I am trying to build a demo kernel module, but when I do make, I get following,
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-47-generic'
make[2]: *** No rule to make target 'arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl', needed by 'arch/x86/entry/syscalls/../../include/generated/asm/syscalls_32.h'. Stop.
arch/x86/Makefile:199: recipe for target 'archheaders' failed
make[1]: *** [archheaders] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-47-generic'
Makefile:4: recipe for target 'all' failed
I am building module across linux kernel - 4.4.0-47 version - 64 bit OS. Can anyone please help me to understand why I am facing this Error.Thank you in advance.
Make sure you have proper make file. this is a very common issue.
or you could use below statement in makefile also.
obj-m += your_module_name.o
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
it should work.
Related
When installing Intel-SGX-Driver(https://github.com/intel/linux-sgx-driver), I got this error:
$ make
make -C /lib/modules/5.4.0-107-generic/build M=/home/niujuxin/Intel SGX/linux-sgx-driver modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-5.4.0-107-generic'
make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'SGX/linux-sgx-driver'. Stop.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-5.4.0-107-generic'
Makefile:16: recipe for target 'default' failed
make: *** [default] Error 2
How could I solve it.
I think that the error make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'SGX/linux-sgx-driver'. Stop. comes from your path containing a space.
In Makefile, Change the line
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
by
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M="$(PWD)" modules
And you can do the same for the installation rule.
Or simplier, change the file path
I have to write a simple linux kernel module for a study research project, but I am having trouble with make. This is what my Makefile looks like right now:
obj-m := main.o
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
The source file I want to compile is named main.c, and when I type make in the source code directory I get this output:
root#debian:~/test-module# make
make -C /lib/modules/4.9.0-4-amd64/build M=/root/test-module modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/lib/modules/4.9.0-4-amd64/build'
make[1]: *** No rule to make target 'modules'. Stop.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/lib/modules/4.9.0-4-amd64/build'
Makefile:6: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
As the output already suggests, I am running Debian 9 with kernel 4.9.0-4-amd64. Since I am pretty new to Makefiles, I can't find any errors in the file. Could somebody please explain to me where my error is?
UPDATE: After some research I found out that /lib/modules/4.9.0-4-amd64/build must contain the kernel source tree. So i did
ln -s /usr/src/linux-source-4.9 /lib/modules/4.9.0-4-amd64/build
where the link's target directory contains the complete linux kernel source tree. When I run make now, I get this output:
root#debian:~/test-module# make
make -C /lib/modules/4.9.0-4-amd64/build modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-source-4.9'
scripts/kconfig/conf --silentoldconfig Kconfig
***
*** Configuration file ".config" not found!
***
*** Please run some configurator (e.g. "make oldconfig" or
*** "make menuconfig" or "make xconfig").
***
scripts/kconfig/Makefile:37: recipe for target 'silentoldconfig' failed
make[3]: *** [silentoldconfig] Error 1
Makefile:548: recipe for target 'silentoldconfig' failed
make[2]: *** [silentoldconfig] Error 2
The present kernel configuration has modules disabled.
Type 'make config' and enable loadable module support.
Then build a kernel with module support enabled.
Makefile:1271: recipe for target 'modules' failed
make[1]: *** [modules] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-source-4.9'
Makefile:4: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
Looks better than last time, but still doesn't work. I guess I just have to run a make config or so in some directory of the kernel source tree, but I don't know where. What should I do?
I finally found out the error: I forgot to specify the M variable in my makefile. It works properly now. This is what my makefile looks like right now, if future users want to know:
obj-m := testmodule.o
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
Thank you all for your help anyways!
I wrote a Hello-world module, and built Make file to compile it.
Makefile source code:
obj-m +=hello-1.o
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
compiling the module by issuing the command make give me the following result
make -C /lib/modules/3.3.4-5.fc17.i686/build M=/home/user/MyModules/hello-1 modules
make: *** /lib/modules/3.3.4-5.fc17.i686/build: No such file or directory. Stoped.
make: *** [all] Error 2
enter code here
While the file is actually Exist!
Why Makefile can't find the file?
Note: I'm using fedora 17
I am trying to compile a Hello World module. I am having a fresh Ubuntu in my system which doesn't have any compiled kernel.
My kernel is:
2.6.32-34-generic
I gave the following Makefile and got the error:
obj-m += hello-1.o
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
# make
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.32-34-generic/build M=/home/james/Desktop/hello modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-34-generic'
make[2]: *** No rule to make target `/home/james/Desktop/hello/hello-1.c', needed by `/home/james/Desktop/hello/hello-1.o'. Stop.
make[1]: *** [_module_/home/james/Desktop/hello] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-34-generic'
make: *** [all] Error 2
The contents of my /lib/modules/2.6.32-34-generic are
total 3864
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 40 2011-11-05 15:55 build -> /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-34-generic
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2011-11-05 15:49 initrd
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 2011-11-05 15:49 kernel
.......................................................
