto:eof
But It's only processing the first pair of names and not continuing through the rest of the list.
Your question is confusing. You didn't explained what exactly is the purpose of your code nor the expected output, so we can only guess. So I guess that you have a series of pairs of values separated by colon, and that each pair of values is separated by comma. This way, the problem with your code is that for /F command does not iterate over several values when just one string is processed: the string is divided accordingly to "tokens and delims" options and the command is executed just one time. You need to use a different method to process all substring in the string.
This is the way I would do it:
#echo off
setlocal
SET "CTLNames=text1.txt,red_text1:text2.txt,white_text2:text3.txt,blue_text3:"
for %%f in ("%CTLNames::=" "%") do (
for /F "tokens=1,2 delims=," %%a in (%%f) do (
echo %%a
echo %%b
echo CALL :MoveThisFile %%a, %%b
)
)
I suggest you to remove the #echo off line and execute the program, so you may review what exactly is executed.
The reason why it doesn't work as expected (it only prints the 1st pair), is because for /f works on lines; CTLNames only consists of a line so a single iteration is needed.
The confusing part is that it still printed the 1st pair...that is because it actually did the split (on the 1st :) but by default for only cares about the 1st token (before the delim) and drops the rest. You can convince yourself by changing the line to:
FOR /F "tokens=* delims=:" %%f IN (%CTLNames%) DO (
you'll see that the value of %%f (because we instructed it to take all the tokens into account) is the whole line.
The reason why I asked if the COLON(:) is mandatory as a separator between pairs, is because you can also iterate over a non numeric list - no /f flag, but here you can't specify the delimiter so you must use a regular one: SPACE( ), COMMA(,), SEMICOLON(;), TAB, and maybe others (anyway COLON is not one of them) - so this loop:
for %%f in (text1.txt:red_text1 text2.txt:white_text2 text3.txt:blue_text3;) do (
echo %%f
)
- note that I used 3 separators: TAB, SPACE and SEMICOLON in the for loop (not sure how visible it is) -
would yield:
text1.txt:red_text1
text2.txt:white_text2
text3.txt:blue_text3
Or you could use regular separators everywhere, and give up at the pair concept altogether, but I don't know if this is what you want.
I wasn't able to solve the problem using COLON as a separator from a single for loop, but I was able to find a way. Here's your script (slightly modified):
#ECHO OFF
rem ECHO %CTLNames%
CALL :Step20 "%CTLNames%"
GOTO :eof
:Step20
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
rem loop thru all files in the control list processing each pair at a time
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
IF "" == "%~1" GOTO :eof
FOR /F "tokens=1* delims=:" %%f IN ("%~1") DO (
rem echo f: %%f
CALL :BreakEntry "%%f"
CALL :Step20 "%%g%
)
GOTO :eof
:BreakEntry
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
rem loop thru all files in the control list processing each entry one at a time
rem -----------------------------------------------------------------
Set EntryLine=%~1
ECHO %EntryLine%
FOR /F "tokens=1,2 delims=," %%a IN ("%EntryLine%") DO (
ECHO %%a
ECHO %%b
rem CALL :MoveThisFile %%a, %%b
)
GOTO :eof
The main thing is (besides other small changes) that Step20 is a recursive function (label), and it uses the for loop to split the line, it processes the 1st token, then it calls itself on the remaining tokens (until there are no more left).
Note: the single quotes surrounding CTLNames should be removed.
I wrote this code so I can remove a column from a csv file.
#echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
type nul > tmp.txt
SET /A COUNT=0
for /F "tokens=*" %%A in (d.csv) do (
set LINE="%%A"
set /A COUNT+=1
for /F "tokens=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,* delims=," %%a in (!LINE!) do (
set row[0]=%%a
set row[1]=%%b
set row[2]=%%c
set row[3]=%%d
set row[4]=%%e
set row[5]=%%f
set row[6]=%%g
set row[7]=%%h
)
echo !row[0]!,!row[2]!,!row[3]!,!row[4]!,!row[5]!,!row[6]! >>tmp.txt
echo.
)
endlocal
Test file:
A1,B1,C1,D1,la la,,1
A2,B2,C2,D2, ,fef 3,
A3,B3,C3,D3,be be ,bo,bo 1
A4,B4,C4,D4,tu tu,tu 7,881
Output file:
A1,C1,D1,la la,1,
A2,C2,D2, ,fef 3,
A3,C3,D3,be be ,bo,bo 1
A4,C4,D4,tu tu,tu 7,881
I don't get why in the output file at the first line the ,, is eliminated and a , added at the end. Also I am wondering if there is a better way to do this.
Thanks!
#ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
(
FOR /f "delims=" %%a IN (q29441490.txt) DO (
SET "line=%%a"
SET "line=!line:,= , !"
FOR /f "tokens=1,2*delims=," %%p IN ("!line!") DO (
SET "line=%%p,%%r"
SET "line=!line: , =,!"
ECHO(!line!
)
)
)>u:\newfile.txt
GOTO :EOF
I used a file named q29441490.txt containing your data for my testing.
Produces u:\newfile.txt
the separators between tokens are delimiter sequences, so ,, is seen as one separator, hence the fields appear moved by one place.
Grab each line, replace each , with , tokenise (you don't say explicitly, but you appear to want to eliminate the second column) so %%q gets the first column and %%r the remainder of the line following the second. Concatenate these, insert the comma and then reverse the substitution.
If you wanted to eliminate another column, then a different tokens element should be specified and the restructure of the line would need to be adjusted.
I'm working with very large FIX message log files. Each message represents a set of tags separated by SOH characters.
Unlike MQ messages, individual FIX tags (and overall messages) do not feature fixed length or position. Log may include messages of different types (with a different number & sequence of tags).
Sample (of one of many types of messages):
07:00:32 -SEND:8=FIX.4.0(SOH)9=55(SOH)35=0(SOH)34=2(SOH)43=N(SOH)52=20120719-11:00:32(SOH)49=ABC(SOH)56=XYZ(SOH)10=075
So the only certain things are as follows: (1) tag number with equal sign uniquely identifies the tag, (2) tags are delimited by SOH characters.
For specific tags (just a few of them at a time, not all of them), I need to get a list of their distinct values - something like this:
49=ABC 49=DEF 49=GHI...
Format of the output doesn't really matter.
I would greatly appreciate any suggestions and recommendations.
Kind regards,
Victor O.
Option 1
The batch script below has decent performance. It has the following limitations
It ignores case when checking for duplicates.
It may not properly preserve all values that contain = in the value
EDIT - My original code did not support = in the value at all. I lessened that limitation by adding an extra SOH character in the variable name, and changed the delims used to parse the value. Now the values can contain = as long as unique values are differentiated before the =. If the values differentiate after the = then only one value will be preserved.
Be sure to fix the definition of the SOH variable near the top.
The name of the log file is passed as the 1st parameter, and the list of requested tags is passed as the 2nd parameter (enclosed in quotes).
#echo off
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
:: Fix the definition of SOH before running this script
set "SOH=<SOH>"
set LF=^
:: The above 2 blank lines are necessary to define LF, do not remove.
:: Make sure there are no existing tag_ variables
for /f "delims==" %%A in ('2^>nul set tag_') do set "%%A="
:: Read each line and replace SOH with LF to allow iteration and parsing
:: of each tag/value pair. If the tag matches one of the target tags, then
:: define a tag variable where the tag and value are incorporated in the name.
:: The value assigned to the variable does not matter. Any given variable
:: can only have one value, so duplicates are removed.
for /f "usebackq delims=" %%A in (%1) do (
set "ln=%%A"
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
for %%L in ("!LF!") do set "ln=!ln:%SOH%=%%~L!"
for /f "eol== tokens=1* delims==" %%B in ("!ln!") do (
if "!!"=="" endlocal
if "%%C" neq "" for %%D in (%~2) do if "%%B"=="%%D" set "tag_%%B%SOH%%%C%SOH%=1"
)
)
:: Iterate the defined tag_nn variables, parsing out the tag values. Write the
:: values to the appropriate tag file.
del tag_*.txt 2>nul
for %%A in (%~2) do (
>"tag_%%A.txt" (
for /f "tokens=2 delims=%SOH%" %%B in ('set tag_%%A') do echo %%B
)
)
:: Print out the results to the screen
for %%F in (tag_*.txt) do (
echo(
echo %%F:
type "%%F"
)
Option 2
This script has almost no limitations, but it significantly slower. The only limitation I can see is it will not allow a value to start with = (the leading = will be discarded).
I create a temporary "search.txt" file to be used with the FINDSTR /G: option. I use a file instead of a command line search string because of FINDSTR limitations. Command line search strings cannot match many characters > decimal 128. Also the escape rules for literal backslashes are inconsistent on the command line. See What are the undocumented features and limitations of the Windows FINDSTR command? for more info.
The SOH definition must be fixed again, and the 1st and 2nd arguments are the same as with the 1st script.
#echo off
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
:: Fix the definition of SOH before running this script
set "SOH="
set lf=^
:: The above 2 blank lines are necessary to define LF, do not remove.
