Trying to get hand of tkinter, widgets and neighboring areas.
Keep getting an error - and after hours of googling, not answers pop up.
For some reason this loop shows all of the filenames in the entry-line - rather than one at a time... - what am I doing wrong ?
Thanks for helping out !
__author__ = 'Orphan Black'
import os
import sys
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.scrolledtext import *
import time
class PermFrame(Frame):
def __init__ (self, master):
super(PermFrame, self).__init__(master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
self.createLable()
menu = Menu()
self.master.config(menu=menu)
file = Menu(menu)
file.add_command(label="Settings", command=self.setting_menu)
file.add_command(label="Exit", command=self.client_exit)
menu.add_cascade(label="File", menu=file)
about = Menu(menu)
about.add_command(label="Info")
menu.add_cascade(label="About", menu=about)
self.enpath_label = Label(self, text = "Enter path: ")
self.enpath_label.grid(row = 2, column = 2, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.path_ent = Entry(self, width=52)
self.path_ent.grid(row = 2, column = 3, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.sub_bttn = Button(self, text = "Check", command = self.submit_path)
self.sub_bttn.grid(row = 2, column = 4, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.run_bttn = Button(self, text = "Run", command = self.run_prg)
self.run_bttn.grid(row = 2, column = 5, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.orgfn_label = Label(self, text = "Original name: ")
self.orgfn_label.grid(row = 4, column = 2, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.org_filename = Text(self, width=37, height = 1, wrap = WORD)
self.org_filename.grid(row=4, column = 3, columnspan = 5, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.newfn_label = Label(self, text = "New name: ")
self.newfn_label.grid(row = 5, column = 2, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.new_filename = Text(self, width=37, height = 1, wrap = WORD)
self.new_filename.grid(row=5, column = 3, columnspan = 5, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.constxt_label = Label(self, text = "Console ")
self.constxt_label.grid(row = 6, column = 2, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=0)
self.console_txt = ScrolledText(self, width=71, height = 5, wrap = WORD)
self.console_txt.grid(row=7, column = 2, columnspan = 4, sticky = W, padx=5, pady=0)
def submit_path(self):
# console = console
time_date = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
contents = self.path_ent.get()
message = ("\n{}: Trying {}...".format(time_date, contents))
self.console_txt.insert(END, message)
try:
os.chdir(contents)
msgok = ("\n{}: The path {}, is valid".format(time_date, contents))
prg_start = ("\n{}: Program starting...".format(time_date, contents))
self.console_txt.insert(END, msgok)
except (ValueError, RuntimeError, TypeError, NameError, FileNotFoundError):
notok_mssg= ("\n{}: The path you entered is not valid...Enter a new path".format(time_date))
self.console_txt.insert(END,notok_mssg,)
def run_prg(self):
os.listdir(self.path_ent.get())
for file in os.listdir(self.path_ent.get()):
#print(file)
self.org_filename.insert(END,(file))
It seems like you want your entry widget to display the contents of os.listdir one at a time as you iterate over it changing the entry widgets value upon each iteration.
But, as you're iterating you keep inserting things into the entry widget at the last index in the Entry widget. You never delete the Entry widget's contents so you just see this is one big mesh of text.
Sticking with the Entry widget... you can do this:
self.org_filename.delete(0, END) #Could also use "end" instead of END
#insert new text
If all you want is this updating text behavior, then you should really just use a label. With a label it's easier.
some_label['text'] = new_filename
Additional notes:
Don't override keywords
You should use a name other than file in your forloop. It's a built-in keyword. Whenever you do this you're overriding functionality.
Don't use import *
With small scripts, it's not much of an issue, but as you start expanding your programs it becomes very easy to have clashing imports / unexpected behavior and in general it becomes a lot harder to keep track of things / debug.
e.g. - If we did import tkinter as some_name and we used some_name.* where * would be anything from tkinter you wanted to use such as tk.END as above, or even the widget classes it' a lot easier to keep track of. We know exactly where everything comes from.
