How to set up environment variables for node.js in NPM task - node.js

I have npm task that loads concurrently, node-inspector, and node-supervisor.
{
"start": "concurrently --kill-others \"node-inspector\" \"set NODE_PATH=.&&supervisor -n error -- ./bin/www --debug\"",
"prestart": "start chrome http://localhost:3000 http://localhost:8080/debug?port=5858"
}
Result:
[1] set NODE_PATH=.&&supervisor -n error -- ./bin/www --debug exited with code 0
--> Sending SIGTERM to other processes..
[0] Node Inspector v0.12.7
[0] Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080/?port=5858 to start debugging.
But when I'm trying localhost:3000 I get ERR_CONNECTION_REFUSED.
QUESTION 1: How I can pass NODE_PATH=. (or any other ENV variable) to supervisor - so my node runs correctly?
QUESTION 2: Or maybe you know, how to organize two watch tasks within npm scripts? for example: node-supervisor and node-inspector
Note1: If I run set NODE_PATH=.&&supervisor -n error -- ./bin/www --debug directly from command line - works well.
Note2: If I run npm start without NODE_PATH=.&& it works well but node error - cause it can't find modules for example require('helpers/log') or require('models/user') cause i don't want to place everything in node_modules.
Stats:
Windows 8.1
Node 4.4.0
npm 2.4.0

For your first question, check out the handy helper module cross-env
It's designed for exactly this purpose, and is easy to use. Just use cross-env where you'd typically use UNIX-style env, and away you go. Mine, for example, looks like:
"scripts": {
"start": "cross-env DEBUG=express:router webpack-dev-server ...."
}

Related

Webpack: "Unable to start the dev server. Error: The dev server is not running on port 3000." unless compiled twice

To play with an SSO project in office.js, I am using :
https://github.com/OfficeDev/generator-office 1.9.2,
node v16.16.0,
npm v8.11.0,
Visual Studio Code Version: 1.71.2,
Windows NTx64 100.19044.
This also uses webpack (webpack#5.74.0).
I got this to work (required some changes to the generated project).
Now I am adapting the project to my needs and got it to build.
But it now fails to start the webserver.
On the terminal in VScode, I issue :
"npm start", which is composed of these other scripts:
"start": "npm run build:dev && concurrently "npm run start:server" "npm run sideload"",
"build:dev": "webpack --mode development",
"sideload": "office-addin-debugging start manifest.xml",
"start:server": "office-addin-sso start manifest.xml",
The terminal tells me:
"Starting the dev server... (webpack serve --mode development)
Unable to start the dev server. Error: The dev server is not running on port 3000."
What I have tried:
I have looked through the webpack window output, tells me: "webpack 5.74.0 compiled successfully in … ms" (but more below).
I looked through %LocalAppData%\npm-cache_logs.
I scoured the %LocalAppData%\Temp\OfficeAddins.log.txt
I killed and restarted everything I could think of.
I checked the port is not used (w/ netstat -ano | findstr :3000)
I changed the port, gives same error on that port (package.json : "config": {"dev-server-port": 3001})
I checked the code for remaining errors (w/ office-addin-lint check)
I checked the office certificates are installed (w/ npx office-addin-dev-certs verify)
I issued: npm update
Then with the terminal window and webpack still showing, it occured to me to open another terminal on the side and start another npm start.
This time, I got a somewhat shorter output of webpack in another node window (showing only one line webpack 5.74.0 compiled successfully in … ms", the webpack window above from the first terminal showed this line twice).
Below is a diff of the webpack window output (run from terminal2 on the left; the port 8080 was changed automatically to the free one; so some webserver went up after all? though I could not browse to e/.g. https://localhost:3000/fallbackauthdialog.html).
At this point, I can sideload the office add-in in Excel without add-in error, press its taskpane's button and get debug output (on terminal 2, not in the debug console).
Can you please help get back to a more standard debug configuration, and point out to me what I may be doing wrong, or what other diagnostics I could run?

