I am creating a script that should wait until a certain file (e.g. stop.dat) appears or after certain time (e.g. 500 Seconds) has passed.
I know how to wait until the file appears:
while [ ! -f ./stop.dat ]; do
sleep 30
done
How can I add the other statement in my while loop?
If you want to do it this way, then you can do something like:
nap=30; slept=0
while [ ! -f ./stop.dat ] && ((slept<500)); do
sleep $nap;
slept=$((slept+nap))
done
Using inotifywait instead of polling would be a more proper way of doing it.
you could memorize the time and compare with current time in the loop condition
echo -n "before: "
date
t1=$(( $(date +"%s" ) + 15 )) #15 for testing or … your 500s later
while [ $(date +"%s") -lt $t1 ] #add other condition with -a inside the [ ] which is shortcut for `test` command, in case you want to use `man`
do
sleep 3 #do stuff
done
echo -n "after: "
date
Related
With the time script.sh you will get the time it took to run a script, BUT if you want to time a part of the script?
let's say I want to test how long a loop takes, I could use the $SECONDS function, but is there any timer that counts milliseconds?
for example in the middle of a long code:
timerstart
until [[ $loop -eq 10000 ]]; do
((++loop))
echo "annoying"
done
timerstop
and then in the end of the script, I just add echo $timerresult , and it will display how many milliseconds it took to run only the selected code, and not the rest of the script
I'm looking for this solution so I can test parts of scripts for "slowness"..
is this possible to solve?
For Bash 5.0 and later, you can use $EPOCHREALTIME:
[...] it expands to the number of seconds since the Unix Epoch as a floating point value with micro-second granularity [...]
start=$EPOCHREALTIME
for ((i = 0; i < 10000; ++i)); do
echo "annoying"
done
stop=$EPOCHREALTIME
elapsed=$(bc -l <<< "$stop - $start")
You can use
date '+%s.%N'
to get the current time with nanosecond precision.
#!/bin/bash
start=$(date '+%s.%N')
until [[ $loop -eq 10000 ]]; do
((++loop))
echo "annoying"
done
stop=$(date '+%s.%N')
bc <<< $stop-$start
You can use time in the script for individual parts too, e.g. to time the loop:
time until [[ $loop -eq 10000 ]]; do
((++loop))
echo "annoying"
done
or with a brace group to time a group of commands:
time {
until [[ $loop -eq 10000 ]]; do
((++loop))
done
echo "Other commands here that are also timed"
}
Put the loop in a function.
#!/bin/bash
myloop() {
loop=1
until [[ $loop -eq 10000 ]]; do
((++loop))
echo "annoying"
done
}
time myloop
I have a control file file.txt that always changes in value anytime depends on the other proccess.
The value of the file is like 1, 2, or 3.
I want to execute my new job when the value of control file is 3. So i need to check first the control file before do the execution job.
I was try while loop below using sleep for a moment and retry the proccess automatically every 5 seconds for 3 times, but the retry proccess is not running. How i resolved this?
#!/bin/bash
myname="kyy"
while read file; do
if [ $file == 2 ]; then
echo "`date +%Y%m%d:%H:%M:%S:%N` [ERROR]:-Value of Control File : $file "
echo "`date +%Y%m%d:%H:%M:%S:%N` [NOTICE]:-Nothing to do.. Script will exiting.."
else
echo "`date +%Y%m%d:%H:%M:%S:%N` [SUCCESS]:-Go to next step "
echo "`date +%Y%m%d:%H:%M:%S:%N` [SUCCESS]:-My name is $myname "
fi
sleep 3
((c++)) && ((c==3)) && break
done < /home/hcuseros/file.txt
This would be a simple way, where you only need to fill in your commands depending on the outcome of the test:
for i in {1..3}; do
file=$(cat test.txt)
if [ $file -eq "3" ]; then
...
else
...
fi
sleep 5
done
So I'm new to bash and I have to make a script that include dynamically echoing lines with changing timestamps HH:MM.