Blocking Tk's main event loop
If you have a large directory then iterating like this will block Tk's main event loop. Consider using a separate thread instead.
Related
I'm studying GUI, so please understand my poor codes below.
I was trying to make a program which gets game-character's information. So if you press the 'search' button, the list would be shown below. But... it only shows about 11 names due to the window size. So i wanted to put a scrollbar for that area, but I just don't know how to link the scroll bar to control the area. I meant, the scroll bar itself has created, and it does scroll itself, but it doesn't scroll the window I wanted. I must have linked it wrong but... not sure.
Below is the minimized example code, but it's still quite long and crude. Sorry for that again.
If anyone can enlighten me, it would be really great help for this and my future works as well.
import tkinter as tk
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import webbrowser
import time
global var_dict, input_id, output
var_dict = {}
def enter_call_back(event=None):
output.grid(column = 0, row = 2, columnspan = 5 , sticky='w')
output.insert(tk.END,"Text_Something")
output.update()
search_chr()
def open_browse(url_list):
for url in url_list:
time.sleep(0.3)
webbrowser.open(url)
def search_inven(ch_id):
if ch_id == "ch1" or ch_id == "ch13" or ch_id == "ch15" :
num = 5
url_list = ["something.url","something2.url"]
self_count = 1
else:
num = 0
url_list = []
self_count = 0
masterset = []
masterset.append(num)
masterset.append(url_list)
masterset.append(self_count)
return masterset
def search_chr():
global var_dict, output
for things in var_dict.keys():
var_dict[things].destroy()
chr_list = ["ch1","ch2","ch3","ch4","ch5","ch6","ch7","ch8","ch9","ch9","ch10","ch11","ch12","ch13","ch14","ch15"]
output.insert(tk.END," Done! \n\n")
var_dict = {}
num = -1
for ch in chr_list:
num += 1
var_dict["output%s" %num] = tk.Entry(frame_buttons, width = 125)
result = search_inven(ch)
if result[0] == 0:
var_dict["output"+str(num)].insert(0, "Clean "+ch+"\n")
var_dict["output"+str(num)].grid(column = 0, row = num, sticky='w', padx=5, pady=5)
else:
url_list = result[1]
var_dict["o-button%s" %num] = tk.Button(frame_buttons, command=lambda url_list = url_list : open_browse(url_list))
var_dict["o-button"+str(num)].grid(column = 1, row = num, sticky='e')
var_dict["o-button"+str(num)].config(text="URL")
var_dict["output"+str(num)].insert(0, "Not Clean "+str(result[0])+" Self : "+str(result[2])+" Ch_id : "+ch+")\n")
var_dict["output"+str(num)].grid(column = 0, row = num, sticky='w', padx=5, pady=5)
vsb = tk.Scrollbar(frame_canvas, orient="vertical")
vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
vsb.config(command=canvas.yview)
canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set)
frame_canvas.config(height = 300)
canvas.config(scrollregion=canvas.bbox("all"))
root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("760x710")
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
root.title("Minimum v.1.2")
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame_main = tk.Frame(root, bg="gray")
frame_main.grid(sticky='news')
intro = tk.Text(frame_main, height = 17, bg="#E3D5F3")
intro.option_add("*Font", "명조 10")
intro.insert(tk.CURRENT,"Text_something")
intro.config(state='disabled')
intro.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=(5, 0), columnspan = 5, sticky='nw')
input_id = tk.Entry(frame_main, width = 35)
input_id.option_add("*Font","명조 10")
input_id.insert(0,"Ch_name")
input_id.grid(row=1, column=0, pady=(5, 0), sticky='w')
search_btn = tk.Button(frame_main)
search_btn.config(text="Search")
search_btn.option_add("*Font","명조 10")
search_btn.config(width=5,height=1)
search_btn.grid(row = 1, column = 0, pady=(5, 0), sticky='e')
output = tk.Text(frame_main, height = 10)
output.option_add("*Font","명조 10")
output.grid(row = 2, column = 0,pady=(5,0),sticky='nw')
frame_canvas = tk.Frame(frame_main, width = 565)
frame_canvas.grid(row=3, column=0, pady=(5, 0), columnspan = 3 ,sticky='nw')
frame_canvas.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame_canvas.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame_canvas.grid_propagate(False)
canvas = tk.Canvas(frame_canvas, bg="gray", height=500,scrollregion=(0,0,500,1800))
canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="news")
frame_buttons = tk.Frame(canvas, bg="gray")
frame_buttons.grid(row = 0, column = 0,sticky='e')
root.bind('<Return>',enter_call_back)
search_btn.config(command = enter_call_back)
root.mainloop()
First, using grid() to put frame_buttons into the canvas will not affect the scrollregion of the canvas. Use canvas.create_window() instead.