Node v15.5.0 doesn't read command line flags [duplicate]

The scripts portion of my package.json currently looks like this:
"scripts": {
"start": "node ./script.js server"
}
...which means I can run npm start to start the server. So far so good.
However, I would like to be able to run something like npm start 8080 and have the argument(s) passed to script.js (e.g. npm start 8080 => node ./script.js server 8080). Is this possible?
npm 2 and newer
It's possible to pass args to npm run since npm 2 (2014). The syntax is as follows:
npm run <command> [-- <args>]
Note the -- separator, used to separate the params passed to npm command itself, and the params passed to your script.
With the example package.json:
"scripts": {
"grunt": "grunt",
"server": "node server.js"
}
here's how to pass the params to those scripts:
npm run grunt -- task:target // invokes `grunt task:target`
npm run server -- --port=1337 // invokes `node server.js --port=1337`
Note: If your param does not start with - or --, then having an explicit -- separator is not needed; but it's better to do it anyway for clarity.
npm run grunt task:target // invokes `grunt task:target`
Note below the difference in behavior (test.js has console.log(process.argv)): the params which start with - or -- are passed to npm and not to the script, and are silently swallowed there.
$ npm run test foobar
['C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe', 'C:\\git\\myrepo\\test.js', 'foobar']
$ npm run test -foobar
['C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe', 'C:\\git\\myrepo\\test.js']
$ npm run test --foobar
['C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe', 'C:\\git\\myrepo\\test.js']
$ npm run test -- foobar
['C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe', 'C:\\git\\myrepo\\test.js', 'foobar']
$ npm run test -- -foobar
['C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe', 'C:\\git\\myrepo\\test.js', '-foobar']
$ npm run test -- --foobar
['C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe', 'C:\\git\\myrepo\\test.js', '--foobar']
The difference is clearer when you use a param actually used by npm:
$ npm test --help // this is disguised `npm --help test`
npm test [-- <args>]
aliases: tst, t
To get the parameter value, see this question. For reading named parameters, it's probably best to use a parsing library like yargs or minimist; nodejs exposes process.argv globally, containing command line parameter values, but this is a low-level API (whitespace-separated array of strings, as provided by the operating system to the node executable).
You asked to be able to run something like npm start 8080. This is possible without needing to modify script.js or configuration files as follows.
For example, in your "scripts" JSON value, include--
"start": "node ./script.js server $PORT"
And then from the command-line:
$ PORT=8080 npm start
I have confirmed that this works using bash and npm 1.4.23. Note that this work-around does not require GitHub npm issue #3494 to be resolved.
You could also do that:
In package.json:
"scripts": {
"cool": "./cool.js"
}
In cool.js:
console.log({ myVar: process.env.npm_config_myVar });
In CLI:
npm --myVar=something run-script cool
Should output:
{ myVar: 'something' }
Update: Using npm 3.10.3, it appears that it lowercases the process.env.npm_config_ variables? I'm also using better-npm-run, so I'm not sure if this is vanilla default behavior or not, but this answer is working. Instead of process.env.npm_config_myVar, try process.env.npm_config_myvar
jakub.g's answer is correct, however an example using grunt seems a bit complex.
So my simpler answer:
- Sending a command line argument to an npm script
Syntax for sending command line arguments to an npm script:
npm run [command] [-- <args>]
Imagine we have an npm start task in our package.json to kick off webpack dev server:
"scripts": {
"start": "webpack-dev-server --port 5000"
},
We run this from the command line with npm start
Now if we want to pass in a port to the npm script:
"scripts": {
"start": "webpack-dev-server --port process.env.port || 8080"
},
running this and passing the port e.g. 5000 via command line would be as follows:
npm start --port:5000
- Using package.json config:
As mentioned by jakub.g, you can alternatively set params in the config of your package.json
"config": {
"myPort": "5000"
}
"scripts": {
"start": "webpack-dev-server --port process.env.npm_package_config_myPort || 8080"
},
