I have this this bash script as a crontab running every hour. I want to keep the latest 1,000 images in a folder, deleting the oldest files. I don't want to delete by mtime because if no new files are being uploaded, I want to keep them, it's fine to keep if image is 1 day or 50 days old, I just want when image 1,001 is uploaded (newest) image_1 (oldest) will be deleted, cycling through folder to keep a static amount of 1,000 images.
This works, However at ever hour, there could be now 1,200 by the time it executes. Running the crontab every say minute seems to be overkill. Can I make it so once the folder hits 1,001 images it auto executes? Basically I want the folder to be self-scanning and keep the newest 1,000 images, deleted the oldest one.
#!/bin/sh
cd /folder/to/execute; ls -t | sed -e '1,1000d' | xargs -d '\n' rm
keep=10 #set this to how many files want to keep
discard=$(expr $keep - $(ls|wc -l))
if [ $discard -lt 0 ]; then
ls -Bt|tail $discard|tr '\n' '\0'|xargs -0 printf "%b\0"|xargs -0 rm --
fi
This first calculates the number of files to delete, then safely passes them to rm. It uses negative numbers intentionally, since that conveniently works as the argument to tail.
The use of tr and xargs -0 is to ensure that this works even if file names contain spaces. The printf bit is to handle file names containing newlines.
EDIT: added -- to rm args to be safe if any of the files to be deleted start with a hyphen.
Try the following script.It first checks the count in the current directory and then , if the count is greater than 1000 , it evaluates the difference and then gets the oldest such files.
#/bin/bash
count=`ls -1 | wc -l`
if [ $count -gt 1000 ]
then
difference=${count-1000}
dirnames=`ls -t * | tail -n $difference`
arr=($dirnames)
for i in "${arr[#]}"
do
echo $i
done
fi
Related
How do I keep the latest 8 backup files and delete the older one
backup-Y-M-D.zip
backup-Y-M-D.zip
backup-Y-M-D.zip
backup-Y-M-D.zip
.
.
backup-Y-M-D.zip
There are about 80 files having .zip extension all I wanted to do is to keep latest 8 files according to the date on which created. I also tried logrotate but failed to rotate logs as it is not doing anything. Below down is the config file of logrotate.
/root/test/*.zip {
daily
missingok
extension .zip
rotate 4
nocompress
}
If the naming convention is guaranteed you could just rely on the alphabetical ordering of the files when expanding a glob pattern to get the oldest or newest files. According to Filename Expansion:
After word splitting, unless the -f option has been set (see The Set Builtin), Bash scans each word for the characters ‘*’, ‘?’, and ‘[’. If one of these characters appears, and is not quoted, then the word is regarded as a pattern, and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of filenames matching the pattern (see Pattern Matching).
Demo:
[user#hostname]$ touch backup-2022-06-14.zip backup-2022-06-13.zip backup-2021-07-04.zip
[user#hostname]$ echo *
backup-2021-07-04.zip backup-2022-06-13.zip backup-2022-06-14.zip
You can leverage this to get a list of files other than the last N elements:
[user#hostname]$ all_files=(*)
[user#hostname]$ old_files=( "${all_files[#]:0:${#all_files[#]}-1}" ) #change -1 to -8 if you want to keep the 8 newest
[user#hostname]$ echo "${old_files[#]}"
backup-2021-07-04.zip backup-2022-06-13.zip
And then do whatever you want with that list, such as remove it with rm "${old_files[#]}".
One way to do this is with the following one-liner, ran from the directory where the logs are located:
ls -t | head -n -8 | xargs --no-run-if-empty rm
Explanation:
ls -t - lists all the files in order from youngest to oldest
head -n -8 - gets all the files except the first 8
xargs --no-run-if-empty rm - deletes the selected files if there are any, preventing errors if you ever have fewer than 8 logs
If you want to set this up to run automatically every day, giving you peace of mind in case your server is offline on the 7th day of a cycle and misses the one week mark, run crontab -e and add the following to your jobs:
0 0 * * * cd yourDirNameHere && ls -t | head -n -8 | xargs --no-run-if-empty rm
Then the log cleaner will be ran every night at midnight.
I am writing a batch program to delete all file in a directory with condition in filename.