Second, it is better to bind <Configure> event on frame_buttons and update canvas' scrollregion inside the bind callback. Then adding widgets to frame_buttons will automatically update the scrollregion.
Also note that you have created new scrollbar and put it at same position whenever search_chr() is executed. Better create the scrollbar only once outside the function.
I would like print all the information present in the excel data in new tkinter window
You can use Tkinter's grid.
For example, to create a simple excel-like table:
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
height = 5
width = 5
for i in range(height): #Rows
for j in range(width): #Columns
b = Entry(root, text="")
b.grid(row=i, column=j)
mainloop()
To print, consider the following example in which I make a button with Tkinter that gets some text from a widget and then prints it to console using the print() function.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
def print_text(*args):
try:
print(text1.get())
except ValueError:
pass
root = Tk()
root.title("Little tkinter app for printing")
mainframe = ttk.Frame(root, padding="3 3 12 12")
mainframe.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = (N,W,E,S))
mainframe.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)
mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
text1 = StringVar()
text_entry = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width = 20, textvariable=text1)
text_entry.grid(column = 1, row = 2, sticky = (N,W,E,S))
ttk.Button(mainframe, text = "Print!", command =
print_text(text1)).grid(column = 1, row = 3, sticky = (E))
for child in mainframe.winfo_children():
child.grid_configure(padx = 5, pady = 5)
text_entry.focus()
root.bind('<Return>', print_text)
root.mainloop()
Can anyone help me why columnspan not having any effect in this code:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
frametop = tk.Frame(root).grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 2)
labeltest1 = tk.Label(frametop, text="A").grid(row = 0, column = 0)
labeltest2 = tk.Label(frametop, text="B").grid(row = 0, column = 1)
labeltest3 = tk.Label(frametop, text="C").grid(row = 0, column = 2)
framebottom = tk.Frame(root).grid(row = 1, column = 0)
labeltest4 = tk.Label(framebottom, text="Hello World").grid(row = 1, column = 0)
labeltest5 = tk.Label(framebottom, text="Hello World").grid(row = 1, column = 1)
labeltest6 = tk.Label(framebottom, text="Hello World").grid(row = 1, column = 2)
root.mainloop()
labeltest1, labeltest2, labeltest3 are being distributed in column similar to the widgets of framebottom. What I wanted is a grid of 3 columns inside a frame with a columnspan = 2 with the same row.
Something similar to this:
|| A | B | C ||
| Hello World | Hello World | Hello World |
The way your code is organized, the Frames have no effect; when you grid on the same line as the widget creation, None gets returned and stored in the variables you are using for the Frames, and Label. A consequence is that the labels are inserted directly into root.
The following does the same, with a placement of the labels per your request.