npm start will use the port specified in your config, or alternatively you can override it
npm config set myPackage:myPort 3000
- Setting a param in your npm script
An example of reading a variable set in your npm script. In this example NODE_ENV
"scripts": {
"start:prod": "NODE_ENV=prod node server.js",
"start:dev": "NODE_ENV=dev node server.js"
},
read NODE_ENV in server.js either prod or dev
var env = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'prod'
if(env === 'dev'){
var app = require("./serverDev.js");
} else {
var app = require("./serverProd.js");
}
As of npm 2.x, you can pass args into run-scripts by separating with --
Terminal
npm run-script start -- --foo=3
Package.json
"start": "node ./index.js"
Index.js
console.log('process.argv', process.argv);
I had been using this one-liner in the past, and after a bit of time away from Node.js had to try and rediscover it recently. Similar to the solution mentioned by #francoisrv, it utilizes the npm_config_* variables.
Create the following minimal package.json file:
{
"name": "argument",
"version": "1.0.0",
"scripts": {
"argument": "echo \"The value of --foo is '${npm_config_foo}'\""
}
}
Run the following command:
npm run argument --foo=bar
Observe the following output:
The value of --foo is 'bar'
All of this is nicely documented in the npm official documentation:
https://docs.npmjs.com/using-npm/config
Note: The Environment Variables heading explains that variables inside scripts do behave differently to what is defined in the documentation. This is true when it comes to case sensitivity, as well whether the argument is defined with a space or equals sign.
Note: If you are using an argument with hyphens, these will be replaced with underscores in the corresponding environment variable. For example, npm run example --foo-bar=baz would correspond to ${npm_config_foo_bar}.
Note: For non-WSL Windows users, see #Doctor Blue's comments below... TL;DR replace ${npm_config_foo} with %npm_config_foo%.
Use process.argv in your code then just provide a trailing $* to your scripts value entry.
As an example try it with a simple script which just logs the provided arguments to standard out echoargs.js:
console.log('arguments: ' + process.argv.slice(2));
package.json:
"scripts": {
"start": "node echoargs.js $*"
}
Examples:
> npm start 1 2 3
arguments: 1,2,3
process.argv[0] is the executable (node), process.argv[1] is your script.
Tested with npm v5.3.0 and node v8.4.0
Most of the answers above cover just passing the arguments into your NodeJS script, called by npm. My solution is for general use.
Just wrap the npm script with a shell interpreter (e.g. sh) call and pass the arguments as usual. The only exception is that the first argument number is 0.
For example, you want to add the npm script someprogram --env=<argument_1>, where someprogram just prints the value of the env argument:
package.json
"scripts": {
"command": "sh -c 'someprogram --env=$0'"
}
When you run it:
% npm run -s command my-environment
my-environment
If you want to pass arguments to the middle of an npm script, as opposed to just having them appended to the end, then inline environment variables seem to work nicely:
"scripts": {
"dev": "BABEL_ARGS=-w npm run build && cd lib/server && nodemon index.js",
"start": "npm run build && node lib/server/index.js",
"build": "mkdir -p lib && babel $BABEL_ARGS -s inline --stage 0 src -d lib",
},
Here, npm run dev passes the -w watch flag to babel, but npm run start just runs a regular build once.
For PowerShell users on Windows
The accepted answer did not work for me with npm 6.14. Neither adding no -- nor including it once does work. However, putting -- twice or putting "--" once before the arguments does the trick. Example:
npm run <my_script> -- -- <my arguments like --this>
Suspected reason
Like in bash, -- instructs PowerShell to treat all following arguments as literal strings, and not options (E.g see this answer). The issues seems to be that the command is interpreted one time more than expected, loosing the '--'. For instance, by doing
npm run <my_script> -- --option value
npm will run
<my_script> value
However, doing
npm run <my_script> "--" --option value
results in
<my_script> "--option" "value"
which works fine.
This doesn't really answer your question but you could always use environment variables instead:
"scripts": {
"start": "PORT=3000 node server.js"
}
Then in your server.js file:
var port = process.env.PORT || 3000;
I've found this question while I was trying to solve my issue with running sequelize seed:generate cli command:
