I'm currently working on a raspberry pi, which has OpenELEC as operating system. Unfortunately, apt-get can't be used on this distribution. I have a lot of things to install, and it would be way too long to do it without apt-get.
So my question is : Do you know any equivalent command of apt-get that can be used on OpenELEC, or a way to use apt-get on this OS?
Eventually, which OS would you advice me so I don't encounter this problem anymore?
Thanks in advance.
From OpenELEC WIKI:
Unlike other XBMC distributions, OpenELEC isn't based on Ubuntu,
Debian or Arch - in fact, it's not based on any distribution. Instead,
OpenELEC has been built from scratch specifically to act as a media
center. This means it can be streamlined to certain hardware and only
needs to include the packages absolutely required, making OpenELEC as
streamlined as possible. In addition, OpenELEC is designed to be
managed as an appliance - it can automatically update itself, is
managed almost entirely from within XBMC and boots in seconds. You
never need to see a management console or have Linux knowledge to use
it.
So the answer is: you can not use apt-get or similar.
You can change OS and use the official OS Raspbian, or if you need a media center you can use OSMC
Related
Folks!
I have used "Ubuntu" mainly 10.04 for a long time and I am changing the OS to Debian. I've worked with many GUIs such as Gnome, Unity, KDE, etc.. I really liked Unity especially "Unity 8". So as I do in many OSs I thought of installing Unity on a Debian shell and later on, I've downloaded Debian and installed on a VMware.
But I don't know what repository or what code I have to use to install Unity. While Unity 8 came out it was flooded all around the internet how to install it on Ubuntu 16.04. Should I use it? Should I use this code?
sudo apt-get install unity8-desktop-session-mir
Work is taking place to package Unity for Debian, but once that is complete, to run it on squeeze someone would need to back port it. That might not be possible, but if it is, it will certainly be very difficult, as there have been some major transitions in the library chains since squeeze was released (not least GTK3).
You will end up with so many libraries backported you will probably have been better off moving to Debian testing instead.
See also this Debian ITP bug, where one of the people who was working on this spells out how difficult it will be to get it into Debian at all at the moment.
Answer by jmtd
Actual question
AlienVault by default is a .iso image. It installed on the core of Debian. I want to install it on Ubuntu 12.04. How can I do that?! Is it possible or not? (AlienVault is a SIEM product; it is an open-source monitoring security logs .., and is used in a Security Operations Center. I need to install it on Ubuntu. All the files of this product are in the pool directory of its Debian .iso image.
Sadly, you cannot. OSSIM is an installable distribution. There are no individual packages. You can only install on bare system or in VM.
You can install it on VM or operating system. It can not be installed how you want it since it is not a package. If you are asking it having a specific network diagram at the back of your mind that needs to be changed since SIEM will be installed independently, but it can still integrate different operating solutions to itself even after.
I want to change linux distro my Development(Host) Machine which I use for embedded development.
I cross-compile applications for many different processors. It is required for me to download different different libraries to evaluate their functionality/Performance/Stability on different devices , as well as on PC.
So Is ubuntu 9.04 a good choice for me?
Thanks,
Sunny.
If you are using gcc or other source based compiler that runs on linux then I would say yes, you want a linux distro, and ubuntu is currently the most popular/best. I would try to avoid distro specific things, drive down the middle of the road and you should be able to use any distro equally well.
That will largely depend on your needs. For an embedded system, I'd go with any distribution that sports a very small footprint and supports the necessary hardware.
Depending on your hardware, Debian might work fine. You could create your image with debootstrap which allows for fairly small customized installs. It still includes apt and other things which might not be desirable, although that could be to your benefit if you need to push out updates.
If you did go with Debian, you could most likely do all your development on Ubuntu and then push to your embedded system.
i use ubuntu for my host system and a chrooted gentoo install for building apps for an embedded target. I found gentoo was a good choice as it is source distributed and easy to select what version of a particular library is installed.
One thing that is good to know is that ubuntu and derivatives uses dash and not bash as /bin/sh. This confuses crosstools and can give you severe headaches.
Why do Linux distros have different package managers?
I find this very strange because other software such as text editors, desktop environments and graphics software (Inkscape, Blender, GIMP) are shared among distributions. Why not have a common setup tool?
Like most things in the UNIX world where there are duplications of behaviour, it's a combination of many things, but mostly history, politics/religion, and the desire to build a better mousetrap / NiH syndrome. The existence of multiple system compononents that perform equivalent tasks is often praised as a useful feature, by open source proponents.
Broadly speaking you mostly need to worry about four flavours of package management system. You have the debian derived systems, like debian, ubuntu which use .deb and the apt/dpkg family of management tools. You have the redhat derived systems which use the .rpm format and the rpm / yum family of management tools. Feature wise these both are broadly equivalent, in my opinion.