So when I give say
sh run.sh 03:40 05:40
It should echo all the times between the given range
Ex: 03:31 03:32 ........ 05:39 05:40
I know it really simple with loops but I'm not able to figure it out.Any Help?
I have this not so good code which doesnt work as of now.
echo "Enter from Hour:"
read fromhr
echo "Enter from Min:"
read frommin
echo "Enter to Hour:"
read tohr
echo "Enter to Min:"
read tomin
while [ $fromhr -le $tohr ]; do
while [ $frommin -le $tomin ]; do
echo "$fromhr:$frommin"
if [ $frommin -eq 60 ]; then
frommin=0
break
fi
((frommin++))
done
if [ $fromhr -eq 24 ]; then
fromhr=0
fi
((fromhr++))
done
Example 1: Use bash only, faster:
#!/bin/bash
# - input data
fh=03 # from hour
th=05 # to hour
fm=30 # from minute
tm=30 # to minute
for ((h=fh;h<=th;h++)); do
for ((m=0;m<=59;m++)); do
[[ $h -le $fh && $m -lt $fm ]] && continue
[[ $h -ge $th && $m -gt $tm ]] && break
printf '%02d:%02d\n' $h $m
done
done
Example 2: use date to convert back and forth, shorter code, but much slower:
#!/bin/bash
# 1) input data
ft='03:30' # from time
tt='05:30' # to time
# 2) convert to Epochtime (second)
f=`date +%s -d "$ft"` # from
t=`date +%s -d "$tt"` # to
for ((s=f;s<=t;s+=60)); do # 60 seconds = 1 minute
date +%H:%M -d #$s # convert from Epochtime to H:M
done
Note that if you're comparing that from is less than to, you're unlikely to ever reach the hour/date change. Say, iterating from 20:00 to 05:00 won't even happen; and if you iterate from 12:38 to 17:12, there won't be any minutes changed (the inner loop's condition is instantly false). Few steps are suggested.
Change each condition's operator to -ne' rather than-le'.
Move both increments (frommin++ and fromhr++) BEFORE the respective overflow checks (otherwise you will constantly see 24 hours and 60 minutes in the output).
Try this and see if you want to beautify it even more.
Sample code:
#!/bin/bash
# Convert the given start/end time to seconds
# Replace time string with required HH:MM value
start_t=`date -d "03:30" +%s`
end_t=`date -d "03:33" +%s`
while [ ${start_t} -le ${end_t} ]; do
# Print time in HH:MM format
date -d #${start_t} +"%H:%M"
# Increment minute part
start_t=$(expr ${start_t} + 60)
done
I am writing a script in bash to calculate the time elapsed for the execution of my commands, consider:
STARTTIME=$(date +%s)
#command block that takes time to complete...
#........
ENDTIME=$(date +%s)
echo "It takes $($ENDTIME - $STARTTIME) seconds to complete this task..."
I guess my logic is correct however I end up with the following print out:
"It takes seconds to complete this task..."
Anything wrong with my string evaluation?
I believe bash variables are untyped, I would love if there is a "string to integer" method in bash nevertheless.
I find it very clean to use the internal variable "$SECONDS"
SECONDS=0 ; sleep 10 ; echo $SECONDS
Either $(()) or $[] will work for computing the result of an arithmetic operation. You're using $() which is simply taking the string and evaluating it as a command. It's a bit of a subtle distinction.
As tink pointed out in the comments on this answer, $[] is deprecated, and $(()) should be favored.
You are trying to execute the number in the ENDTIME as a command. You should also see an error like 1370306857: command not found. Instead use the arithmetic expansion:
echo "It takes $((ENDTIME - STARTTIME)) seconds to complete this task..."
You could also save the commands in a separate script, commands.sh, and use time command:
time commands.sh
You can use Bash's time keyword here with an appropriate format string
TIMEFORMAT='It takes %R seconds to complete this task...'
time {
#command block that takes time to complete...
#........
}
Here's what the reference says about TIMEFORMAT:
The value of this parameter is used as a format string specifying how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the time
reserved word should be displayed. The ‘%’ character introduces an
escape sequence that is expanded to a time value or other information.
