How to allow file & folder perminsion in Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS - linux

I have installed latest Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS in my laptop to learn Ubuntu OS. Now I am trying to create files and folders inside /var/www/html directory but getting permission issue.
Can you please guide me which commands, I have to run to create files & folders.
Thanks

To get permissions, you'll have to prepend sudo to your command e.g. sudo mkdir /var/www/html/mywebsite. The first command you run with sudo will require your password.

You need root privileges.
Open terminal using Ctrl+alt+T
sudo mkdir /var/www/html/new_folder
This will crate a folder named new_folder in html folder
next type,
sudo touch /var/www/html/new_file
This will create file named new_file in html folder

Related

Can't disable my Ipv6 in my ubuntu

I'm installing hadoop on my linux right now, so far I've installed and extracted hadoop, and set up my Java Home variable. I'm trying to disable my ipv6, but so far when I tried to save changes, it shows the following:
This is my command:
nano /etcl.systct.conf
Can this command work:
error writing /etc/sysct.conf: permission denied
You have to run command with sudo
Ex: sudo nano /etcl.systct.conf
Try doing it as superuser, add sudo when the permission is denied. Change the file permission using chown.
sudo chown 755 file name
sudo command file_name

Installing a tar.gz on Linux

I have downloaded Node.js from this link, which points to this link when clicking the button:
https://nodejs.org/dist/v4.1.2/node-v4.1.2-linux-x64.tar.gz
As advice from the Ubuntu community on installing the tar.gz, the following steps are followed.
$ ./configure
$ make
$ [sudo] make install
The problem is the current file I have downloaded does not contain ./configure.
So how do I install this? Should I extract this to the usr/ folder?
My OS is Debian 8 (Jessie).
Should I include the Java package from Oracle? Is it safe to extract these files to the /usr folder?
You can download this file from the browser or from the console. The latter is shown below (note: the specific Node.js version might be different for you):
Example :
wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v8.1.1/node-v8.1.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
sudo tar -C /usr/local --strip-components 1 -xzf node-v8.1.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
#tar options:
-x, --extract, --get
extract files from an archive
-f, --file ARCHIVE
use archive file or device ARCHIVE
-z, --gzip, --gunzip --ungzip`
You may find list of node version on http://nodejs.org/dist/
You should now have both Node.js and npm installed in “/usr/local/bin”. You can check this typing:
ls -l /usr/local/bin/node ls -l /usr/local/bin/npm
*An alternative way to install Node.js via the package manager:
Installing Node.js via package manager
Download the .tar.xz file form https://nodejs.org/en/ and then press Ctrl + Alt + T.
Then go to the destination that you downloaded your file to. For me it's my downloads folder. Then hit this command and Node.js will get installed on your system:
sudo tar -xf node-v16.0.0-linux-x64.tar.xz --directory=/usr/local --strip-components=1
This was the answer I had posted over two years ago, and here is what I recommand you right now, decompress the tarball, and keep it anywhere where your system knows ( tell it via updating $PATH ), its just a binary file, its not necessary to keep it in some specific location, you can keep it in your home directory and andd your bin folder to your bashrc or whatever shell you are using, its .rc file, and it will work just fine, at the end of the day, its just a pre-compiled binary file (inside node) nothing much.
Somebody in the comment section was saying npm, needs to be installed sepretly, this was in the early days of node back in 2012, when npm used to not ship with node, if you look inside bin folder npm binary is also there, so you dont need to install npm sepretly.
In case of installing from source code, you must download source code from https://nodejs.org/dist/v4.1.2/node-v4.1.2.tar.gz.
The file ending with .tar.gz is the compressed file like zip file, and you should extract the file before you can do another operation.
You can extract this file anywhere you need. In the terminal, change the location to your .tar.gz file:
$ cd /path/to/tar.gz/file