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
tk.Label(root, text="A").grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2)
tk.Label(root, text="B").grid(row=0, column=2, columnspan=2)
tk.Label(root, text="C").grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan=2)
tk.Label(root, text="Hello World").grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=3)
tk.Label(root, text="Hello World").grid(row=1, column=3, columnspan=3)
tk.Label(root, text="Hello World").grid(row=1, column=6, columnspan=3)
root.mainloop()
GUI appearance (osX):
I am being particularly obtuse. I am iterating through a list of technical italian words and wanting to insert a translation using a tkinter interface. There is no problem doing this without the GUI: My problem is that I cannot figure out how to do an iteration, load a word into a ttk.Label and wait for a user entry in a ttk.Entry field. I have searched and found explanations, but I am at a loss how to apply the suggestions. This is my code using a trivial list of words:
from tkinter import ttk
import tkinter as tk
def formd():
list_of_terms = ['aardvark', 'ant','zombie', 'cat', 'dog', 'buffalo','eagle', 'owl','caterpiller', 'zebra', 'orchid','arum lily' ]
discard_list = []
temp_dict={}
list_of_terms.sort()
for item in list_of_terms:
listKey.set(item)
# need to wait and get user input
translation =dictValue.get()
temp_dict[item]=translation
discard_list.append(item)
# check if it has worked
for key, value in temp_dict.items():
print(key, value)
# GUI for dict from list
LARGE_FONT= ("Comic sans MS", 12)
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Nautical Term Bilingual Dictionary')
ttk.Style().configure("mybtn.TButton", font = ('Comic sans MS','12'), padding = 1, foreground = 'DodgerBlue4')
ttk.Style().configure('red.TButton', foreground='red', padding=6, font=('Comic sans MS',' 10'))
ttk.Style().configure('action.TLabelframe', foreground = 'dodger blue3')
#.......contents frames.....................
nb = ttk.Notebook(root)
page5 = ttk.Frame(nb)
# declare variables
listKey= tk.StringVar()
dictValue = tk.StringVar()
# widgets
keyLabel =ttk.Label( page5, text = "key from list", font=LARGE_FONT).grid(row=3, column = 0)
Keyfromlist =ttk.Label(page5, width = 10, textvariable = listKey).grid(row = 3, column = 1)
valueLabel =ttk.Label( page5, text = "enter translation", font=LARGE_FONT).grid(row=3, column = 2)
listValue =ttk.Entry(page5, textvariable =dictValue, width = 15).grid(row = 3, column = 3)
#listValue.delete(0,'end')
#listValue.focus_set()
# add buttons
b1 = ttk.Button(page5, text="add to dictionary",style = "mybtn.TButton", command = formd)
b1.grid(row = 5, column = 0)
b5 = ttk.Button(page5, text="clear entry", style ="mybtn.TButton")
b5.grid(row = 5, column = 2)
nb.add(page5, text='From List')
nb.pack(expand=1, fill="both")
for child in root.winfo_children():
child.grid_configure(padx =5, pady=5)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root.mainloop()
I wonder whether someone could take the time to suggest a solution, please. How to stop a while loop to get input from user using Tkinter? was the one suggestion that I cannot figure how to use in my example
tkinter doesn't "play nice" with while loops.
Fortunately for you, you don't need to use one.
You can do something like the below:
from tkinter import *
class App:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.list = ['aardvark', 'ant','zombie', 'cat', 'dog', 'buffalo','eagle', 'owl','caterpiller', 'zebra', 'orchid','arum lily' ]
self.text = Label(self.root, text="aardvark")
self.entry = Entry(self.root)
self.button = Button(self.root, text="Ok", command=self.command)
self.text.pack()
self.entry.pack()
self.button.pack()
def command(self):
print(self.text.cget("text")+" - "+self.entry.get())
try:
self.text.configure(text = self.list[self.list.index(self.text.cget("text"))+1])
except IndexError:
self.entry.destroy()
self.button.destroy()
self.text.configure(text = "You have completed the test")
root = Tk()
App(root)
root.mainloop()
This essentially uses the Button widget to iterate to the next text and get the next input.
How do I write user input from tkinter entry widget to xlsx?