:: Read each line and replace SOH with LF to allow iteration and parsing
:: of each tag/value pair. If the tag matches one of the target tags, then
:: check if the value already exists in the tag file. If it doesn't exist
:: then append it to the tag file.
del tag_*.txt 2>nul
for /f "usebackq delims=" %%A in (%1) do (
set "ln=%%A"
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
for %%L in ("!LF!") do set "ln=!ln:%SOH%=%%~L!"
for /f "eol== tokens=1* delims==" %%B in ("!ln!") do (
if "!!"=="" endlocal
set "search=%%C"
if defined search (
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
>search.txt (echo !search:\=\\!)
endlocal
for %%D in (%~2) do if "%%B"=="%%D" (
findstr /xlg:search.txt "tag_%%B.txt" || >>"tag_%%B.txt" echo %%C
) >nul 2>nul
)
)
)
del search.txt 2>nul
:: Print out the results to the screen
for %%F in (tag_*.txt) do (
echo(
echo %%F:
type %%F
)
Try this batch file. Add the log file name as parameter. e.g.:
LISTTAG.BAT SOH.LOG
It will show all tag id and its value that is unique. e.g.:
9=387
12=abc
34=asb73
9=123
12=xyz
Files named tagNNlist.txt (where NN is the tag id number) will be made for finding unique tag id and values, but are left intact as reports when the batch ends.
The {SOH} text shown in below code is actually the SOH character (ASCII 0x01), so after you copy & pasted the code, it should be changed to an SOH character. I have to substitute that character since it's stripped by the server. Use Wordpad to generate the SOH character by typing 0001 then press ALT+X. The copy & paste that character into notepad with the batch file code.
One thing to note is that the code will only process lines starting at column 16. The 07:00:32 -SEND: in your example line will be ignored. I'm assuming that they're all start with that fixed-length text.
Changes:
Changed generated tag list file into separate files by tag IDs. e.g.: tag12list.txt, tag52list.txt, etc.
Removed tag id numbers in generated tag list file. e.g.: 12=abc become abc.
LISTTAG.BAT:
#echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
if "%~1" == "" (
echo No source file specified.
goto :eof
)
if not exist "%~1" (
echo Source file not found.
goto :eof
)
echo Warning! All "tagNNlist.txt" file in current
echo directory will be deleted and overwritten.
echo Note: The "NN" is tag id number 0-99. e.g.: "tag99list.txt"
pause
echo.
for /l %%a in (0,1,99) do if exist tag%%alist.txt del tag%%alist.txt
for /f "usebackq delims=" %%a in ("%~1") do (
rem *****below two lines strip the first 15 characters (up to "-SEND:")
set x=%%a
set x=!x:~15,99!
rem *****9 tags per line
for /f "tokens=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 delims={SOH}" %%b in ("!x!") do (
call :dotag "%%b" %*
call :dotag "%%c"
call :dotag "%%d"
call :dotag "%%e"
call :dotag "%%f"
call :dotag "%%g"
call :dotag "%%h"
call :dotag "%%i"
call :dotag "%%j"
)
)
echo.
echo Done.
goto :eof
rem dotag "{id=value}"
:dotag
for /f "tokens=1,2 delims==" %%p in (%1) do (
set z=0
if exist tag%%plist.txt (
call :chktag %%p "%%q"
) else (
rem>tag%%plist.txt
)
if !z! == 0 (
echo %%q>>tag%%plist.txt
echo %~1
)
)
goto :eof
rem chktag {id} "{value}"
:chktag
for /f "delims=" %%y in (tag%1%list.txt) do (
if /i "%%y" == %2 (
set z=1
goto :eof
)
)
goto :eof
I am brand new to batch.
My intention is writing a batch that read every line from a file, and depends on the line read in do some different tasks. Here is some sample
#echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
for /f "usebackq delims=" %%a in (test.txt) do (
echo %%a
*if %%a contains abc do (other tasks)*
)
In addition, can I detect a "newline" in batch??
if the test.txt looks like:
123
345
abckdla
abd
abd
abc
test
can I print "this is a new line" when the for loop is at row4 and row8 of test.txt??
Great thanks to your time.
There are two questions in your post
1.- Checking if a variable contains a substring.
try this
#echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
for /f "tokens=*" %%a in (test.txt) do (
set tst=%%a
set tst=!tst:ab=!
if not !tst!==%%a (
echo %%a contains ab
) else (
echo %%a does not contain ab
)
)
see HELP SET for more detailed information.
2.- the FOR command skips blank lines. Try HELP FOR and read "Blank lines are skipped".
There are convoluted solutions involving for example TYPE and FIND I would try to avoid unless strictly necessary.