I noticed two blocks in InvenSense SensorStudio which appear to be very similar. hey are AuxillarySensorDesign (driver) and CustomSensorDesigner block. What is the difference between the two?
AuxilliarySenorDesigner
Connect to device block (and not to sensor block)
Does not support emulation
Must be used to create driver sensors that get data from hardware (I2C)
CustomSensorDesigner
Connect to one or several sensors block
Support emulation
Should be used to create virtual sensors that gets data from other sensors in the system and apply some algorithm
CustomSensor
Connect to device block
Used to retrieve sensor data from custom sensors from the device (after flashing a firmware)
Refer to "3.6. DESIGN YOUR SENSOR ALGORITHM", "3.7. SENSOR FRAMEWORK EXPLAINED" and "3.8. DESIGN YOUR SENSOR DRIVER" of 001 - SensorStudio User Documentation.pdf available with your SensorStudio installation
Related
has linux reserved io port numbers for all manufactured devices.
I have devices like intel built-in network card. or another device I have for wifi (usb) from realtek.
On linux repository on github, device drivers use specific io ports to register. And kernel assign those ports to device driver. device drivers normally request for ports using call to request_region function. so for some ethernet device it requests like following
for (id_port = 0x110 ; id_port < 0x200; id_port += 0x10)
{
if (!request_region(id_port, 1, "3c509-control"))
continue;
outb(0x00, id_port);
outb(0xff, id_port);
if (inb(id_port) & 0x01)
break;
else
release_region(id_port, 1);
}
above starts with 0x110 to 0x200, any port can be assigned in this range by kernel to driver and appear in /proc/ioports file means driver is using that io port by the time of success return from request_region.
Question : So my question is has linux assigned io ports to all manufactured devices usable with kernel 5.7 or latest kernel version?
Question : What if I want to write device driver for any device. How can I find the io ports number range to request to. I dont not expect that I have to look into kernel code and find similer driver port range. so How can I find that io port number range. how to achieve this first step required in writing device driver (any device. be it wifi internet device or ethernet device)
Question : So my question is has linux assigned io ports to all manufactured devices usable with kernel 5.7 or latest kernel version?
No.
Question : What if I want to write device driver for any device. How can I find the io ports number range to request to.
You ask the user for it. After all it's the user who set them using jumpers on the ISA card.
Here's a picture of an old Sound Blaster card (taken from Wikipedia, I'm too lazy to rummage around in my basement now). I've highlighted a specific area in the picture:
That jumper header I highlighted: That's the port configuration jumper. As a user you literally connect two of the pins with a jumper connector and that connects a specific address line that comes from the card connectors to the circuitry on the rest of the card. This address line is part of the AT bus port I/O scheme. The user sets this jumper, writes down the number and then tells the driver, which number it was set to. That's how AT style I/O ports.
Or the driver uses one of the well known port numbers for specific hardware (like network controllers) that dates back to the era, where ISA style ports were still are thing. Also there's old ISA-P'n'P where the BIOS and the add-in cards would negotiate the port assignments at power up, before the OS even started. You can read those port numbers with the ISA-P'n'P API provided by the kernel.
We no longer use this kind of hardware in practice! Except for legacy and retro computing purposes.
Over a quarter of century ago, the old AT / ISA bus was superseeded with PCI. Today we use PCIe which, from the point of view of software still looks like PCI. One of the important things about PCI was, that it completely dropped the whole concept of ports.
With ISA what you had were 8 data lines and 16 address lines, plus two read/write enable lines, one for memory mapped I/O and one for port I/O. You can find the details here https://archive.is/3jjZj. But what happens when you're reading from say, port 0x0104, it would physically set the bit pattern of 0x0104 to the address lines on the ISA bus, pull low the read enable line, and then read the voltage level on the data lines. And all of that is implemented as an actual set of instructions of the x86: https://c9x.me/x86/html/file_module_x86_id_139.html
Now look at the PCI bus: There's no longer separate data and address lines. Instead read/write commands would be sent, and everything happens through memory mappings. PCI devices have something called a BAR: a Base Address Register. This is configured by the PCI root complex and assigns the hardware the region of actual physical bus addresses where it appears. The OS has to get those BAR information from the PCI root complex. The driver uses the PCI IDs to have the hardware discovered and the BAR information told to it. It can then do memory reads/writes to talk to the hardware. No I/O ports involved. And that is just the lowest level. USB and Ethernet happen a lot further up. USB is quite abstract, as is Ethernet.
Your other question Looking for driver developer datasheet of Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2450M CPU # 2.50GHz suggests, that you have some serious misconceptions of what is actually going on. You were asking about USB devices, and Ethernet ports. Neither of those in any way directly interact with this part of the computer.
Your question per se is interesting. But we're also running into a massive XYZ problem here; it's worse than an XY problem; you're asking about X, although you want to solve Y. But Y isn't even the problem you're dealing with in the first place.
You're obviously smart, and curious, and I applaud that. But I have to tell you, that you've to backtrack quite a bit, to clear up some of the misconceptions you have.
Hi I have a SPI touch device with 24 keys, each read will return 3 bytes, containing exact all 24 keys status. My hardware is a custom made beaglebone like device, spi0 is able to read its own write by connecting MISO to MOSI.
Everything (wiring, software) is working perfectly matching this guide: http://communistcode.co.uk/blog/blogPost.php?blogPostID=1
Now my touch device is CS active high device, but it requires to drive the chip select to low and back to high before actual read. I don't seems to have control with SPI cs value, I can only either control it within an actual read phase by specifying CS high or low. From my knowledge I have to use another GPIO to emulate the CS.
Question: any way to control cs freely? (i.e. set 0 or 1 by my code directly?)
I have solved this by pinmux the CS pin to a GPIO, and control it manually prior to actual communication.