In the directory there's a large number of text file (~ hundreds of thousand of files) with filename fixed as "abc" + date
abc_20180820.txt
abc_20180821.txt
abc_20180822.txt
abc_20180823.txt
abc_20180824.txt
The program try to grep all the file, compare the date to a fixed-date, delete it if filename's date < fixed date.
But the problem is it took so long to handle that large amount of file (~1 hour to delete 300k files).
My question: Is there a way to compare the date when running ls command? Not get all file in a list then compare to delete, but list only file already meet the condition then delete. I think that will have better performance.
My code is
TARGET_DATE = "5-12"
DEL_DATE = "20180823"
ls -t | grep "[0-9]\{8\}".txt\$ > ${LIST}
for EACH_FILE in `cat ${LIST}` ;
do
DATE=`echo ${EACH_FILE} | cut -c${TARGET_DATE }`
COMPARE=`expr "${DATE}" \< "${DEL_DATE}"`
if [ $COMPARE -eq 1 ] ;
then
rm -f ${EACH_FILE}
fi
done
Found some similar problem but I dont know how to get it done
List file using ls with a condition and process/grep files that only whitespaces
Here is a refactoring which gets rid of the pesky ls. Looping over a large directory is still going to be somewhat slow.
# Use lowercase for private variables
# to avoid clobbering a reserved system variable
# You can't have spaces around the equals sign
del_date="20180823"
# No need for ls here
# No need for a temporary file
for filename in *[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9].txt
do
# Avoid external process; use the shell's parameter substitution
date=${filename%.txt}
# This could fail if the file name contains literal shell metacharacters!
date=${date#${date%?????????}}
# Avoid expr
if [ "$date" -lt "$del_date" ]; then
# Just print the file name, null-terminated for xargs
printf '%s\0' "$filename"
fi
done |
# For efficiency, do batch delete
xargs -r0 rm
The wildcard expansion will still take a fair amount of time because the shell will sort the list of filenames. A better solution is probably to refactor this into a find command which avoids the sorting.
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f \( \
-name '*1[89][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9].txt' \
-o -name '*201[0-7][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9].txt' \
-o -name '*20180[1-7][0-9][0-9].txt ' \
-o -name '*201808[01][0-9].txt' \
-o -name '*2018082[0-2].txt' \
\) -delete
You could do something like:
rm 201[0-7]*.txt # remove all files from 2010-2017
rm 20180[1-4]*.txt # remove all files from Jan-Apr 2018
# And so on
...
to remove a large number of files. Then your code would run faster.
Yes it takes a lot of time if you have so many files in one folder.
It is bad idea to keep so many files in one folder. Even simple ls or find will be killing storage. And if you have some scripts which iterate over your files, you are for sure killing storage.
So after you wait for one hour to clean it. Take time and make better folders structure. It is good idea to sort files according to years/month/days ... possibly hours
e.g.
somefolder/2018/08/24/...files here
Then you can easily delete, move compress ... whole month or year.
I found a solution in this thread.
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/199554/get-files-with-a-name-containing-a-date-value-less-than-or-equal-to-a-given-inpu
The awk command is so powerful, only take me ~1 minute to deal with hundreds of thousand of files (1/10 compare to the loop).
ls | awk -v date="$DEL_DATE" '$0 <= date' | xargs rm -vrf
I can even count, copy, move with that command with the fastest answer I've ever seen.
COUNT="$(ls | awk -v date="${DEL_DATE}" '$0 <= target' | xargs rm -vrf | wc -l)"
I want to remove all the logs except the current log and the log before that.
These log files are created after 20 minutes.So the files names are like
abc_23_19_10_3341.log
abc_23_19_30_3342.log
abc_23_19_50_3241.log
abc_23_20_10_3421.log
where 23 is today's date(might include yesterday's date also)
19 is the hour(7 o clock),10,30,50,10 are the minutes.
In this case i want i want to keep abc_23_20_10_3421.log which is the current log(which is currently being writen) and abc_23_19_50_3241.log(the previous one)
and remove the rest.
I got it to work by creating a folder,putting the first files in that folder and removing the files and then deleting it.But that's too long...
I also tried this
files_nodelete=`ls -t | head -n 2 | tr '\n' '|'`
rm *.txt | egrep -v "$files_nodelete"
but it didnt work.But if i put ls instead of rm it works.