The escape sequences and their meanings are as follows; the braces
denote optional portions.
%%
A literal ‘%’.
%[p][l]R
The elapsed time in seconds.
%[p][l]U
The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.
%[p][l]S
The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.
%P
The CPU percentage, computed as (%U + %S) / %R.
The optional p is a digit specifying the precision, the number of fractional digits after a decimal point. A value of 0 causes no
decimal point or fraction to be output. At most three places after the
decimal point may be specified; values of p greater than 3 are changed
to 3. If p is not specified, the value 3 is used.
The optional l specifies a longer format, including minutes, of the form MMmSS.FFs. The value of p determines whether or not the
fraction is included.
If this variable is not set, Bash acts as if it had the value
$'\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\t%3lS'
If the value is null, no timing information is displayed. A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
For larger numbers we may want to print in a more readable format. The example below does same as other but also prints in "human" format:
secs_to_human() {
if [[ -z ${1} || ${1} -lt 60 ]] ;then
min=0 ; secs="${1}"
else
time_mins=$(echo "scale=2; ${1}/60" | bc)
min=$(echo ${time_mins} | cut -d'.' -f1)
secs="0.$(echo ${time_mins} | cut -d'.' -f2)"
secs=$(echo ${secs}*60|bc|awk '{print int($1+0.5)}')
fi
echo "Time Elapsed : ${min} minutes and ${secs} seconds."
}
Simple testing:
secs_to_human "300"
secs_to_human "305"
secs_to_human "59"
secs_to_human "60"
secs_to_human "660"
secs_to_human "3000"
Output:
Time Elapsed : 5 minutes and 0 seconds.
Time Elapsed : 5 minutes and 5 seconds.
Time Elapsed : 0 minutes and 59 seconds.
Time Elapsed : 1 minutes and 0 seconds.
Time Elapsed : 11 minutes and 0 seconds.
Time Elapsed : 50 minutes and 0 seconds.
To use in a script as described in other posts (capture start point then call the function with the finish time:
start=$(date +%s)
# << performs some task here >>
secs_to_human "$(($(date +%s) - ${start}))"
Try the following code:
start=$(date +'%s') && sleep 5 && echo "It took $(($(date +'%s') - $start)) seconds"
This is a one-liner alternative to Mike Q's function:
secs_to_human() {
echo "$(( ${1} / 3600 ))h $(( (${1} / 60) % 60 ))m $(( ${1} % 60 ))s"
}
try using time with the elapsed seconds option:
/usr/bin/time -f%e sleep 1 under bash.
or \time -f%e sleep 1 in interactive bash.
see the time man page:
Users of the bash shell need to use an explicit path in order to run
the external time command and not the shell builtin variant. On system
where time is installed in /usr/bin, the first example would become
/usr/bin/time wc /etc/hosts
and
FORMATTING THE OUTPUT
...
% A literal '%'.
e Elapsed real (wall clock) time used by the process, in
seconds.
Combining internal variable "$SECONDS" in Lon Kaut's answer with ssc's one-liner under Internal Server Error's answer:
SECONDS=0
sleep 2s
echo "Elapsed time: $((SECONDS/3600))h $(((SECONDS/60)%60))m $((SECONDS%60))s"
($/${} is unnecessary on arithmetic variables)
This is an old post and it seems that everybody like writing too much code here. But actually, you only need 3 lines of simple bash code in order to you can show properly the elapsed time in a well-formatted way.
