COUNTIF condition to compare values within the counting range - excel-formula

I´m currently collaborating in the creation of a tool and I´m having the following problem:
I need to count the values of a list of train arrival times that have a difference lower than 2 minutes with the next or previous arrival.
For Example, if the list of arrival times is
1-08:00 /
2-08:12 /
3-08:15 /
4-08:16 /
5-08:19 /
6-08:23 /
7-08:24 /
8-08:28 /
...
The result of this should be 2 (or 4), given that the time between trains 3 and 4, and trains 6 and 7 is lower than 2 minutes.
Is there any way of doing this with a formula?

Use SUMPRODUCT with offset ranges:
=SUMPRODUCT(--($B$2:$B$8-$B$1:$B$7<=2/(60*24)))

Related

Simple(r) Excel formula to calculate forward stock (inventory) cover

This is a perennial question for retailers, for which there are a number of solutions in existence:
How can you calculate the "forward cover" of a product knowing its current inventory and armed with forward sales estimates.
eg.
current inventory 100 units (cell A1)
weekly forward sales estimates: 25, 30, 10, 40, 90... (in range
A2:AX)
Here the answer would be 3.875 weeks (3 full weeks plus 0.875 of week 4)
I have a UDF to do this already.
I also have some slightly complicated array functions to do this, eg.
=MATCH(TRUE,SUBTOTAL(9,OFFSET(A2:A13,,,ROW(A2:A13)-ROW(A2)+1))>A1,0)-1+(A1-SUM(A2:INDEX(A2:A13,MATCH(TRUE,SUBTOTAL(9,OFFSET(A2:A13,,,ROW(A2:A13)-ROW(A2)+1))>A1,0)-1)))/INDEX(A2:A13,MATCH(TRUE,SUBTOTAL(9,OFFSET(A2:A13,,,ROW(A2:A13)-ROW(A2)+1))>A1,0)-1+1)
I was wondering if there is a neater way with these 'new-fangled' array functions which have been available for the last few years in later versions of Excel?
Here is another possible solution, although it requires the LET() function which is only available to newer version of excel (2021, 365 and later I believe).
The solution would be the following formula:
=LET(
sales,A2:A50,
inventory,A1,
cum_sum,MMULT(SEQUENCE(1,ROWS(sales),1,0),(ROW(sales)<=TRANSPOSE(ROW(sales)))*sales),
week_full,MATCH(TRUE,inventory<cum_sum,0) - 1,
week_frac,(inventory - INDEX(cum_sum,week_full)) / INDEX(sales,week_full + 1),
week_full + week_frac
)
Explanation
Given inventory and the forward looking sales estimates, the formula calculates the running total (i.e. cumulated sum) of the sales estimates as shown in the table here below
Inv and Sales
Cumulated Sum
Inv > Cum_Sum
Week
100
25
25
0
1
30
55
0
2
10
65
0
3
40
105
1
4
90
195
1
5
...
...
1
6
The formula goes on to get the number of full weeks of 'forward cover' by finding the the value for the cumulated sum that exceeds the inventory minus one (here 4 - 1 = 3).
Lastly, for the value of the week fraction covered in the last week, the formula calculates inventory minus sum of sales estimates of all previous weeks divided by sales estimate of final week of cover (i.e. (100 - 65) / 40 = 0.875).
Edit
After simplifying the formula you used with the LET() function, I noticed it's doing exactly the same calculation with the only difference of how the cumulated sum is being calculated. Here's your formula using LET():
=LET(
sales,A2:A50,
inventory,A1,
cum_sum,SUBTOTAL(9,OFFSET(sales,,,SEQUENCE(ROWS(sales)))),
week_full,MATCH(TRUE,cum_sum>inventory,0)-1,
week_frac,(inventory - INDEX(cum_sum,week_full)) / INDEX(sales,week_full+1),
week_full + week_frac
)
=LET(inv,A1,
sales,A2:A6,
cs,SCAN(0,sales,LAMBDA(x,y,x+y)),
m,XMATCH(A1,cs,1)-1,
m+(inv-
IF(m=0,
0,
INDEX(cs,m)))
/INDEX(sales,m+1))
SCAN() is perfect for creating a cumulative sum.
It can be referenced inside XMATCH because of the use of LET.
Here m returns the number of full weeks and the final calculation is the number of full weeks + (inv- cumulative sum up to the full week)/sales of the following week.

Doing an operation before SUMIF or MATCH-ing multiple values to multiply before summing