I am an amateur in linux.So please suggest a simple idea..or a logic..xargs rm i tried but it didnt work.
Also read about mtime,but seems abit complicated since I am new to linux
Working on a solaris system
Try the logadm tool in Solaris, it might be the simplest way to rotate logs. If you just want to get things done, it will do it.
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23823_01/html/816-5166/logadm-1m.html
If you want a solution similar (but working) to your try this:
ls abc*.log | sort | head -n-2 | xargs rm
ls abc*.log: list all files, matching the pattern abc*.log
sort: sorts this list lexicographical (by name) from oldes to to newest logfile
head -n-2: return all but the last two entry in the list (you can give -n a negativ count too)
xargs rm: compose the rm command with the entries from stdin
If there are two or less files in the directory, this command will return an error like
rm: missing operand
and will not delete any files.
It is usually not a good idea to use ls to point to files. Some files may cause havoc (files which have a [Newline] or a weird character in their name are the usual exemples ....).
Using shell globs : Here is an interresting way : we count the files newer than the one we are about to remove!
pattern='abc*.log'
for i in $pattern ; do
[ -f "$i" ] || break ;
#determine if this is the most recent file, in the current directory
# [I add -maxdepth 1 to limit the find to only that directory, no subdirs]
if [ $(find . -maxdepth 1 -name "$pattern" -type f -newer "$i" -print0 | tr -cd '\000' | tr '\000' '+' | wc -c) -gt 1 ];
then
#there are 2 files more recent than $i that match the pattern
#we can delete $i
echo rm "$i" # remove the echo only when you are 100% sure that you want to delete all those files !
else
echo "$i is one of the 2 most recent files matching '${pattern}', I keep it"
fi
done
I only use the globbing mechanism to feed filenames to "find", and just use the terminating "0" of the -printf0 to count the outputed filenames (thus I have no problems with any special characters in those filenames, I just need to know how many files were outputted)
tr -cd "\000" will keep only the \000, ie the terminating NUL character outputed by print0. Then I translate each \000 to a single + character, and I count them with the wc -c. If I see 0, "$i" was the most recent file. If I see 1, "$i" was the one just a bit older (so the find sees only the most recent one). And if I see more than 1, it means the 2 files (mathching the pattern) that we want to keep are newer than "$i", so we can delete "$i"
I'm sure someone will step in with a better one, but the idea could be reused, I guess...
Thanks guyz for all the answers.
I found my answer
files=`ls -t *.txt | head -n 2 | tr '\n' '|' | rev |cut -c 2- |rev`
rm `ls -t | egrep -v "$files"`
Thank you for the help
Here is my problem,
I have a folder where is stored multiple files with a specific format:
Name_of_file.TypeMM-DD-YYYY-HH:MM
where MM-DD-YYYY-HH:MM is the time of its creation. There could be multiple files with the same name but not the same time of course.
What i want is a script that can keep the 3 newest version of each file.
So, I found one example there:
Deleting oldest files with shell
But I don't want to delete a number of files but to keep a certain number of newer files. Is there a way to get that find command, parse in the Name_of_file and keep the 3 newest???
Here is the code I've tried yet, but it's not exactly what I need.
find /the/folder -type f -name 'Name_of_file.Type*' -mtime +3 -delete
Thanks for help!
So i decided to add my final solution in case anyone liked to get it. It's a combination of the 2 solutions given.
ls -r | grep -P "(.+)\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{2}:\d{2}" | awk 'NR > 3' | xargs rm
One line, super efficiant. If anything changes on the pattern of date or name just change the grep -P pattern to match it. This way you are sure that only the files fitting this pattern will get deleted.
Can you be extra, extra sure that the timestamp on the file is the exact same timestamp on the file name? If they're off a bit, do you care?
The ls command can sort files by timestamp order. You could do something like this:
$ ls -t | awk 'NR > 3' | xargs rm
THe ls -t lists the files by modification time where the newest are first.
The `awk 'NR > 3' prints out the list of files except for the first three lines which are the three newest.
The xargs rm will remove the files that are older than the first three.
Now, this isn't the exact solution. There are possible problems with xargs because file names might contain weird characters or whitespace. If you can guarantee that's not the case, this should be okay.
