When running a section of my tcl script I would like to warn certain users with open terminals of what is happening. At the same time letting them know which terminal the message is being sent from. So far I have:
set who [exec who]
set user [lindex $who 0]
set who [split $who "\n"]
for { set i 0 } { $i < [llength $who] } { incr i } {
set current [lindex $who $i]
exec write $user [lindex $current 1]
# I would now like to send a message to this user
}
Except when I hit the "write" section the code gets stuck. As it can't exit. How do I pass tcl for shell variables to be written to desired user's terminal? Then exit the write section?
It does not look like i can use the "wall" command in linux.
You also need to supply an actual message to send. Assuming you are sending the same message to each, just put the message in a variable at the top of your script and use a heredoc with exec to supply it as write's standard input.
set who [exec who]
set user [lindex $who 0]
set who [split $who "\n"]
set message "The quick brown fox is jumping over the lazy dog.\n"
for { set i 0 } { $i < [llength $who] } { incr i } {
set current [lindex $who $i]
exec write $user [lindex $current 1] << $message
}
Related
I try to automate some tasks with an exepect file, but when I try to send cat and display my file nothing happens, the file exists, I can display it when I type the command manually.
I have the impression that it is working in the background, but this is not the result I expect.
#!/usr/bin/expect
set ip [ lindex $argv 0 ]
set port [ lindex $argv 1 ]
set user [ lindex $argv 2 ]
set password [ exec cat "../../flag04/flag" ]
spawn ssh "$user\#$ip" "-p $port"
expect "password:" { send "$password\r" }
send "echo 'bin/getflag >> /tmp/flag05' >> /opt/openarenaserver/script.sh\r"
expect ":~$" { send "cat /tmp/flag05\r" }
interact
I just find the anwser, it missed a space after :$ after the dollar sign
I have a expect script that spawn a process. The process ends quickly and sometimes it takes few seconds. It is a SQL query.
I have tried different things at the end of the script but still get the error below sometimes
expect: spawn id exp7 not open
Things tried:
1. interact
2. expect eof
3. exp_continue
4. expect eof
catch wait result
What is the fool proof way to let the process and then exit expect script?
#!/usr/local/bin/expect
###exp_internal -f debug_info.log 0;
set username [lindex $argv 0]
set firstname [lindex $argv 1]
set lastname [lindex $argv 2]
set mypassword [lindex $argv 3]
set userpassword [lindex $argv 4]
set LOG_FILE [open /home/applusr/e291505/logs/ADD.log a]
set today [ exec /bin/date +%Y-%m-%d-%T]
set ::env(sec) /home/root/admin
puts $LOG_FILE "\n------------------ADD_SCRIPT - $today----$username--$firstname--$lastname--$env(sec)-"
close $LOG_FILE
set timeout 10
log_user 0
log_file -a /home/applusr/e291505/logs/ADD.log
spawn $env(sec)/add.mims.user $username "$firstname $lastname"
set addID $spawn_id
expect "e291505's Password:*" { send "$mypassword\n" }
expect "$username's New password:*" { send "$userpassword\n" }
expect "Enter the new password again:*" { send "$userpassword\n" }
expect "Password:" { sleep 1; send "$mypassword\n" }
##interact
This is how you handle things to conditionally expect:
spawn $env(sec)/add.mims.user $username "$firstname $lastname"
set addID $spawn_id
expect "e291505's Password:*"
send -- "$mypassword\n"
expect "$username's New password:*"
send -- "$userpassword\n"
expect "Enter the new password again:*"
send -- "$userpassword\n"
expect {
"Password:" { send -- "$mypassword\n"; exp_continue }
eof
}
The last expect command will find that password prompt or the end of the process, whichever happens first. If the password prompt is seen, the exp_continue command "loops" within that expect command so that you keep waiting to see eof.
Note that I tweaked the send commands: you are now protected from any of the passwords starting with a hyphen.
I've been trying to get an expect/bash script that can read each line of a CSV file and pull both the hostname address and the password; as these are all different for each MikroTik I am trying to access.
I've recently sent an auto.rsc file to several thousand MikroTik routers that are being used as a residential solution. This file filled up the HDD (it had an IP scan which created a log that managed to do the deed.) This prevents me from sending additional auto.rsc files to purge the logs as there is no available room.
The solution I came up with was to use an expect script to login to these and delete the auto.log file. This was successful with my RSA script.