The important thing is try and learn the toolset you're working with well, they're all well documented. Learn about how to check dependencies and verify package signatures and integrity, and find out what services a package provides, and conversely what package is responsible for a particular installed file or program, using the native package tools for your distribution of choice. Ideally learn the command line options to do this for yum and rpm and then dpkg and aptitude and you'll have most bases covered. Then use the GUI tools if you prefer.
I think the most important thing to remember is that it's generally a mistake to mix packages from different distributions or releases in the same system even if they use the same package format e.g. do not install debian .deb files on your ubuntu system, or SuSE rpm files on your Fedora system, unless you really understand what you're doing.
The other two flavours I mentioned are less mainstream, but I list them for completeness sake. These are
a) no package system outside of
binary/source tarball a la classic
slackware , and
b) source build tools modelled after BSD ports, a la classic gentoo.
Again, you don't want to be here, until you understand why you might want to, in my opinion.
Historical reasons. Similarly, you could ask why there are multiple companies providing similar services, when just one company could be more efficient overall.
See http://kitenet.net/~joey/pkg-comp/ for a comparison of different package formats from the viewpoint of a Debian developer. Also note that you can use a program called alien to install a package of one kind on other kinds of systems. It's not perfect, but it helps when a vendor delivers software in the "wrong" package format for your chosen distro.
Historic Inertia.
Fedora uses both APT and YUM now, they have a little blurb about it on their Wiki, when they started making Fedora they chose YUM because APT hadn't had any updates for a while, and they support APT now, but default to YUM because that is what the Anaconda installer uses.
Some do share a package manager. I've used Apt on several distributions. Some distros need something more specific to their philosophy. For example, Gentoo needs something that grabs source and compiles rather than just installing a binary.
In some cases it's simply that the makers of the distro prefer one package management system to another. The nice thing about Linux is choice and multiple package management systems mean more choice.
There are also many different text-editors, desktop-environments and so on. The different distributions share this only, because they provide all these programs.
But they have to decide for one package-manager. Different package-manager wouldn't know about software installed by another package-manager. So distributions decide for one or develop one themself, tailored to their specific needs.
Two very common package managers are RPM and apt, that are both used by different distributions.
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I want to build a lightweight linux configuration to use for development. The first idea is to use it inside a Virtual Machine under Windows, or old Laptops with 1Gb RAM top. Maybe even a distributable environment for developers.
So the whole idea is to use a LAMP server, Java Application Server (Tomcat or Jetty) and X Windows (any Window manager, from FVWM to Enlightment), Eclipse, maybe jEdit and of course Firefox.
Edit: I am changing this post to compile a possible list of distros and window managers that can be used to configure a real lightweight development environment.
I am using as base personal experiences on this matter. Info about the distros can be easily found in their sites. So please, focus on personal use of those systems
Distros
Ubuntu / Xubuntu
Pros:
Personal Experience in old systems or low RAM environment - #Schroeder, #SCdF
Several sugestions based on personal knowledge - #Kyle, #Peter Hoffmann
Gentoo
Pros:
Not targeted to Desktop Users - #paan
Don't come with a huge ammount of applications - #paan
Slackware
Pros:
Suggested as best performance in a wise install/configuration - #Ryan
Damn Small Linux
Pros:
Main focus is the lightweight factor - 50MB LiveCD - #Ryan
Debian
Pros:
Very versatile, can be configured for both heavy and lightweight computers - #Ryan
APT as package manager - #Kyle
Based on compatibility and usability - #Kyle
-- Fell Free to add Prós and Cons on this, so we can compile a good Reference.
-- X Windows suggestion keep coming about XFCE. If others are to add here, open a session for it Like the distro one :)
Try using Gentoo, Most distros with X are targetted towards desktop user and by default includes a lot of other application you don't need and at the same time lacks a lot of the stuff you need. YOu could customize the install but usually a lot of useless stuff will get into the 'base' install anyway.
If you worried about compile time, you can specify portage(the getoo package management system) to fetch binaries when available instead of compiling. It allows you to get the flexibility of installing a system with only the stuff you want.
I used gentoo and never went back.
http://www.gentoo.org/
I installed Arch (www.archlinux.org) on my old MacMini (there is a PPC version) which only has 512MB RAM and a single 2.05GHz processor and it absolutely flys!
It is almost bare after installation, so about a lightweight as you can get.. but comes with pacman, a software package manager, which is as-good-as apt-get (ubuntu/debian) if not better.
You have a choice of installing many desktop managers such as: awesome, dwm, wmii, fvwm, GNOME, XFCE, KDE, etc.. straight from pacman using a single line of code.
In my opinion(!!) it's lightweight like Gentoo but a binary distro so it isn't as much hassle (although I can imagine it can be a little daunting if you're new to Linux). I had a system running (with X and awesome WM) in about 1.5 hours!