START_TIME=$(date +%s)
# put your code here
ELAPSED=$(($(date +%s) - START_TIME))
printf "elapsed: %s\n\n" "$(date -d#$ELAPSED -u +%H\ hours\ %M\ min\ %S\ sec)"
This produces the following result:
elapsed: 0 hours 2 min 19 sec
Test the code:
START_TIME=$(date +%s)
ELAPSED=86399
printf "elapsed: %s\n\n" "$(date -d#$ELAPSED -u +%H\ hour\ %M\ min\ %S\ sec)"
elapsed: 23 hour 59 min 59 sec
If you would like to show the days as well, then you need to do a little trick in order for the day will be displayed properly:
ELAPSED=86399
printf "elapsed: %s\n\n" "$(date -d#$ELAPSED -u +%d\ days\ %H\ hour\ %M\ min\ %S\ sec)"
elapsed: 01 days 23 hour 59 min 59 sec
ELAPSED=86400
elapsed: 02 days 00 hour 00 min 00 sec
As you can see the day is calculated on a wrong way, so you need to do a math operation in bash this way:
printf "elapsed: %s day %s\n\n" "$(($(date -d#$ELAPSED -u +%d)-1))" "$(date -d#$ELAPSED -u +%H\ hour\ %M\ min\ %S\ sec)"
elapsed: 1 day 00 hour 00 min 00 sec
The \ character in the date-time pattern escapes the whitespace.
I hope that it helps you.
start=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S);
for x in {1..5};
do echo $x;
sleep 1; done;
end=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S);
elapsed=$(($end-$start));
ftime=$(for((i=1;i<=$((${#end}-${#elapsed}));i++));
do echo -n "-";
done;
echo ${elapsed});
echo -e "Start : ${start}\nStop : ${end}\nElapsed: ${ftime}"
Start : 20171108005304
Stop : 20171108005310
Elapsed: -------------6
#!/bin/bash
time_elapsed(){
appstop=$1; appstart=$2
ss_strt=${appstart:12:2} ;ss_stop=${appstop:12:2}
mm_strt=${appstart:10:2} ;mm_stop=${appstop:10:2}
hh_strt=${appstart:8:2} ; hh_stop=${appstop:8:2}
dd_strt=${appstart:6:2} ; dd_stop=${appstop:6:2}
mh_strt=${appstart:4:2} ; mh_stop=${appstop:4:2}
yy_strt=${appstart:0:4} ; yy_stop=${appstop:0:4}
if [ "${ss_stop}" -lt "${ss_strt}" ]; then ss_stop=$((ss_stop+60)); mm_stop=$((mm_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${mm_stop}" -lt "0" ]; then mm_stop=$((mm_stop+60)); hh_stop=$((hh_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${mm_stop}" -lt "${mm_strt}" ]; then mm_stop=$((mm_stop+60)); hh_stop=$((hh_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${hh_stop}" -lt "0" ]; then hh_stop=$((hh_stop+24)); dd_stop=$((dd_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${hh_stop}" -lt "${hh_strt}" ]; then hh_stop=$((hh_stop+24)); dd_stop=$((dd_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${dd_stop}" -lt "0" ]; then dd_stop=$((dd_stop+$(mh_days $mh_stop $yy_stop))); mh_stop=$((mh_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${dd_stop}" -lt "${dd_strt}" ]; then dd_stop=$((dd_stop+$(mh_days $mh_stop $yy_stop))); mh_stop=$((mh_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${mh_stop}" -lt "0" ]; then mh_stop=$((mh_stop+12)); yy_stop=$((yy_stop-1)); fi
if [ "${mh_stop}" -lt "${mh_strt}" ]; then mh_stop=$((mh_stop+12)); yy_stop=$((yy_stop-1)); fi
ss_espd=$((10#${ss_stop}-10#${ss_strt})); if [ "${#ss_espd}" -le "1" ]; then ss_espd=$(for((i=1;i<=$((${#ss_stop}-${#ss_espd}));i++)); do echo -n "0"; done; echo ${ss_espd}); fi
mm_espd=$((10#${mm_stop}-10#${mm_strt})); if [ "${#mm_espd}" -le "1" ]; then mm_espd=$(for((i=1;i<=$((${#mm_stop}-${#mm_espd}));i++)); do echo -n "0"; done; echo ${mm_espd}); fi
hh_espd=$((10#${hh_stop}-10#${hh_strt})); if [ "${#hh_espd}" -le "1" ]; then hh_espd=$(for((i=1;i<=$((${#hh_stop}-${#hh_espd}));i++)); do echo -n "0"; done; echo ${hh_espd}); fi