.......................................................
The folder /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-34-generic exists.
Since it didnt work, I downloaded the linux-headers-2.6.32-34-generic source from Ubuntu and compiled and changed my Makefile to:
obj-m += hello-1.o
all:
make -C /usr/src/linux-2.6.32/ M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /usr/src/linux-2.6.32/ M=$(PWD) clean
#make
make -C /usr/src/linux-2.6.32/ M=/home/james/Desktop/hello modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.32'
ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid.
include/linux/autoconf.h or include/config/auto.conf are missing.
Run 'make oldconfig && make prepare' on kernel src to fix it.
WARNING: Symbol version dump /usr/src/linux-2.6.32/Module.symvers
is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions.
make[2]: *** No rule to make target `/home/james/Desktop/hello/hello-1.c', needed by `/home/james/Desktop/hello/hello-1.o'. Stop.
make[1]: *** [_module_/home/james/Desktop/hello] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.32'
make: *** [all] Error 2
Could someone help me solving this.http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid-updates/devel/linux-headers-2.6.32-34-generic
I have some general questions to ask.
After a fresh install what is the best way of compiling a kernel. After I compiled the kernel and built a module it worked flawlessly earlier. But I couldnt know what to do this in this situation
The error:
ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid.
include/linux/autoconf.h or include/config/auto.conf are missing.
Run 'make oldconfig && make prepare' on kernel src to fix it.
WARNING: Symbol version dump /usr/src/linux-2.6.32/Module.symvers
is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions.
simply is because your kernel source is newly downloaded and uncompiled before.
This is how u should compile any kernel module.
After download the kernel source, you must prepare it for adding any modules to it.
Copy the older-kernel's "config-xxxx" file from the /boot/ directory into the new kernel source directory, and rename it as ".config".
Then execute "make oldconfig", which will take a backup of the .config into .config.old, and regenerate a new .config based on the new kernel source. Just enter "ENTER" for all the default settings (lots of them).
Next is to do a "make" (and wait for some time) - it will generate a new kernel file "vmlinux", together with many other files which is read by the modules compilation process.
Now you can go to your directory where the kernel module source code is located, and based on the following Makefile:
obj-m += hello-1.o
default: modules
modules:
make -C /kernel_source/ M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /kernel_source/ M=$(PWD) clean
Together with Makefile are your header and source file, which is hello-1.c located together.
Just "make" and your kernel modules should be generated successfully.
You need to install some package like 'kernel-devel' on Fedora (sorry I am not a Ubuntu user), it provides the headers and .config to compile your kernel module.
make[2]: * No rule to make target
/home/james/Desktop/hello/hello-1.c', needed by/home/james/Desktop/hello/hello-1.o'. Stop
Your are facing this error in the first compilation because hello-1.c file is missing in /home/james/Desktop/hello/ directory.
Check if hello-1.c exists in /home/james/Desktop/hello/ directory.
You need to have modules_enabled in your kernel. You need to compile a fresh kernel to do this.
Following post explains how to build kernel nicely. Enable modules in configuration of kernel build.
http://kernelnewbies.org/FAQ/KernelCompilation
Simple question.. how to compile driver to be profiled with Gprof?
My current Makefile:
obj-m += hello-2.o
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
Works just fine ( I can load the driver etc. ), but if I try to add -pg options to the file then I get an error.
Makefile:
obj-m += hello-2.o
EXTRA_CFLAGS += -pg
LDFLAGS += -pg
all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
I get error:
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.31/build M=/home/I/drivertest modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/I/linux-2.6.31'
CC [M] /home/I/drivertest/hello-2.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
WARNING: "mcount" [/home/I/drivertest/hello-2.ko] undefined!
CC /home/I/drivertest/hello-2.mod.o
LD [M] /home/I/drivertest/hello-2.ko
ld: unrecognized option '-pg'
ld: use the --help option for usage information
make[2]: *** [/home/I/drivertest/hello-2.ko] Error 1
make[1]: *** [modules] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/I/linux-2.6.31'
make: *** [all] Error 2
You can't profile a kernel module with gprof. You'll need to compile a kernel with profiling support enabled and use the readprofile tool. See the the Linux kernel documentation for more details.
Even if you can use gprof on a kernel module, it was never advertised as being able to help you locate bottlenecks. More on that.
-pg is a compilation flag, not a linkage flag. Remove it from LDFLAGS (and obviously leave it in EXTRA_CFLAGS).