I'm in a similar situation to Schroeder; having a laptop with 512mb RAM is a PITA. I tried running Xubuntu but tbh I didn't find it that it was either useable or a great saver on RAM. So I switched to Ubuntu and it's worked out pretty well.
My 2c:
I'd recommend basing your system on Debian - the apt system has become the de-facto way to quickly install and update programs on Linux. Ubuntu is Debian based with an emphasis on usability and compatibility. As for windowing managers, in my opinion Xfce hits the right balance between being lightweight and functional. The Ubuntu-based Xubuntu would probably be a good match.
Remember - for security only install essential network services like SSH.
If it were my decision, I would set up a PXE boot server to easily install Ubuntu Server Edition to any computer on the network. The reason why I would choose Ubuntu is because it's the one I've had the most experience with and the one I can easily find help for. If I needed a windowing manager for the particular installation, I would also install either Xfce or Blackbox. In fact, I have an old laptop in my basement that I've set up in exactly this way and it's worked out quite well for me.
I would recommend to use Archlinux which I'm using now. XFCE is my choice for desktop environment by now but if you prefer more lightweight one you can try LXDE
Archlinux is much like Gentoo but with binary packages prebuilt and with more simpler configuration
If all those distos still won't work for you, you may want to try LFS - Linux From Scratch
I would recommend Xubuntu. It's based on Ubuntu/Debian and optimized for small footprint with the Xfce desktop environment.
I am writing this on a Centrino 1.5GHz, 512MB RAM running Ubuntu. It's Debian based and is the first Linux distro I have tried that actually worked with my laptop on first install. Find more info here.
Second the Arch suggestion. You will be tinkering quite a few configuration files to get everything going, but I've found none better for a lean and mean setup.
I suggest you should checkout the following three distros:
Damn Small Linux - Very lightweight. Includes its own lightweight browser (Dillo), but you can install Firefox easily. The entire distro fits on a 50MB LiveCD.
Slackware - Performance wise Slackware will probably perform the best out of the three, but I'd suggest running your own benchmarks with your hardware.
Debian- Debian is extremely versatile. This is the only distro of the three I'd recommend for both a 32 bit 1GB RAM laptop and also a 4GB RAM 64 bit machine.
I would recommend something mcuh lighter than XFCE: IceWM. It takes so time to configure it to be really usable, but it's worth it. I have a fully running IceWM which only takes about 5MB of RAM.
The primary reason I use Linux is because it can be lightweight. In 1999, I used Redhat, Mandrake (now Mandriva), and Debian. All were faster and more lightweight than my typical Windows 98 installations.
Not so anymore. I now have to research and experiment in order to find distros that are lightweight in both storage and memory footprint, and speedy. These are the ones I have played with lately:
Slitaz, a French distro (I use the English version and it works well).
Crunchbang, a lightweight Ubuntu and Debian-derived distro
Crux, which is source-only and very low-level geeky (I chose it because it has good support for PowerPC, and I was using it on my aging Powerbook G4)
Currently, however, I use Archlinux for most of my work, as it offers a good compromise between lightweight and feature-full.
But if you decide to roll your own distro from scratch, you may want to try Buildroot or Openembedded. I do not have much experience yet with Openembedded, but using Buildroot I have been able to create a very simple OS that boots quickly, loads only what I want, and only takes up 7 MB of storage space (adding development tools will increase this greatly, of course; I am merely using it as an ssh terminal, although I can do some editing with vi, and some text-only web browsing).
As far as window managers, I have been very happy with OpenBox. I frequently experiment with lighter-weight window mangers listed on this page, however.
here is my opinions as well. I have used Fedora, Gentoo, SliTaz, Archlinux, and Puppy Linux for development. The constraints: the system virtual image had to be under 800mb to allow for easy download and include all necessary software. The system had to be fast and customizable. It had to support version control SVN and Git, XAMPP or LAMP, SHH client, window environment (X or whatever) with latest video drivers/higher resolution, and some graphical manipulation software for images.
I tried Archlinux, Puppy, and SliTaz. I have to say that SliTaz was the easiest to work with and to set up. The complete base-OS install from the image is around 120mb using the cooking version. TazPkg is a great package manager but some of the listed packages were outdated. Some of the latest versions needed to be built from source code.
SliTaz is extremely lightweight and you have to live with some older packages in the supported TazPkg package list. There is increasing support and XAMPP, Java, Perl, Python, and SVN port well using TazPkg with latest versions. SliTaz is all about customization and lightweight. The final size was 800mb with all necessary software. ArchLinux and Pupppy, although also lightweight were over 1.5GB after all of the software was installed. The base systems were not comparable to SliTaz.
If anyone is interested in a virtual image for SliTaz with XAMPP to try out, contact away and link will be posted.
All the best and happy development! :)