set timeout 3
set f [open "dynuList.txt"]
set dynu [split [read $f] "\n"]
close $f
foreach dynu $dynu {
spawn ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -i mtk4.key admin+t#$dynu
expect {
"> " { send "\:do \{ file remove push.auto.log \} on-error\=\{ \[\] \}\r" }
"Connection refused" { catch {exp_close}; exp_wait; continue }
eof { exp_wait; continue }
}
expect ".*"
close
wait
}
The script I am having issues with is as follows:
n=`wc -l hostPasswordDynuList.csv | awk '{print$1}'`
i=1
while [ $i -le $n ]
do
host='awk -F "," 'NR==$i {print $1}' hostPasswordDynuList.csv'
password='awk -F "," 'NR==$i {print $2}' hostPasswordDynuList.csv'
./removeLogExpect.sh $host $password
i=`expr $i + 1`
done
Which should pass variables to this expect script
#!/usr/bin/bash/expect -f
set timeout 3
set host [lindex $argv 0]
set password [lindex $argv 1]
spawn ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" admin+t#$host
expect {
"password: " { send $password"\r" }
"Connection refused" { catch {exp_close}; exp_wait; continue }
eof { exp_wait; continue }
}
expect {
".*" { send "\:do \{ file remove push.auto.log \} on-error\=\{ \[\] \}\r" }
}
expect ".*"
close
wait
I was hoping that the script would be able to connect to then login to each MikroTik that didn't have RSA keys setup and then the command to clear out the auto.log file. As it stands the script doesn't seem to be passing the variables to the expect half whatsoever. Any help would be appreciated.
expect is an extension of the Tcl language, which is a fully featured programming language: it can read files and parse comma separated fields. There's no need for an inefficient shell script to invoke your expect program multiple times
#!/usr/bin/bash/expect -f
set timeout 3
set file hostPasswordDynuList.csv
set fh [open $file r]
while {[gets $fh line] != -1} {
lassign [split $line ,] host password
spawn ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" admin+t#$host
expect {
"password: " { send $password"\r" }
"Connection refused" {
catch {exp_close}
exp_wait
continue
}
eof {
exp_wait
continue
}
}
expect ".*"
send ":do { file remove push.auto.log } on-error={ \[\] }\r"
expect ".*"
exp_close
exp_wait
}
close $fh
See https://tcl.tk/man/tcl8.6/TclCmd/contents.htm for documentation on Tcl's builtin commands.
The line expect ".*" is probably not doing what you think it does: the default pattern matching style is glob, so .* looks for a literal dot followed by any number of characters. You might be thinking of the regular expression "any character zero or more times" for which you would need to add the -re option.
However, the key to robust expect code is to expect more specific patterns.
I have an expect script that looks like:
#!/usr/bin/expect
set path_start [lindex $argv 0]
set host [lindex $argv 1]
spawn ssh root#$host telnet jpaxdp
expect {\-> }
set fh [open ${path_start}${host} r]
while {[gets $fh line] != -1} {
send "$line\r"
expect {\-> }
}
close $fh
send "exit\r"
expect eof
and I call it like ./script.sh cmds_ cc1, now my hosts are numbered 1 - 8 and I tried to call the script like ./script cmds_ cc[1-8] but that didn't work as the script interpreted host[1-8] as argument and showed me:
spawn ssh root#cc[1-8] telnet jpaxdp
ssh: Could not resolve hostname cc[1-8]: Name or service not known
couldn't open "cmds_cc[1-8]": no such file or directory
while executing
"open ${path_start}${host} r"
invoked from within
"set fh [open ${path_start}${host} r]"
(file "./script.sh" line 7)
How can I make this work?
cc[1-8] is a filename wildcard, it looks for files that match that pattern. If there aren't any, the wildcard itself is kept in the argument list. To get a range of numbers, use cc{1..8}. And to run the command repeatedly, you need a for loop.
for host in cc{1..8}
do
./script.sh cmds_ "$host"
done
I was able to transfer files with scp and expect, now I tried to upload several files at once:
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
# Escapes spaces in a text
proc esc text {
return [regsub -all {\ } $text {\\&}]
}
# Uploads several files to a specified server
proc my_scp_multi {ACCOUNT SERVER PW files newfolder} {
set timeout 30
send_user -- "\n"
spawn scp $files $ACCOUNT#$SERVER:[esc $newfolder]
match_max 100000
# Look for password prompt
expect {
-re ".*Connection closed.*" {
sendError "\n\n\nUpload failed!\nPlease check the errors above and start over again.\nThis is most likely induced by too many wrong password-attempts and will last quite a time!"
}
-re ".*Permission denied.*" {
sendError "\n\n\nUpload failed!\nPlease check the errors above and start over again.\nYou entered most likely a wrong password!"
}
-re ".*Are.*.*yes.*no.*" {
send "yes\n"
exp_continue
#look for the password prompt
}
-re ".*sword.*" {
# Send password aka $PW
send -- "$PW\r"
# send blank line (\r) to make sure we get back to gui
send -- "\r\n"
exp_continue
}
send_user -- "Upload successful!\n"
}
set timeout -1
}
When I want to upload several files, the sh command is:
scp $a $b $c user#server:$folder, so I called my_scp_multi "ACCOUNT" "SERVER" "PW" "~/testfileA ~/testfileB ~/testfileC" "~/test/". Which also produces this output:
spawn scp ~/testfileA ~/testfileB ~/testfileC user#server:~/test/
user#server's password:
~/testfileA ~/testfileB ~/testfileC: No such file or directory
It seems to see "~/testfileA ~/testfileB ~/testfileC" as one file. But when I copy-paste scp ~/testfileA ~/testfileB ~/testfileC user#server:~/test/ to the console it works fine!