Then extract it using tar:
$ tar xvzf node-v4.1.2.tar.gz
Then change the location to the extracted directory
$ cd node-v4.1.2
After this, you can run .configure and 'make' it:
$ ./configure
$ make
$ [sudo] make install
Using the make utility is only necessary if you're compiling software. However, the tarballs provided by nodejs.org contain compiled binaries, not source code. Really you don't need to install it to use.
You can simply cd into the bin directory and run it via ./node. Though I'll say it's pretty useful to have it in your PATH. Where you put this directory doesn't really matter.
If you're installing it locally on your own machine, you can just untar it, tar xvfz node*tar.gz, to your home directory, add this to the file ~/.bashrc, and append the directory path your your PATH environment variable like so PATH=$PATH:/home/USERNAME/DIRECTORY/bin. Just change the path to the exact path to the bin folder in the directory you extracted.
You can also add these files to a directory that's already in your path, such as /usr/share or /usr/local by simple copying the files from the archive into these folders, as they share the same structure.
Run the following commands where your ta.xz file (no need for extraction) file is located in the terminal. NB: I used Kali Linux
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/nodejs
sudo tar -xJvf node-v14.4.0-linux-x64.tar.xz -C /usr/local/lib/nodejs
export PATH=/usr/local/lib/nodejs/node-node-v14.4.0-linux-x64/bin:$PATH
You can now check npm -v, node -v, and npx -v.
STEP 1:
Download your version of Node.js from the Node.js website or use the below command with your version:
wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v8.1.1/node-v8.1.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
You will get a Node.js file tar file after the above step.
STEP 2:
Just use the below command for installation
sudo tar -C /usr/local --strip-components 1 -xvf node-v8.1.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
I am mentioning version-specific installation of NVM and Node.js.
If you don't have brew installed, run this:
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
If you don't have wget installed, run this:
brew install wget
To install Node.js of a specific version, run these commands: Here, I'm installing NVM - v0.33.1 and Node.js of v0.12.6.
wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.1/install.sh | bash
source ~/.bashrc
nvm install v0.12.6
command -v nvm //verify install
You can do some this:
# Using Ubuntu or Debian
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_[version].x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
Where [version] must be replaced for your version of Node.js that you required install
For example, I required to install Node.js v.12
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
Download a suitable installation from
https://nodejs.org/en/download/
Incase of CentOS
Go to the downloaded file location
Execute the following
sudo tar -C /usr/local --strip-components 1 -xf "name of the tar.xz downloaded"
Check the installed version is correct
node --version
The given solution is correct, but it works for the source file and not the Linux distribution link used in the question above.
$ ./configure
$ make
$ [sudo] make install
The correct link is: https://nodejs.org/dist/v8.11.2/node-v8.11.2.tar.gz and we can use the above steps after downloading and extracting this file.
Download the latest version of Node.js from the official site, https://nodejs.org/en/
Steps to install:
Extract to any of the directories where you wish to install Node.js using a command or archive manager window
Open the terminal
Run '$sudo su'
Being superuser and open the profile file using 'nano ~/.profile'
At the end of the file, add:
# Node.js
export PATH=/path-to-bin.executable:$PATH
The path to bin application located within the bin folder of Node.js extracted folder is to be pasted in the above line
Save using Ctrl + O then come out by Ctrl + X
Refresh profile by the command '.~/.profile'
Come out of superuser by the 'exit' command
Again for normal users, use 'sudo'
'sudo nano ~/.profile'
Add the line at the end:
# Node.js
export PATH=/path-to-bin.executable:$PATH
Same as in step 5
Save and exit
Here the refresh command as above won't work, so restart the system to finish installation correctly
To get the version, issue 'node -v'