I use Arduino for comunication between sensors and my C# application using a serial port. Is there any possibility to access digital components directly such as Force Sensitive Resistor - Square, from a USB port?
Do I have to write a driver for that?
I drew a semi-schematic diagram to exemplify:
There isn't a way to directly read an analog sensor over USB since it's a digital bus. You need some sort of processing to convert the analog signal to digital and communicate over the bus properly.
In order to sample information from any sensor, you will need an intermediary. The Arduino uses an FTDI chip to convert UART (Serial) to USB. When you read data over this connection, you are reading it over the Serial over USB interface. My recommendation is to stick with using the Arduino or other micro controller.
If you are really bent on reading it Directly over USB (instead of through the Serial over USB converter) you would have to implement some sort of protocol in a device that supports USB such as the Stellaris Launchpad or an Atmega32U4 AKA Arduino Lenardo. You would also have to write a driver to describe how to communicate with this USB device. Unless you were able to implement it as an already known device such as a keyboard or serial port (Yep, we went full circle there).
In short, there's no already made chip that converts Analog (or Digital) values from a sensor into something any OS would natively understand. Since USB is a protocol much like IP, you're not going to be able to use discreet devices. You're going to have to use a micro-controller with a USB stack.
Again, my advice would be to pass the sensor values over USB through the existing Serial (over USB) port. This is pretty straight forward and easily reproducible without an entire Arduino.
From the looks of the force-sensitive resistor, this is an analog component; the resistance and capacitance changes with the force applied to the sensor. If you check out the FSR installation guide document there are suggested electrical interfaces starting on page 16.
I would recommend the first circuit, connect Vout to an analog input on the Arduino. From there you will need to convert from ADC counts to voltages and then use a lookup table function in the Arduino to convert from voltage to force according to Figure 9. At this point you have a variable containing the force applied to the sensor. From here you can transmit the value over the USB serial bus just like any other value. Your C# application then needs to read the serial data, and parse out the value.
I built a robot from a thin client pc (can run Windows CE or Linux) and two servo motors. I put USB ends on the servo motors, so when they are plugged in to the thin client they continuously run. In Linux, how could I set the amount of current or voltage going from the USB ports to the servo motors? Would I be able to run a shell script to set the power of a certain USB port to slow down a motor or stop one? If this cannot be done through software, what is the easiest way to do this through hardware without having to buy too much?
The USB voltage is fixed at a nominal 5 volts and cannot be controlled.
The behavior of USB devices regarding their current draw is well defined in the USB specifications. USB devices are supposed to draw up to 1 unit load (100mA) unless they have negotiated a higher load from the USB host. It's quite likely that the servo motors that you have are going to need to draw higher currents than that, and wouldn't be able to request it without being a USB device and negotiating with the host.
It's also likely, depending on the servo motor that you are trying to control, that you'll need to either provide a PWM signal or an analogue voltage to control motor position. USB hosts are not intended to provide either of these.
Your best options to drive your motor from your PC are:
Get a dedicated USB controller for your servo motor (if one exists)
Make your own, based on a small microprocessor (eg. using an arduino)
Choose a different port on the PC. If available, PC parallel ports can be controlled to provide control for motor drivers.
The answers here seem to say it is a hardware issue, but I think this is a software issue. ASUS has Ai Charge which more then doubles the volts to charging Apple products from a standard 2.0 usb port.
USB 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Specs (All at 5 volts) 4 Wires (2 Data and 2
dedicated power)
Voltage Breakdown: USB 1.0 and USB 2.0 = 0.5A or 500 mA = 2.5 watt
USB 3.0 = 0.9A or 900mA = 4.5 watt Wall wart = 1.5A or 1500 mA = 7.5
watt Ai Charge = 1.2A or 1200mA = 6 watt
Ai Charge works on ASUS and non-ASUS motherboards and is a program you can install in Windows.
Personally I HATE Apple so I want to figure out a way to do this 1.2A usb 2.0 output trick for my netbook while running Linux.
I don't believe it is possible to directly manipulate the USB voltages. They are designed to provide a +5V output at all times unless power is diminised with other hubs.
You might be better served posting this question on http://electronics.stackexchange.com
you need to use PWM to control motors speed, to do that you need a micro controller, PIC18F series supports USB communication, there are plenty of code samples available internet how to use USB in PIC18F series, also you need a transistor array or H-Bridge to control mortors from PIC.
The simplest way to communicate is, program a USB serial in PIC18F micro controller, and when you plug that 18F to your computer, it will detect USB serial port, so you can send the commands to serial port to control speeds.
I dont think its possible, and even if it was, consider this: The USB port is not suposed to power motors because you can burn the USB port. USB is limited to 500mA (or there abouts) and any power device like a motor can potentially require more than that.
Another thing is that servos should be driven with constant voltage, and the speed is controlled by timing impulses on the control wire.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-width_modulation
You should use a driver (hardware) to power the motor with an external power source.
This is transistor's purpose, or try with a potentiometer
I am designing an information kiosk and need a BT application which can automatically push a file to the nearest BT enabled device assuming that this would be the phone of the person currently standing in front of the kiosk.
Is there any other ways of doing this except by checking the RSSI (Received Singal Strength Indicator)?
Do all Bluetooth stacks support accessing this property?
How accurate is RSSI as the basis for the decision to which device to push to? Can it be that other phones which are further away from the kiosk can emit a stronger signal than the signal coming from the phone of the guy standing right in front of the kiosk?
Not all stacks support RSSI.
There's an alternate way: the device who first answers to Inquiries should have a stronger signal.
Your guess is true, it only depends on signal strength, not distance.
Also, the device with the stronger signal is not necessarily the one which answers first, since implementations of the protocol are different among devices. Thus you would have to test all target devices separately.