node_modules/.bin/sequelize seed:generate --name=user
Let me get to the point. I wanted to have a short script command in my package.json file and to provide --name argument at the same time
The answer came after some experiments. Here is my command in package.json
"scripts: {
"seed:generate":"NODE_ENV=development node_modules/.bin/sequelize seed:generate"
}
... and here is an example of running it in terminal to generate a seed file for a user
> yarn seed:generate --name=user
> npm run seed:generate -- --name=user
FYI
yarn -v
1.6.0
npm -v
5.6.0
Note: This approach modifies your package.json on the fly, use it if you have no alternative.
I had to pass command line arguments to my scripts which were something like:
"scripts": {
"start": "npm run build && npm run watch",
"watch": "concurrently \"npm run watch-ts\" \"npm run watch-node\"",
...
}
So, this means I start my app with npm run start.
Now if I want to pass some arguments, I would start with maybe:
npm run start -- --config=someConfig
What this does is: npm run build && npm run watch -- --config=someConfig. Problem with this is, it always appends the arguments to the end of the script. This means all the chained scripts don't get these arguments(Args maybe or may not be required by all, but that's a different story.). Further when the linked scripts are called then those scripts won't get the passed arguments. i.e. The watch script won't get the passed arguments.
The production usage of my app is as an .exe, so passing the arguments in the exe works fine but if want to do this during development, it gets problamatic.
I couldn't find any proper way to achieve this, so this is what I have tried.
I have created a javascript file: start-script.js at the parent level of the application, I have a "default.package.json" and instead of maintaining "package.json", I maintain "default.package.json". The purpose of start-script.json is to read default.package.json, extract the scripts and look for npm run scriptname then append the passed arguments to these scripts. After this, it will create a new package.json and copy the data from default.package.json with modified scripts and then call npm run start.
const fs = require('fs');
const { spawn } = require('child_process');
// open default.package.json
const defaultPackage = fs.readFileSync('./default.package.json');
try {
const packageOb = JSON.parse(defaultPackage);
// loop over the scripts present in this object, edit them with flags
if ('scripts' in packageOb && process.argv.length > 2) {
const passedFlags = ` -- ${process.argv.slice(2).join(' ')}`;
// assuming the script names have words, : or -, modify the regex if required.
const regexPattern = /(npm run [\w:-]*)/g;
const scriptsWithFlags = Object.entries(packageOb.scripts).reduce((acc, [key, value]) => {
const patternMatches = value.match(regexPattern);
// loop over all the matched strings and attach the desired flags.
if (patternMatches) {
for (let eachMatchedPattern of patternMatches) {
const startIndex = value.indexOf(eachMatchedPattern);
const endIndex = startIndex + eachMatchedPattern.length;
// save the string which doen't fall in this matched pattern range.
value = value.slice(0, startIndex) + eachMatchedPattern + passedFlags + value.slice(endIndex);
}
}
acc[key] = value;
return acc;
}, {});
packageOb.scripts = scriptsWithFlags;
}
const modifiedJSON = JSON.stringify(packageOb, null, 4);
fs.writeFileSync('./package.json', modifiedJSON);
// now run your npm start script
let cmd = 'npm';
// check if this works in your OS
if (process.platform === 'win32') {
cmd = 'npm.cmd'; // https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/3675
}
spawn(cmd, ['run', 'start'], { stdio: 'inherit' });
} catch(e) {
console.log('Error while parsing default.package.json', e);
}
Now, instead of doing npm run start, I do node start-script.js --c=somethis --r=somethingElse
The initial run looks fine, but haven't tested thoroughly. Use it, if you like for you app development.
I find it's possible to just pass variables exactly as you would to Node.js:
// index.js
console.log(process.env.TEST_ENV_VAR)
// package.json
...
"scripts": { "start": "node index.js" },
...
TEST_ENV_VAR=hello npm start
Prints out "hello"
From what I see, people use package.json scripts when they would like to run script in simpler way. For example, to use nodemon that installed in local node_modules, we can't call nodemon directly from the cli, but we can call it by using ./node_modules/nodemon/nodemon.js. So, to simplify this long typing, we can put this...