I have an Excel document with multiple small tables in it. Here, each table describes a single project, and at the end of the worksheet, I want to create a summary that doesn't have "hardcoded" locations so that that when the amount of projects (tables) is adjusted, it doesn't break all the formulas. Basically, it looks like this:
A B
1 Project 1
2 Units 200
3 Price / Unit 10
4 Material / Unit 5
5 Handling / Unit 1
6 Total cost 6
7 Profit Margin / Unit 4
8
9 Project 2
10 Units 100
11 Price / Unit 5
12 Material / Unit 1
13 Handling / Unit 1
14 Total cost 2
15 Profit Margin / Unit 3
16
...
19 Summary
20 Units =SUMIF( A$1:A19 ; A20 ; B$1:B19 )
21 Material costs ???
22 Handling costs ???
23 Total Profit ???
Here, there may be an arbitrary amount of projects and I'm unsure how to create a formula that directly calculates the total material costs (and by the same pattern, Handling and Total Profit). For the total units, I can simply use a =SUMIF( A$1:A19 ; A20 ; B$1:B19 ) instead of =B2 + B2 by having the function search col A for the keyword "Units" but in order to do this for the total material costs, I need to multiply first. Eg, it would be =B2*B4 + B10*B12.
My first idea was to use an INDEX MATCH approach to extract a subarray from each table and then sum it all up using SUMPRODUCT however the MATCH function unfortunately only returns the first result and I can't get it to output an array of results (I think this is just a limitation with the function?).
I guess it would also be possible to simply add extra lines to each table to pre-calculate these products, but I don't like that solution as it would give the tables a lot of unnecessary extra bloat and I'd really like to solve this in one formula.
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
I came up with a dirty solution, using SUMPRODUCT formula that works if your using Office 365 :
example calculating total handling cost:
=SUMPRODUCT(FILTER(B:B,A:A="Units"),FILTER(B:B,A:A="Handling / Unit"))
FILTER(B:B,A:A="Units"), returns an array of values on the right of cells containing "Unit"
FILTER(B:B,A:A="Handling / Unit"), returns an array of values on the right of cells containing "Handling / Unit"

How to generate a random number in Google Sheets / Excel through a discrete list of percentage of influence in random outcome?

Let's say I'm randomly picking up a number 1, 2, 3, and I take notes of how many times they were picked out of 10 times I did this. After this experiment, and taking the notes of the percentage of the times these numbers were picked in this 10 randomly generated picks, I want to randomly pick a number but this time having the weight of the percentage of times that I just took note from the original procedure.
For instance, if 3 was picked 20% of times, then the random generator tool will have it 20% of the times in consideration instead of going equally ~33% for each number 1,2 and 3.
The thing I'm missing is if there is any way to (either in Excel or Google Sheets) give this "weight" of the percentages a random picker.
to generate 10 numbers from fixed set (1, 2, 3) you can use:
=INDEX(ROUND(RANDARRAY(10)*(3-1))+1)
if this gives you distribution like:
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
2
3
1
where number 3 is picked up 20% of times you can find out the distribution like:
=INDEX(QUERY({A2:A11, COUNTIFS(A2:A11, A2:A11)},
"select Col1,count(Col2)/10 group by Col1 label count(Col2)/10''"))
now to assign a weight we can reuse it like:
=INDEX(ROUND(RANDARRAY(10)*(MAX(A2:A11)-A2:A11))+MIN(A2:A11))
where you can notice that the % distribution of number 3 is always significantly lower or none:
for more precision and to avoid ghost values you can use:
=INDEX(SORTN(SORT(FLATTEN(SPLIT(QUERY(REPT(SORT(UNIQUE(A2:A11))&"×",
QUERY({A2:A11, COUNTIFS(A2:A11, A2:A11)},
"select count(Col2)*10 group by Col1 label count(Col2)*10''")),,9^9),
"×"))), 10, 1, RANDARRAY(100), 1))
if you wish to freeze the random generation follow the white fox into the forest of ice

Manipulating function sample sizes in Excel

Suppose I had two time series consisting of weekly data points, and I want to compute the covariance of the time series for the last n weeks using the covariance function in Excel.
Would it be possible to set this scenario up in such a way that a certain cell contains the number of weeks of data I want to compute the covariance for?
That is, changing the cell element to k would lead to the already computed covariance for n weeks to change to the covariance of the data series for the last k weeks?
You decided that sample data was not important so here is some.
date nmbr
03-30-2017 4
04-04-2017 4
04-07-2017 2
04-09-2017 2
04-12-2017 1
04-15-2017 4
04-18-2017 1
04-21-2017 2
04-24-2017 1
04-26-2017 3
04-30-2017 4
05-02-2017 5
05-07-2017 4
05-09-2017 2
05-10-2017 1
05-12-2017 5
05-14-2017 4
My crystal ball tells me that this question is not so much about Excel's COVARIANCE.P or COVARIANCE.S but about limiting date related data. To this end, I'll simply SUM 4 weeks of data.
The formulas needed in E2:H2 (see supplied image) are:
=TODAY()
4
=FLOOR(E2-(F2*7), 7)+1
=SUM(INDEX(B:B, MATCH(G2, A:A)+ISNA(MATCH(G2, A:A, 0))):INDEX(B:B, MATCH(1E+99, A:A)))
Note that the dates are in ascending order.

Simulation on Excel with 6 possibilities with different probabilities

So I have a table that looks like this
Arrival Time Probability
0 .09
1 .17
2 .27
3 .2
4 .15
5 .12
And I want excel to randomly create one of the 6 arrival time values based on the given probabilities using RAND(). Is there any way to do this other than to have nested If loops?
here's what I came up with.
I would add a column C that calculates the cumulative brackets from 0-1 each digit would represent. If you start with zero and use formulas to calculate your brackets, you can change the probability if needed in the future. (formulas in photo below)
For example, arrival time of 0 would be between 0 and .09.
Then you can use use the rand() function in column D to generate your random number between 0 and 1 and add a lookup function in column E, or wherever you like. Screenshots of the data and formulas:
Replace your probabilities with cumulative probabilities (with a preliminary line for 0) and use VLOOKUP, exploiting the fact that VLOOKUP finds the closest match:

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