Also, you probably want to group the files by name, and keep the last three. Hmm...
ls | sed 's/MM-DD-YYYY-HH:MM*$//' | sort -u | while read file
do
ls -t $file* | awk 'NR > 3' | xargs rm
done
The ls will list all of the files in the directory. The sed 's/\MM-DD-YYYY-HH:MM//' will remove the date time stamp from the files. Thesort -u` will make sure you only have the unique file names. Thus
file1.txt-01-12-1950
file2.txt-02-12-1978
file2.txt-03-12-1991
Will be reduced to just:
file1.txt
file2.txt
These are placed through the loop, and the ls $file* will list all of the files that start with the file name and suffix, but will pipe that to awk which will strip out the newest three, and pipe that to xargs rm that will delete all but the newest three.
Assuming we're using the date in the filename to date the archive file, and that is possible to change the date format to YYYY-MM-DD-HH:MM (as established in comments above), here's a quick and dirty shell script to keep the newest 3 versions of each file within the present working directory:
#!/bin/bash
KEEP=3 # number of versions to keep
while read FNAME; do
NODATE=${FNAME:0:-16} # get filename without the date (remove last 16 chars)
if [ "$NODATE" != "$LASTSEEN" ]; then # new file found
FOUND=1; LASTSEEN="$NODATE"
else # same file, different date
let FOUND="FOUND + 1"
if [ $FOUND -gt $KEEP ]; then
echo "- Deleting older file: $FNAME"
rm "$FNAME"
fi
fi
done < <(\ls -r | grep -P "(.+)\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{2}:\d{2}")
Example run:
[me#home]$ ls
another_file.txt2011-02-11-08:05
another_file.txt2012-12-09-23:13
delete_old.sh
not_an_archive.jpg
some_file.exe2011-12-12-12:11
some_file.exe2012-01-11-23:11
some_file.exe2012-12-10-00:11
some_file.exe2013-03-01-23:11
some_file.exe2013-03-01-23:12
[me#home]$ ./delete_old.sh
- Deleting older file: some_file.exe2012-01-11-23:11
- Deleting older file: some_file.exe2011-12-12-12:11
[me#home]$ ls
another_file.txt2011-02-11-08:05
another_file.txt2012-12-09-23:13
delete_old.sh
not_an_archive.jpg
some_file.exe2012-12-10-00:11
some_file.exe2013-03-01-23:11
some_file.exe2013-03-01-23:12
Essentially, but changing the file name to dates in the form to YYYY-MM-DD-HH:MM, a normal string sort (such as that done by ls) will automatically group similar files together sorted by date-time.
The ls -r on the last line simply lists all files within the current working directly print the results in reverse order so newer archive files appear first.
We pass the output through grep to extract only files that are in the correct format.
The output of that command combination is then looped through (see the while loop) and we can simply start deleting after 3 occurrences of the same filename (minus the date portion).
This pipeline will get you the 3 newest files (by modification time) in the current dir
stat -c $'%Y\t%n' file* | sort -n | tail -3 | cut -f 2-
To get all but the 3 newest:
stat -c $'%Y\t%n' file* | sort -rn | tail -n +4 | cut -f 2-
I have a script that i run on 2k servers simultaneously that creates a temp working directory on a NAS.
The script builds a list of files...the list could be 1k files or 1m files.
I run a for loop on the list to run some grep commands on each file
counter=0
num_files=`wc -l $filelist`
cat $filelist| while read line; do
do_stuff_here
counter=`expr $counter+ 1`
((percent=$counter/$num_files))
##CREATE a file named "$percent".percent
done
What I am thinking is I can take the total number of files from the list ( wc -l $filelist) and add a counter that i increase by 1 in the loop.
I can then divide $counter/$num_files.
This seems to work, but the problem I have is that I would like to rename the same file, instead of just creating a new one each time. What can i do here?
I do not want this to output to stdout/stderr....i already have enough stuff going to these places. I would like to be able to browse to a subdir in WinSCP and quickly see where each is.
Try this one
touch 0.percent
counter=0
num_files=$(wc -l $filelist)
num_files=${num_files/ */}
cat $filelist| while read line; do
do_stuff_here
mv -f {$((counter*100/num_files)),$((++counter*100/num_files))}.percent
done
rm -f *.percent