...
scripts: {
'start': 'nodemon app.js'
}
...
... then call npm start to use 'nodemon' which has app.js as the first argument.
What I'm trying to say, if you just want to start your server with the node command, I don't think you need to use scripts. Typing npm start or node app.js has the same effort.
But if you do want to use nodemon, and want to pass a dynamic argument, don't use script either. Try to use symlink instead.
For example using migration with sequelize. I create a symlink...
ln -s node_modules/sequelize/bin/sequelize sequelize
... And I can pass any arguement when I call it ...
./sequlize -h /* show help */
./sequelize -m /* upgrade migration */
./sequelize -m -u /* downgrade migration */
etc...
At this point, using symlink is the best way I could figure out, but I don't really think it's the best practice.
I also hope for your opinion to my answer.
Separate your arguments using -- from the script and add all the required arguments, we can later access them by index.
npm run start -- myemail#gmail.com 100
You can get params in node using
const params = process.argv.slice(2);
console.log(params);
Output
['myemail#gmail.com', '100']
I know there is an approved answer already, but I kinda like this JSON approach.
npm start '{"PROJECT_NAME_STR":"my amazing stuff", "CRAZY_ARR":[0,7,"hungry"], "MAGICAL_NUMBER_INT": 42, "THING_BOO":true}';
Usually I have like 1 var I need, such as a project name, so I find this quick n' simple.
Also I often have something like this in my package.json
"scripts": {
"start": "NODE_ENV=development node local.js"
}
And being greedy I want "all of it", NODE_ENV and the CMD line arg stuff.
You simply access these things like so in your file (in my case local.js)
console.log(process.env.NODE_ENV, starter_obj.CRAZY_ARR, starter_obj.PROJECT_NAME_STR, starter_obj.MAGICAL_NUMBER_INT, starter_obj.THING_BOO);
You just need to have this bit above it (I'm running v10.16.0 btw)
var starter_obj = JSON.parse(JSON.parse(process.env.npm_config_argv).remain[0]);
Anyhoo, question already answered. Thought I'd share, as I use this method a lot.
I settled for something like this, look at the test-watch script:
"scripts": {
"dev": "tsc-watch --onSuccess \"node ./dist/server.js\"",
"test": "tsc && cross-env NODE_OPTIONS=--experimental-vm-modules NODE_NO_WARNINGS=1 jest",
"test-watch": "cross-env NODE_OPTIONS=--experimental-vm-modules NODE_NO_WARNINGS=1 tsc-watch --onSuccess",
},
You invoke the test-watch script like this:
// Run all tests with odata in their name
npm run test-watch "jest odata"
npm run script_target -- < argument > Basically this is the way of passing the command line arguments but it will work only in case of when script have only one command running like I am running a command i.e. npm run start -- 4200
"script":{
"start" : "ng serve --port="
}
This will run for passing command line parameters but what if we run more then one command together like npm run build c:/workspace/file
"script":{
"build" : "copy c:/file <arg> && ng build"
}
but it will interpreter like this while running copy c:/file && ng build c:/work space/file
and we are expected something like this
copy c:/file c:/work space/file && ng build
Note :- so command line parameter only work ad expected in case of only one command in a script.
I read some answers above in which some of them are writing that you can access the command line parameter using $ symbol but this will not gonna work
Try cross-env NPM package.
Easy to use. Easy to install. Cross all platform.
Example:
set arguments for command
// package.json
"scripts": {
“test”: “node test.js”,
“test-with-env-arg”: “cross-env YourEnvVarName=strValue yarn test,
}
get arguments from process.env
// test.js
const getCommandLineArg = Boolean(process.env.YourEnvVarName === 'true') // Attention: value of process.env.* is String type, not number || boolean
i had the same issue when i need to deploy to different environments
here is the package.json pre and post the updates.
scripts:
{"deploy-sit": "sls deploy --config resources-sit.yml",
"deploy-uat": "sls deploy --config resources-uat.yml",
"deploy-dev": "sls deploy --config resources-dev.yml"}
but here is the correct method to adopt the environment variables rather than repeating ourselves
scripts:{"deploy-env": "sls deploy --config resources-$ENV_VAR.yml"}
finally you can deploy by running
ENV_VAR=dev npm run deploy-env