Should I be using a different module?
from tkinter import *
import xlsxwriter
def output():
c = Toplevel(root)
c.title =("Main")
c.geometry =('')
e= Entry(c, width=20).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W, padx=10)
l=Label(c, text="Current Value").grid(row = 0, column=0, sticky=W, padx=10)
e2 = Entry(c, width=20).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=W, padx=10)
l2= Label(c, text="New Value").grid(row = 1, column=0, sticky=W, padx=10)
b=Button(c, text="Submit",command= write_to_xlsx).grid(row= 1, column=2, sticky=E, padx=10)
def write_to_xlsx():
workbook =xlsxwriter.Workbook('tkintertest18.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
worksheet.write_string('C1', 'e2.get()')
workbook.close()
root = Tk()
root.title("Main Menu")
root.geometry('400x400+230+130')
Button(root, text="1", command=output).grid(row =0, column= 2)
root.mainloop()
You should almost always use a class when tkinter is involved. So here is a working prototype of your code above. There were multiple problems. One is that when you slap grid next to your widgets instead of putting them on a new line, grid returns None, not the object. Implementing the app as a class enables the other functions to access the GUI components (in this case self.e2). Another error was you had single-quoted the 'e2.get()' call, which is technically a string. So removing the quotes fixes that. There may have been other things...
import xlsxwriter
class XLwriter:
def __init__(self):
c = Toplevel(root)
c.title =("Main")
c.geometry =('')
self.e= Entry(c, width=20).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=W, padx=10)
self.l=Label(c, text="Current Value").grid(row = 0, column=0, sticky=W, padx=10)
self.e2 = Entry(c, width=20)
self.e2.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=W, padx=10)
self.l2= Label(c, text="New Value").grid(row = 1, column=0, sticky=W, padx=10)
self.b=Button(c, text="Submit",command=self.write_to_xlsx).grid(row= 1, column=2, sticky=E, padx=10)
def write_to_xlsx(self):
workbook =xlsxwriter.Workbook('tkintertest18.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
worksheet.write_string('C1', self.e2.get())
workbook.close()
root = Tk()
root.title("Main Menu")
root.geometry('400x400+230+130')
app = XLwriter()
#Button(root, text="1", command=output).grid(row =0, column= 2)
root.mainloop()
Seeing that Ron already provided you with a class to perform this task I will respond with the non-class method of doing this to more closely reflect the current code you have.
Keep in mind that with xlsxwriter there is not a way to read from the spreadsheet so for the entry field you have that is labeled as "Current Value" you will need to use a different excel library to fill that field with data from the spreadsheet.
Make sure if you are going to interact with a widget that you do not use the geometry manager directly with the creation of the widget. This will return None to anything trying to interact with it. Instead on the next line after you have created the widget you can use the widget variable name and then your geometry manager of choice(grid(), pack(), place()). This will allow us to interact with the widget without the issue of None being returned by the geometry manager.
In order for you to be able to interact with e2 outside of the output() function you will need to assign e2 to the global namespace. You can do this by simply adding global e2 inside your output() function.
Note: The use of global is best avoided whenever possible this is one compelling reason to use a more Object Oriented Programing method (class) as the use of global is not needed when using class attributes.
from tkinter import *
import xlsxwriter
root = Tk()
root.title("Main Menu")
#root.geometry('400x400+230+130')
def output():
global e2
c = Toplevel(root)
c.title = ("Main")
e = Entry(c, width = 20)
e.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = W, padx = 10)
l = Label(c, text = "Current Value")
l.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W, padx = 10)
e2 = Entry(c, width=20)
e2.grid(row = 1, column = 1, sticky = W, padx = 10)
l2 = Label(c, text = "New Value")
l2.grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W, padx = 10)
b = Button(c, text = "Submit",command = write_to_xlsx)
b.grid(row = 1, column = 2, sticky = E, padx = 10)
def write_to_xlsx():
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('tkintertest18.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
worksheet.write_string('C1', e2.get())
workbook.close()
btn = Button(root, text = "1", command = output)
btn.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
root.mainloop()