What am I doing wrong? I've tried "\"~/testfileA\" \"~/testfileB\" \"~/testfileC\"" and such things, but nothing did work at all.
Any ideas or suggestions?
EDITS
P.S.: I'm transferring rather small files. Building up a connection is the biggest part of the transfer. This is the reason I want it to be done in ONE scp.
P.P.S.:
I played around a little and came up with:
my_scp_multi3 "user" "server" "pw" "~/a\ b/testfileA, ~/a\\ b/testfileB, ~/a\\\ b/testfileC" "~/test"
with your first solution but {*}[split $files ","] and
my_scp_multi2 "user" "server" "pw" "~/a b/testfileA" "~/a\ b/testfileB" "~/a\\ b/testfileC" "~/test"
with your second solution. This prints:
~/a b/testfileA: No such file or directory
~/a\ b/testfileB: No such file or directory
~/a\ b/testfileC: No such file or directory
and
~/a b/testfileA: No such file or directory
~/a b/testfileB: No such file or directory
~/a\ b/testfileC: No such file or directory
(BTW: I of course moved the files :) )
Thanks to all the answers, here my Solution:
using \n \0 (nullbyte) as separator, because it is the only symbol except / and \ which may not be used in filenames.
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
# Escapes spaces in a text
proc esc text {
return [regsub -all {\ } $text {\\&}]
}
# Returns the absolute Filepath
proc makeAbsolute {pathname} {
file join [pwd] $pathname
}
proc addUploadFile {files f} {
if {$files != ""} {
set files "$files\0"
}
return "$files[makeAbsolute $f]"
}
#Counts all files from an upload-list
proc countUploadFiles {s} {
set rc [llength [split $s "\0"]]
incr rc -1
return $rc
}
# Uploads several files from a list (created by addUploadFile) to a specified server
proc my_scp_multi {ACCOUNT SERVER PW files newfolder} {
foreground blue
set nFiles [countUploadFiles $files]
set timeout [expr $nFiles * 60]
send_user -- "\n"
spawn scp -r {*}[split $files "\0"] $ACCOUNT#$SERVER:[esc $newfolder]
match_max 100000
# Look for password prompt
expect {
-re ".*Connection closed.*" {
sendError "\n\n\nUpload failed!\nPlease check the errors above and start over again.\nThis is most likely induced by too many wrong password-attempts and will last quite a time!"
}
-re ".*Permission denied.*" {
sendError "\n\n\nUpload failed!\nPlease check the errors above and start over again.\nYou entered most likely a wrong password!"
}
-re ".*Are.*.*yes.*no.*" {
send "yes\n"
exp_continue
#look for the password prompt
}
-re ".*sword.*" {
# Send password aka $PW
send -- "$PW\r"
# send blank line (\r) to make sure we get back to gui
send -- "\r\n"
exp_continue
}
send_user -- "Upload successful!\n"
}
set timeout -1
}
set fls [addUploadFile "" "a b/testfileA"]
set fls [addUploadFile $fls "a b/testfileB"]
set fls [addUploadFile $fls "a b/testfileC"]
my_scp_multi "user" "server" "pw" $fls "~/test"
You don't want to send the filenames as a single string. Either do this:
spawn scp {*}[split $files] $ACCOUNT#$SERVER:[esc $newfolder]
And continue to quote the filenames:
my_scp_multi "ACCOUNT" "SERVER" "PW" "~/testfileA ~/testfileB ~/testfileC" "~/test/"
or do this:
proc my_scp_multi {ACCOUNT SERVER PW args} {
set timeout 30
send_user -- "\n"
set files [lrange $args 0 end-1]
set newfolder [lindex $args end]
spawn scp {*}$files $ACCOUNT#$SERVER:[esc $newfolder]
And then do not quote the filenames
my_scp_multi "ACCOUNT" "SERVER" "PW" ~/testfileA ~/testfileB ~/testfileC "~/test/"
The splat ({*}) splits the list up into it's individual elements so the spawn command sees several words, not a single word. See http://tcl.tk/man/tcl8.5/TclCmd/Tcl.htm
You could spawn a shell and then run the scp command instead:
spawn bash
send "scp $files $ACCOUNT#$SERVER:[esc $newfolder]\r"
This allows for glob expansion but adds extra housekeeping as you will need to trap when the scp process is completed, as you still have a shell running.
You could add below to your expect block:
-re "100%" {
if { $index < $count } {
set index [expr $index + 1]
exp_continue
}
}
Where index is the # of file being transferred and count the nr of files.
You should be using SSH public key authentication instead of typing in the password with expect. When it's set up properly, scp will work without any human input of passwords while keeping the system very secure. You will be free from all the troubles with expect.
How do I setup Public-Key Authentication?
http://www.ece.uci.edu/~chou/ssh-key.html
If there's some reason why you cannot use pubkey, you may find sftp useful because it accepts a batch command file as -b batchfile. See man 1 sftp Not a very good solution when expect can actually split the arguments