Configure Electron/Node To Run In Debug And Attach a Debugger

I'm a Java developer but I have to try and debug a Node based application which runs inside Electron. I use IntelliJ IDEA for Java development/debugging and have WebStorm for which I want to debug the JS application.
As a Java developer I am used to starting the JVM/Tomcat/OSGi container in debug mode to which I can attach IntelliJ as my debugger. This allows me to dynamically add breakpoints without modifying code in IntelliJ. I want to be able to do the same with the Electron application but I haven't been able to work out how to do this.
I have tried starting Election with the --inspect option as detailed here but cannot attach WebStorm to it. I've also tried setting up a run time configuration in WebStorm itself which works as far as starting Electron but terminates with the error 'connection refused'.
I've also used this and this to try and attach a debugger but to no avail. I also have to work on Windows so I'm facing having to deal with inadequate tools to determine if Electron is listening on a port.
Update
I can't put complete code here but I would start the application with:
npm run dev
And this is the relevant part package.json in the root folder of the application but WITHOUT any debugging options specified:
"dev": "concurrently --raw --kill-others \"npm run dev-server\" \"npm run start\"",
"dev-server": "webpack-dev-server --hot --inline",
"start": "cross-env WEBPACK_ENV=dev electron .",
The application starts up i.e. the Election window appears but terminates before it is completely rendered. I can't say for sure how far into the start-up it gets before failing.
Update 2
I've modified the package.json file dev and start lines to:
"dev": "concurrently --raw --kill-others \"npm run %NODE_DEBUG_OPTION% dev-server\" \"npm run %NODE_DEBUG_OPTION% start\"",
"start": "cross-env WEBPACK_ENV=dev electron --inspect=5858 --remote-debugging-port=9223 .",
But still get Connection refused.
To debug Electron main process, you need using Node.js run configuration; for render process, the Attach to Node.js/Chrome configuration is required.
Please see https://blog.jetbrains.com/webstorm/2016/05/getting-started-with-electron-in-webstorm/ for more info
I found that WebStorm can debug the main process properly if electron is started with the flag:
electron . --serve --inspect-brk=5893
Note the 'brk', it stops the process until a debugger is attached.
Then I just created a run configuration (Attach to Node.js/Chrome) and specified the 5893 port, telling to reconnect automatically.

start 2 server using npm start

Is it possible to start 2 different server using npm start:
package.json:
"scripts": {
"start": "node index && http-server ./"
}
I wan to start a node app and a http-server to serve Single Page App.
Thanks #Lazyexpert for the answer, just use single &.
Sure, why not. The start script itself is just a command line command. You can push there whatever works as a command in command line.
Also you might would like to look at npm package concurrently.
Using this package, you start script will look like this:
"start": "concurrently \"command1 arg\" \"command2 arg\""

How to stop nodemon from changing port on each restart of express app?

I am new to nodejs and this is first time I am using nodemon. I am using nodejs on windows. I have got following in my package.json file
"scripts": {
"start": "nodemon ./bin/www"
}
And I use npm start from command line to start my express app. The process start with a default port which is annoying. But what is even more annoying is that every time I change a file nodemon restarts the application, sometimes on an entirely different random port number. I tried changing the script section in package.json file to the below but that did not make any difference
"scripts": {
"start": "nodemon ./bin/www 3000"
},
From the comments it seems you're specifying the port through an env variable, let's call it EXPRESS_PORT. The node process doesn't inherit it when you start it with npm because npm start creates a new shell with its own environment. So you end up passing port undefined to express. That makes it bind to a random free port. To fix this you can set the variable in the start command:
"scripts": {
"start": "EXPRESS_PORT=3000 nodemon ./bin/www"
}
Or you can export it from your shell with export EXPRESS_PORT=3000 and then run npm start. If you do this you need to make sure to always export before starting the server, so you might want to place the export in ~/.profile or ~/.bashrc.

Resources