dd_espd=$((10#${dd_stop}-10#${dd_strt})); if [ "${#dd_espd}" -le "1" ]; then dd_espd=$(for((i=1;i<=$((${#dd_stop}-${#dd_espd}));i++)); do echo -n "0"; done; echo ${dd_espd}); fi
mh_espd=$((10#${mh_stop}-10#${mh_strt})); if [ "${#mh_espd}" -le "1" ]; then mh_espd=$(for((i=1;i<=$((${#mh_stop}-${#mh_espd}));i++)); do echo -n "0"; done; echo ${mh_espd}); fi
yy_espd=$((10#${yy_stop}-10#${yy_strt})); if [ "${#yy_espd}" -le "1" ]; then yy_espd=$(for((i=1;i<=$((${#yy_stop}-${#yy_espd}));i++)); do echo -n "0"; done; echo ${yy_espd}); fi
echo -e "${yy_espd}-${mh_espd}-${dd_espd} ${hh_espd}:${mm_espd}:${ss_espd}"
#return $(echo -e "${yy_espd}-${mh_espd}-${dd_espd} ${hh_espd}:${mm_espd}:${ss_espd}")
}
mh_days(){
mh_stop=$1; yy_stop=$2; #also checks if it's leap year or not
case $mh_stop in
[1,3,5,7,8,10,12]) mh_stop=31
;;
2) (( !(yy_stop % 4) && (yy_stop % 100 || !(yy_stop % 400) ) )) && mh_stop=29 || mh_stop=28
;;
[4,6,9,11]) mh_stop=30
;;
esac
return ${mh_stop}
}
appstart=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S); read -p "Wait some time, then press nay-key..." key; appstop=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S); elapsed=$(time_elapsed $appstop $appstart); echo -e "Start...: ${appstart:0:4}-${appstart:4:2}-${appstart:6:2} ${appstart:8:2}:${appstart:10:2}:${appstart:12:2}\nStop....: ${appstop:0:4}-${appstop:4:2}-${appstop:6:2} ${appstop:8:2}:${appstop:10:2}:${appstop:12:2}\n$(printf '%0.1s' "="{1..30})\nElapsed.: ${elapsed}"
exit 0
-------------------------------------------- return
Wait some time, then press nay-key...
Start...: 2017-11-09 03:22:17
Stop....: 2017-11-09 03:22:18
==============================
Elapsed.: 0000-00-00 00:00:01
First of all, I'm a beginner on shell-script. This code I've done is not working.
I want to repeat a code for 30 seconds but it doesn't work. It just keep doing my logic indefinitely.
DIFF=0
while [ $DIFF < 30 ]; do
START=$(date +%s)
######## My logic #########
DIFF=$(( $END - $START ))
echo $DIFF
cd ..
sleep 5s
done
I think it's because I'm not doing the while clause properly?
Well, you definitely need to provide some values for $START and $END. They won't set themselves!
You may want to do something like
START = `date +%s`
to set it to a time in seconds. Of course END will need to be set inside your loop to get it updated.
EDIT: cd .. is hopefully not really what you plan to run inside the loop. Within a few milliseconds your current directory will be the root directory, with little else accomplished. It would be cheaper to do a single cd / .
EDIT 2: This shouldn't be such a hard problem. For this edit, I've built and tested a one-line solution:
START=$(date +%s); DIFF=0; while [ $DIFF -lt 30 ]; do echo $DIFF; DIFF=$(($(date +%s)-$START)); done
That will correctly update its variables and display them... and it ends after 30 seconds.
((end = $(date +%s) + 30))
while (( $(date +%s) < end ))
do
something
done
Or, using the builtin variable $SECONDS in Bash:
((end = SECONDS + 30))
while (( SECONDS < end ))
do
something
done
use an infinite loop. an example pseudocode
DIFF=0
while true
do
START=$(date +%s)
END=.... #define your end
DIFF=$((END-START))
if [ "$DIFF" -gt 30 ] ;then
break
fi
.....
done
It looks like you're using bash.
Try something like this perhaps:
START=...
while (($DIFF<30)); do
# ....
DIFF=$((END-START))
done
(See Bash arithmetic evaluation and The Double-Parentheses Construct.)