CoreOS - Unable to access /mnt due to Permissions issue on /var/lib/docker

Im trying to copy a file to a docker container using the /mnt but I get this weird error when trying to sudo into the docker folder on CoreOS.
Core User:
core#dockermanager ~ $ cd /var/lib/docker
-bash: cd: /var/lib/docker: Permission denied
Sudo:
core#dockermanager ~ $ sudo cd /var/lib/docker
sudo: cd: command not found
Anyone else encounter this/know the explantion?
Exec-Driver - native-0.2
Kernel 3.18.6
CoreOS 607.0.0
Thanks for all the comments as I am relatively new to the Docker environment.
It isn't an ideal way nor what I would choose to do, but Im trying to run a testing environment for Drupal and wanted to add a theme and FTP isnt available.
Run sudo -s and then cd /var/lib/docker.
Your first command doesn't work because the core user doesn't have permissions to access that folder. Your second command doesn't work because sudo is not running your command inside of a shell that interprets it like you expect.

Problems installing Pycharm

I am trying to install pycharm on my linux OS.
following the instructions pycharm/dowload.
Since I run a linux machine I made sure the pychrarm files in the current directory:
ietX220:~$ ls
Desktop pycharm-community-4.0.1
Documents Music
pycharm-community- 4.0.1.tar.gz
Downloads New Folder Templates
Dropbox octave-workspace Videos
examples.desktop Pictures VirtualBox VMs
jdk1.8.0_25 Public Win7-PV2hh-6c3HY-
QJHM9-8RJJH-P86W8.iso
ietX220:~$ pycharm-*.tar.gz
pycharm-community-4.0.1.tar.gz: command not found
As you can see the pycharm file is in the current(home) directory but is not found.
Then I opened the tar file made pycharm.sh executable:
chmod +x pycharm.sh
And then ran:
~/pycharm-community-4.0.1/bin$ ./pycharm.sh
Startup Error: Application cannot start in headless mode
What am I doing wrong?
I am having the same issue. It looks like maybe you and I both have a minimal (headless) Java install on our systems. Use your system's method for finding installed packages and search for Java, and i'll bet you find only openjdk-headless
yum list installed | grep openjdk
# or on debian-based systems
# dpkg --get-selections | grep openjdk
# =>java-1.7.0-openjdk-headless
Solution then is to install the same package without the "-headless" suffix.
Here's where I am getting my information for the solution: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1177379
I had the same problem and as mentioned before the error was that openjdk was headless. What i did is i installed from the begining openjdk using the command apt-get install default-jdk (for ubuntu). I know it's not the best way to do it, however it is rather quick and simple.
If you have already all the prerequisites (such as Java) installed, try out charmy (PyCharm installer for Linux).
virtualenv charmy-env
source charmy-env/bin/activate
pip install charmy
charmy install
That will install PyCharm into your home directory. It will also simplify your feature PyCharm upgrades. To upgrade you would just have to type
charmy install
instead of downloading distribution manually, unpacking it, etc.
See https://pypi.python.org/pypi/charmy for more.
PYcharm is now available as a snap. Can be easily installed as below
sudo apt update && sudo apt install snapd
Then the community edition can be installed by
sudo snap install pycharm-community --classic
The classic escape is to get snaps that have been published with classic confinements
220:~$ pycharm-*.tar.gz
pycharm-community-4.0.1.tar.gz: command not found
gz files are not executable files. I think the current directory is not in your PATH variable. To get around that you would do "./pycharm-community-3.0.1.tar.gz" and you should see the message "Permission denied" as the gz file would not have execute permission. And if you gave it execute permission it would say "cannot execute binary file: Exec format error".
These are the instructions from the JetBrains website:
Copy the pycharm-*.tar.gz to the desired installation location
(make sure you have rw permissions for that directory)
Unpack the pycharm-*.tar.gz using the following command:
tar xfz pycharm-*.tar.gz
Remove the pycharm-*.tar.gz to save disk space (optional)
Run pycharm.sh from the bin subdirectory
NOTE: PyCharm on Linux doesn't need special installation or running
any installation script. It runs out of the pycharm-*.tar.gz
If you run the command "tar xfz pycharm-*.tar.gz" you should end up with a directory in your current directory named "pycharm-community-4.0.3".
If you cd pycharm-community-4.0.3/bin, "ls -al" should show that pycharm.sh is already executable. Run pycharm.sh and you should be done. The script will prompt for a password at the end so it can put a startup script in a system directory. You must have admin privileges for that part to work. But if you don't, you can still start PyCharm by executing "[path to pycharm directory]/bin/pycharm.sh &" at the command prompt.
I am not sure what the "NOTE:" is saying, but I would ignore it as you get a working PyCharm by doing what it says above the NOTE: .
Setup the newest stable jdk(like jdk1.7 or jdk 1.8) in your system, and set it is the default jdk.
1.download JDK8
2.SET JAVA HOME
sudo gedit /etc/environment
export JAVA_HOME=/home/username/Java/jdk1.8
export JRE_HOME=/home/username/Java/jdk1.8
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
sudo gedit /etc/profile
//before umask xxx adde
export JAVA_HOME=/home/username/Java/jdk1.8
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
3. run pycharm
./pycharm.sh

Configuring Terminal on Mac

I installed Node.js via the precompiled package but I can't access it correctly via the Terminal.
> node
does not work instead I have to type:
> sudo /usr/local/bin/node
My $PATH reads:
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/opt/X11/bin:/usr/texbin
What do I need to configure?
I am running OSX 10.10 (14A299l) (XCode6 Beta 4 is installed)
If you compiled this package as root it is likely that the file structure all has root ownership. What do you see when you type,
ls -l /usr/local/bin/
If the node.js folder says something like root:root before it then you need to change the permissions via
chmod -R user:user /usr/local/bin/node....

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